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Tirthankar 24 Vardhaman Swami Bhagwan Parichay

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First page of Tirthankar 24 Vardhaman Swami Bhagwan Parichay

Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the provided Jain text, "Tirthankar 24 Vardhaman Swami Bhagwan Parichay," compiled by Muni Shri Dipratnasagar.

The book is part of a series titled "Tirthankar Parichay Shreni" and specifically focuses on the 24th Tirthankar of the current era in Bharatkshetra, Bhagwan Vardhaman (also known as Mahavir Swami). The compilation aims to present information about Bhagwan Vardhaman through 185 distinct points or "dwaras" (doors).

Key Information and Structure:

  • Author/Compiler: Muni Shri Dipratnasagar (holding degrees including M.Com., M.Ed., Ph.D.).
  • Publisher: Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar.
  • Date of Publication: October 25, 2017.
  • Core Content: The book details the life, characteristics, and teachings of Bhagwan Vardhaman across 185 specific aspects.
  • References: The compiler has utilized various ancient Jain scriptures and texts as sources for the information presented. These include:
    • "Saptatishatsthan Ghar" by Somti Bhikshu
    • "Aavashyak" Niryukti
    • "Aavashyak" Vritti
    • "Pravachan Saroddhar"
    • "Tirth Sthanik Pargya"
    • "Trishashthi Shalaka Purush Charitra"
    • "Vardhaman Mahapurush Charitra"
    • "Samvayang Sutra"
    • Agam Kathaanuyog (and other Agam texts)
  • Historical Context of Compilation: The idea for this compilation originated around 2001, but due to extensive work on Agam scriptures, it was delayed. The compiler felt ready to undertake this task after publishing his 561st book. The "Saptatishatsthan Prakaran" serves as the foundation, but the compiler has also incorporated information from other texts and omitted some points as deemed necessary.
  • Handling of Variations (Pathantara): The text acknowledges that variations exist in numbers and details across different scriptural sources. For instance, the number of Ganadharas (chief disciples) for different Tirthankars can vary (e.g., 95 or 90 for Bhagwan Ajitnath). Similarly, numbers of Shravikas (female disciples) or Shramanis (nuns) also show variations. The compiler notes that these variations are duly recorded in his "Agam Kathaanuyog."

Summary of Key Details about Bhagwan Vardhaman (as presented in the provided pages):

