Tirthankar 03 Sambhavnath Bhagwan Parichay

Here is a comprehensive summary in English of the provided Jain text, "Tirthankar 03 Sambhavnath Bhagwan Parichay" by Muni Shri Dipratnasagar:

This document is the third in a series titled "Tirthankar Parichay" (Introduction to Tirthankaras) and focuses on Lord Sambhavnath, the third Tirthankara of the current era in the Bharat Kshetra. The book compiles information on Lord Sambhavnath across 185 specific points or "dwaras".

The author, Muni Shri Dipratnasagar, a scholar with M.Com., M.Ed., and Ph.D. degrees, states that the primary source for this compilation is the "Saptatishatsthan Pravar" by Somatisuri. However, he has also consulted other important Jain scriptures and texts, including "Savachaka," "Avashyak Vritti," "Pravachan Saroddhar," "Tirthoddhalik Panjoli," "Shalaka Purusha Charitra," "Trishashna Purusha Charitra," "Samvaya Chaturthamasutra," and "Agam Kathanuyog."

Key aspects highlighted in the text include:

• Author's Background and Motivation: Muni Shri Dipratnasagar began contemplating this compilation around 2001 but was delayed due to extensive work on Agam Shastras. He felt more at ease to undertake this project after publishing his 561st book.
• Acknowledgement of Textual Variations: The author is transparent about the existence of variations in numbers and details across different scriptures regarding the counts of Ganadharas (chief disciples), Shramans (monks), Shramanis (nuns), etc. He cites examples of differing numbers for Ganadharas of Lord Ajit and Lord Sambhavnath, and variations in the total number of Ganadharas across texts. Similar variations are noted for the counts of Shravikas (female lay followers) and other disciples. This demonstrates a scholarly approach to the subject.
• Genealogy and Previous Lives:
  • Lord Sambhavnath's name is Sambhavnath.
  • He is the third Tirthankara of this era.
  • He had many past lives (implied by the detail of his journey to the Tirthankara name-karm bandh).
  • His significant past lives include being King Vipulvahan and a deity in the Sarvarthasiddhi Vimana.
  • His previous existence that led to the Tirthankara name-karm was in the Ramania Vijaya region of Purva Mahavideha on Jambudvipa, in the city of Shubhapur. His name in that life was Vipulbal, and he was a Mandlik Raja (regional king). His guru in that life was Sambhrant.
• Reasons for Tirthankara Name-Karm Bond: The book lists 20 specific qualities and practices that lead to the formation of the Tirthankara name-karm. These include devotion to Arihants, Siddhas, the Jain doctrine, elders, learned individuals, ascetics, constant spiritual awareness, unwavering faith, humility, adherence to vows and conduct, moments of equanimity, equanimity in penance, generosity, equanimity in service, receiving new knowledge, devotion to scriptures, and propagation of the faith.
• Descent and Birth:
  • He resided in the seventh Traivyakya heaven before his descent.
  • His lifespan in that heaven was 29 sagaropama (eons).
  • His conception (Chyavan) occurred on Fagun Sud 5 (Gujarati) / Phalgun Sud 8 (Classical), under the Mrugshirsha nakshatra (constellation) in the Mithuna (Gemini) rashi (zodiac sign), during midnight.
  • His mother, Senadevi, saw 14 auspicious dreams upon his conception, including an elephant, a bull, a lion, Lakshmi, a garland of flowers, the moon, the sun, a flag, a full pitcher, a lotus pond, an ocean of milk, a divine abode, a heap of jewels, and a fire without smoke. The interpretation of these dreams was done by his father and dream interpreters.
  • Unlike some other Tirthankaras, his conception was not interrupted ("garbh sanharan" did not occur).
  • He was in his mother's womb for 9 months and 6 days.
  • His birth occurred in the northern half of the fourth era, with 42,000 years, 60 lakh purva (a unit of time), 3 years, and 8.5 months remaining in that era.
  • He was born in the city of Shravati in the Kunal Desha.
  • At the time of his birth, 8 Dikumaris (directional celestial maidens) from each of the lower, upper, and intermediate directions arrived to perform purification rituals and adorn the divine infant.
  • His birth bath (Janmabhishek) took place on the Atipandukambal Shila south of the Pandukvan forest.
• Divine Reception and Parents:
  • 64 Indras (celestial kings) attended his birth, including 10 from the 12 Kalpa heavens, 2 from Jyotishka (luminous beings), 20 from Bhavanapati (terrestrial celestial beings), and 32 from Vyantara (interstitial celestial beings).
  • Their duties included creating a divine reflection, adorning him, bathing him with 1008 pots of water, anointing him with sandalwood, worshipping his body with flowers, dressing him, placing him in his mother's arms with divine nectar, showering gold coins, and making proclamations.
  • His mother was Senadevi, and his father was Raja Jitarí.
  • His father attained salvation in the Ishaan Devlok.
