Vichar Sanskriti

This document is a collection of essays and discussions on various aspects of Jainism, primarily aimed at a younger generation and emphasizing the practical application of Jain principles in modern life. The author, Nyayavijay, addresses issues ranging from spiritual discipline and the meaning of festivals to social responsibility and the interpretation of Jain scriptures.

Here's a summary of the key themes and arguments presented in the text:

1. The Importance of True Jainism and Avoiding Sectarianism:

• The author urges Jain youth not to confine themselves to narrow interpretations or sub-sects within Jainism. He encourages them to draw knowledge from all good sources but to always adhere to the core principles of Lord Mahavir's teachings.
• He criticizes the tendency of some "reformers" to create new divisions within the Jain community, often driven by ego and a desire for leadership, which he believes detracts from the universal and eternal path of Jainism.
• The core of Jain philosophy is highlighted as unparalleled in its global welfare-oriented vision, its philosophical tenets, ethical code, practical dharma, and ideals, which hold a supreme place in the world's religious literature.

2. Critiquing Modern Jain Practices and the True Spirit of Festivals:

• Paryushan: The text emphasizes that Paryushan, the Jain holy days, are meant for inner purification and self-reflection. While acknowledging the outward celebrations, the author laments that the true spirit of self-improvement often gets lost in the fanfare. He questions whether mere rituals without inner transformation are truly honoring the festival.
• Deterioration of Jain Society: The author points to the visible decline in Jain society's outward and inward state, attributing it to the lack of genuine spiritual development despite outward observances.
• Declining Jain Population: The text references a report noting a decline in the Jain population in India, contrasting it with the growth of other communities. This is presented as a grave concern that Jain leaders and youth need to address.
• The True Meaning of "Khamat Khamana" (Forgiveness): The author clarifies that true forgiveness is not a mere ritual or social formality but a sincere heartfelt act of reconciliation with those with whom there has been any dispute or ill-will. He cites scriptures to support this, emphasizing that forgiveness is the essence of peaceful living.

3. Reinterpreting Jain Life and Practices:

• Mahavir's Life and Teachings: The author suggests a more scientific and logical approach to understanding Lord Mahavir's life and teachings, moving beyond purely miraculous or legendary accounts that might seem unconvincing to modern minds. He stresses the importance of his core message of non-violence, self-control, and spiritual discipline.
• The Importance of the "Agamas": He advocates for focusing on the original Jain scriptures (Agamas) as a more reliable source for understanding Jain philosophy and history, rather than solely relying on later narrative texts, which he believes may not always be historically accurate or philosophically precise.
• "Saudhamivachhal" (True Philanthropy): The author criticizes the superficiality of many contemporary Jain charitable acts, particularly large feasts and donations. He redefines true philanthropy as supporting the needy, empowering the unemployed, providing education to students, establishing hospitals, and opening welfare centers for women. He argues that such practical support contributes to societal upliftment and generates true merit.
• Critique of Wasteful Practices: He questions the wisdom of lavish spending on religious processions (Sangh Yatras) and ostentatious temple decorations when the community faces other pressing needs like education and social welfare.

4. Philosophical Discussions and Debates:

• Astikta-Nastikta (Theism vs. Atheism): This section delves into the definition and implications of being "atheist" or "theist" in the Jain context. The author explains that Jains are considered "atheist" by some for not believing in a creator God or the Vedas. However, he reframes this as a positive aspect of Jainism, emphasizing that true atheism lies in rejecting violence, falsehood, and negative emotions. He recounts an anecdote where a Jain scholar embraces the label of "atheist" for his adherence to these principles.
• The Nature of Faith and Practice: The author argues that true faith (Astikta) is rooted in self-belief and adherence to righteous conduct (Charitra), not merely in outward rituals or blind faith. He uses examples to show how even devout individuals can falter due to worldly attachments, and how outward religious practices don't always equate to inner purity.
• The Meaning of "Ahimsa" in Daily Life: The text touches upon the concept of Ahimsa (non-violence) in everyday actions, particularly concerning food consumption. While acknowledging the practice of abstaining from root vegetables and greens, the author emphasizes that the real essence lies in the intention and the avoidance of harm. He questions the practice of preserving greens and consuming them later, suggesting it might defeat the purpose of compassion.
• The Role of Asceticism and Householder Life: The author promotes a balanced view, stating that while asceticism (Tyaga) leads to the highest spiritual attainment, the householder's life also has a significant role in upholding dharma through righteous conduct, philanthropy, and adherence to moral principles. He emphasizes that character and virtuous actions are paramount, irrespective of one's external status.

5. Addressing Specific Jain Practices and Controversies:

• Child Initiation (Bala Diksha): The author strongly opposes the practice of initiating very young children into monastic life, considering it more detrimental than early marriage. He argues that such practices are often exploitative and misuse scriptural references to justify them.
• Use of Chamara (Yak's Tail Fans): He criticizes the use of Chamara made from the tails of animals, deeming it violent and advocating for alternative materials.
• Silk Usage: He questions the scriptural permissibility of using silk, given its violent origins, implying that Jain principles of non-violence should extend to all practices.

6. The Importance of Critical Thinking and Intellectual Inquiry:

• Throughout the text, the author encourages readers, especially the youth, to engage in critical thinking, to question practices, and to seek deeper understanding of Jain principles. He stresses the need for intellectual rigor and a scientific approach to religious study, moving beyond blind adherence to tradition.
• He advocates for learned monks to deliver insightful and relevant discourses that resonate with modern understanding, rather than relying on stale and repetitive sermons.

In essence, "Vichar Sanskriti" is a call for a revitalized Jainism that is intellectually robust, ethically grounded, and practically relevant to the challenges of the modern world. It urges introspection, critical evaluation of practices, and a renewed commitment to the core values of Jainism for individual and societal betterment.