  • Serial Number: 24th Tirthankar.
  • Past Lives: The text lists 27 (or 26) significant past lives that led to the attainment of Tirthankar Namkarma, starting from Nayasar and including various celestial beings, kings, and individuals in hellish realms, culminating in his final human life.
  • Previous Life Details:
    • Continent/Island: Jambudweep
    • Region: Jambu Bharat
    • Direction: South of Meru Parvat
    • City: Ahichhatra
    • Previous Life Name: Nandan
    • Royal Status: Mandalik King
    • Guru: Potilacharya
  • Reasons for Tirthankar Namkarma: The text lists 20 factors (Sthanakas) that contribute to binding Tirthankar Namkarma, such as devotion to Arhats, Siddhas, the Dharma, Gurus, learned monks, ascetics, continuous application of knowledge, unwavering faith, humility, adherence to vows and conduct, meditation, and service.
  • Previous Birth in Heaven: Pranat Devlok.
  • Life Span in Heaven: 20 Sagaroapam.
  • Conception:
    • Conception Month/Date (Shastriyam): Ashadh Sud 6
    • Conception Month/Date (Gujarati): Ashadh Sud 6
    • Conception Constellation: Uttaraphalguni
    • Conception Zodiac Sign: Kanya (Virgo)
    • Conception Time: Midnight
    • Mother's Dreams: 14 dreams were seen by the mother (Devananda Brahmanni). The dreams include an elephant, bull, lion, Lakshmi, garland, moon, sun, flag, full pot, lotus lake, ocean of milk, celestial chariot, heap of jewels, and a conflagration.
    • Interpretation of Dreams: Done by the father and a dream interpreter.
    • "Garbh Samharan" (Embryo Protection): It is stated that the embryo was not withdrawn or harmed.
    • Mother's Belly Shape: Did not change due to the pregnancy being hidden.
    • Mother's Name: Devananda Brahmanni.
    • Abhigraha (Vow) in the Womb: Not undertaken.
  • Birth:
    • Gestation Period: 9 months and 7 days.
    • Birth Constellation: Uttara Phalguni.
    • Birth Month/Date (Shastriyam): Chaitra Sud 13.
    • Birth Month/Date (Gujarati): Chaitra Sud 13.
    • Birth Zodiac Sign: Kanya (Virgo).
    • Birth Time: Midnight.
    • Era at Birth: End part of the fourth era.
    • Remaining Time in Fourth Era at Birth: 353 years and 8.5 months.
    • Birthplace: Kudpur city in Purva Desh.
  • Divine Occurrences at Birth:
    • Dik-Kumari's Arrival: 56 Dik-Kumaris (directional goddesses) arrived from various realms to prepare the birth chamber, purify the ground, and bestow auspicious blessings.
    • Indra's Arrival: 64 Indras arrived for the birth ceremony. This includes Indras from 12 Kalpa heavens, 2 Jyotish (Sun/Moon), 20 Bhavanpatis, and 32 Vyantaras.
    • Indra's Actions: They created a divine reflection of the Prabhu, placed him on Saudharmendra's lap, bathed him with 1008 auspicious pitchers, applied sandalwood, performed worship with flowers, dressed him, adorned him, sprinkled nectar on his toe, returned him to his mother, and showered 32 crore gold coins with proclamations.
  • Parents:
    • Mother: Trishala Devi.
    • Father: Siddhartha Raja.
  • Lineage and Clan:
    • Jati: Male.
    • Mother's Destiny (Gati): Mahendra Devlok.
    • Father's Destiny (Gati): Mahendra Devlok.
    • Other Names: Mahavir, Veer.
    • Gotra: Kashyap.
    • Vansh (Lineage): Ikshvaku.
    • Lanchhan (Symbol): Lion.
    • Meaning of Name "Vardhaman": Due to increase in knowledge and prosperity (general meaning), and due to the increase in wealth and possessions in the father's home due to the influence of the embryo (specific meaning).
  • Physical Characteristics:
    • Phana (Hood): No hood.
    • Body Marks: Possesses 1008 auspicious marks.
    • Sanghayanan (Bone Structure): Anuttar Vajrushabhanarajan.
    • Samsthan (Body Shape): Anuttar Samachatursra.
    • Knowledge in Householder Stage: Mati, Shruta, Avadhi Gyan.
    • Gana: Manava.
    • Yoni: Mahish.
    • Complexion: Peet (Yellow/Golden).
    • Form: Most excellent, radiant.
    • Height: 7 Hast (cubits) using Utsadangul, 120 Angul using Atmangul, 21 Ansh using Pramanangul.
    • Strength: Infinite strength (much greater than Vasudeva and Chakravarti).
  • Life as a Prince:
    • Diet in Childhood: Nectar placed on the toe by Indra, later refined food.
    • Marriage: Yes, he was married.
    • Sensual Enjoyment: With his own wife.
    • Age as Prince/Householder: 30 years.
    • Reign: Did not rule the kingdom.
    • Chakravarti or Mandalik Raja: Was not a king.
  • Asceticism (Diksha):
    • Path to Enlightenment: Self-enlightened (Swayambuddha).
    • Informing about Diksha: Lokantik Devas from Brahmadev Lok (Archis, Archimali, Vairochan, etc.) informed him about the auspicious time for Diksha.
    • Charity (Varshidan): Gives 1 crore 8 lakh gold coins daily, totaling 388 crore 80 lakh annually, from sunrise to noon.
    • Diksha Month/Date (Shastriyam): Magshar Vad 10.
    • Diksha Month/Date (Gujarati): Kartik Vad 10.
    • Diksha Constellation: Uttaraphalguni.
    • Diksha Zodiac Sign: Kanya (Virgo).
    • Diksha Time: Latter part of the day.
    • Initial Austerity: Sixth bhakta (fasting).
    • Age at Diksha: First stage of youth, without ruling.
    • Diksha Vehicle: Chandraprava.
    • Number of Companions at Diksha: Alone.
    • Attire at Diksha: Left in Tirthankar attire, not any other.
    • City of Departure: Kundpur.
    • Forest of Diksha: Gyatkhandavan.
    • Tree of Diksha: Ashoka tree.
    • Hair Plucking: Five handfuls.
    • Knowledge Gained at Diksha: Manahparyavagyan.
    • Devadushya (Divine Garment): Given by Indra, remained for one year.
  • First Alms (Pāranā):
    • When: The next day.
    • Where: Kollag.
    • First Alms Giver: Bahul Brahmin.
    • Gati of Alms Giver: Moksha in that life or the third life after (as per Aavashyak Niryukti 334).
    • Auspicious Signs at First Alms: Five divine signs – proclamation "Aho Daan," divine music, shower of gold coins, fragrant water/flower shower, and garment shower.
    • Amount of Gold Coins in Shower: 12.5 crore gold coins.
  • Spiritual Practice (Sadhana):
    • Penance in his Shasan: Six months.
    • Wandering Period (Vihar): In Arya and Anarya lands.
    • Period as Pseud-Soul (Chhadmasth): 12 years, 6 months, 15 days.
    • Kevalgyan (Omniscience):
      • Month/Date (Shastriyam): Vaishakh Sud 10.
      • Month/Date (Gujarati): Vaishakh Sud 10.
      • Constellation: Uttaraphalguni.
      • Zodiac Sign: Kanya (Virgo).
      • Time: Latter part of the day.
      • Location: Outside Jambhikagram.
      • Forest: On the banks of the Rujubalika river.
      • Tree: Shal tree.
      • Tree Height: 84 Hast (21 Dhanush).
      • Austerity at Kevalgyan: 64 bhakta.
    • Atishayas (Supernatural Embellishments): 34 atishayas (4 from birth, 19 by gods, 11 after karma destruction).
    • Qualities of Speech: 35 qualities of divine speech (Sanskrit-Vachanadi).
    • Pratiharyas (Divine Embellishments): 8, including Ashoka tree, flower shower, divine sound, white chowrie, throne, aura, drum beat, umbrella.
    • Chaitya Tree (First Pratiharaya): Shal tree, 84 Hast + 11 Dhanush = 32 Dhanush.
    • Absence of 18 Imperfections: Free from all 18 types of imperfections (e.g., greed, anger, ignorance, sleep, desire, envy, fear, delusion, etc.).
  • The Jain Order (Tirth):
    • Establishment of Tirth: During his second Samavasaran.
    • Duration of Tirth: Until Bhagwan Neminath.
    • Continuity of Tirth: No break in his lineage.
    • First Ganadhar: Indrabhuti.
    • First Sadhvi: Chandanbala.
    • First Shravak: Shankh.
    • First Shravika: Sulata.
    • Chief Devotee King: Shrenik.
    • Yaksha: Matanga.
    • Yakshini: Siddhāyikā.
    • Ganas: 14,000.
    • Ganadharas: (Specific number not given in this extract, but implies a significant number).
    • Sadhus: 36,000.
    • Sadhvis: 1,60,000.
    • Shravakas: 1,59,000.
    • Shravikas: 3,18,000.
    • Kevalis (Omniscient Beings): 700.
    • Manahparyavagyanis: 500.
    • Avadhigyanis: 1300.
    • Chaturdash Purvi (Masters of 14 Purvas): 300.
    • Vaikriya Labhdhi Dharas: 700.
    • Vadimuninis: 400.
    • Samanyamuninis: 10,089.
    • Anuttar-upapātik Munis: 800.
    • Prakirnaka Compositions: 14,000.
    • Vows of Sadhus: Five Mahavratas.
    • Vows of Shravaks: Twelve Vratas.
    • Types of Charitra (Conduct): Five (Samayika, Chedopasthapaniya, Pariharvishuddhi, Sukshmasampanya, Yathakhyat).
    • Number of Tattvas (Elements): Nine (Jiva etc.) or Three (Dev, Guru, Dharma).
    • Samayikas: Four (Samayik, Pratikraman, Deshvira, Sarvvira).
    • Pratikraman (Confessions): Five types (Rai, Devasik, Paushadhik, Chautmasik, Samvatsarik).
    • Night Meals: Considered a Mula-guna (fundamental vow).
    • Sthit-Kalpa (Fixed Ascetic Practice): Yes, in ten forms (e.g., Avelakya, Audashika).
    • Asthit-Kalpa (Non-fixed Ascetic Practice): Not applicable.
    • Adherence to Sadhana: Achieved with difficulty.
    • Shadāvak (Daily Practice): Performed twice daily.
    • Nature of Munis: Described as perhaps "Jad and Vakr" (literal meaning could be 'steady' and 'straight' or require further interpretation in context).
    • Prarupit Dharma (Propounded Dharma): Two types (Angar - homeless, Agar - householder; or Shrut - scripture, Charitra - conduct).
    • Monks' Garments: White.
    • Monks' Garment Size: According to fixed measurements.
  • End of Life and Moksha:
    • Householder Life Duration: 30 years.
    • Kevalgyan Period: 42 years minus 12.5 years and 15 days.
    • Total Ascetic Period: 42 years.
    • Total Lifespan: 72 years.
    • Endurance of Hardships (Parishahas): Endured all such difficulties properly.
    • Final Destination (Gati): Moksha (Siddhigati) with eternal and unobstructed happiness.
    • Last Rites: Cremation (Agni-sanskar), not burial.
    • Moksha Month/Date (Shastriyam): Kartik Vad Amas.
    • Moksha Month/Date (Gujarati): Aso Vad Amas.
    • Moksha Constellation: Swati.
    • Moksha Zodiac Sign: Tula (Libra).
    • Moksha Time: Latter part of the night.
    • Place of Moksha: Pavapuri.
    • Posture at Moksha: Padmasana (crossed-leg posture).
    • Moksha Body Height: 4.67 Hast.
    • Austerity at Moksha: 64 bhakta.
    • Companions at Moksha: None.
    • Era at Moksha: End of the fourth era.
    • Time Remaining in Fourth Era at Moksha: 3 years and 8.5 months.
    • Yugantakrita Bhumi: Up to three men.
    • Prayayaantakrita Bhumi: After four years.
    • Period Remaining in Pūrva: Up to 1000 years.
    • Period of Dissolution of Pūrva: 20,000 years.
  • Uniqueness of his Tirth:
    • Absence of Certain Events: No Chakravartis, Vasudevas, Baladevas, or Prativasudevas appeared in his era.
    • Wonders in his Tirth: Embryo abduction, overcoming obstacles after Kevalgyan, upheavals by Chamar-Indra, arrival of Sun-Moon in their original abodes, etc.
    • Abhishekas at Birth: Detailed list of 250 types of divine beings and their numbers performing 1 crore 60 lakh Abhishek with 64,000 pitchers each.

The book serves as a comprehensive guide to understanding Bhagwan Vardhaman from his past lives to his final liberation, covering spiritual, biographical, and cosmological aspects within the Jain tradition.