• Physical and Temporal Attributes:
  • His Gotra is Kashyapa, and his Vansh (lineage) is Ikshvaku.
  • His Lanchhan (emblem) is a Horse.
  • His name, "Sambhavnath," means "one from whom there is a possibility" or "one who brings about the possibility," attributed to the auspicious events surrounding his conception and the abundance of grain on Earth.
  • He did not have a divine hood (Phana) on his head.
  • His body possessed 1008 auspicious marks.
  • His Samghayan (bone structure) was Anuttara Vajra Rishbhanaaraach, and his Sansthan (body posture) was Anuttara Samachaturasra.
  • He possessed Mati, Shrut, and Avadhi Jnana even as a householder.
  • His complexion was golden (Kanchan).
  • His strength was infinite (Anantbal), far surpassing that of Chakravartis and Vasudevas.
  • His height was 400 Dhanush (an ancient measure) using different angulas (finger widths).
  • He was sustained by divine nectar in childhood, followed by specially prepared food.
• Householder Life:
  • He was married.
  • He engaged in worldly pleasures only with his wife.
  • His princely life lasted 15 lakh purva, and his reign as a king (Mandlik Raja, not Chakravarti) was 44 lakh purva and 4 purvaga.
• Renunciation and Enlightenment:
  • He attained enlightenment (Bodha) naturally, without external prompting.
  • Lokantik Devas (gods from the end of the universe) appeared to inform him of the auspicious time for renunciation.
  • He performed immense charitable acts (Vardaan) of 1 crore 8 lakh gold coins daily, totaling 388 crore 80 lakh annually, from sunrise to noon.
  • His initiation occurred on Magshar Sud 15 (Gujarati) / Magshar Sud 15 (Classical), under the Mrugshirsha nakshatra in the Mithuna rashi, during the afternoon.
  • He observed a "Chhath" (fast for six days) penance at the time of his renunciation.
  • He renounced worldly life at an advanced age, after enjoying his kingdom.
  • He left for renunciation from Shravasti, along with 1000 men.
  • He renounced wearing Tirthankara attire and did not leave in any other specific attire.
  • The forest where he renounced was Sahastram Van, under an Ashoka tree.
  • He performed five handfuls of hair-pulling (munching).
  • Upon renunciation, he attained Manahparyavagyan (mind-reading knowledge).
  • Indra placed divine garments on his shoulders, which remained for some time.
  • His first Parana (breaking of fast) was with Paramanna (sweet rice pudding) on the next day in Shravasti, and the donor was Surendradatta.
• Spiritual Teachings and Disciples:
  • He imparted valuable teachings and established the Jain Sangha.
  • His first Ganadhara was Charu.
  • The number of disciples included 2,00,000 monks, 3,36,000 nuns, 2,93,000 lay followers (Shravakas), and 6,36,000 lay followers (Shravikas).
  • He had 15,000 Kevalis (fully enlightened beings), 12,150 Manahparyavagyanis, 9,600 Avadhijnanis (clairvoyants), and 2,150 Chaturdharis (knowledgeable in all 14 purvas).
  • He also had 19,800 Vaikriyadhara (beings with supernatural powers), 12,000 Vadimunís (debating monks), and 1,29,198 ordinary monks.
  • The text lists the count of Uttara-grah (specific monastic rules) as 2,00,000.
  • He had four Mahavratas (great vows) for monks and twelve vows for lay followers.
  • He possessed three types of conduct: Samayik (equanimity), Sukshma Samparay (subtle attachment), and Yathakhyat (perfect conduct).
  • He expounded on nine elements (Jiva etc.) or three principles (Deva, Guru, Dharma).
  • He explained four types of Samayika and two types of Pratikkraman (atonement).
• Omniscience and Nirvana:
  • He remained in the state of Chhadmastha (having himited knowledge) for 14 years.
  • He attained Kevala Jnana (omniscience) on Aaso Vad 5 (Gujarati) / Kartik Vad 5 (Classical), under the Mrugshirsha nakshatra in the Mithuna rashi, during the morning.
  • His omniscience occurred in Shravasti, in Sahastram Van, under a Shal tree.
  • The Keval Jnana tree was 12 times the height of the Lord (4800 Dhanush).
  • During Kevala Jnana, he observed the Chhathbhakta (fast for six days) penance.
  • He possessed 34 types of Atishayas (supernatural powers), with 4 at birth, 19 bestowed by gods, and 11 upon the destruction of Karma. He also had 35 qualities of speech.
  • He manifested the eight Pratiharyas (divine attributes), including the Ashok tree, colorful flower showers, divine sound, white chamaras (fly whisks), a throne, a halo, a drum sound, and parasols.
  • He was free from 18 defects, including the five obstacles, aversion, fear, ignorance, sleep, lack of restraint, desire for sensual pleasures, laughter, sorrow, hatred, false belief, attachment, displeasure, pleasure, etc.
  • The Jain Tirtha (spiritual order) was established during his first sermon.
  • His Tirtha did not experience a break in continuity until Lord Abhinandan.
  • No Chakravartis (universal emperors), Vasudevas, Baladevas, or Prati-Vasudevas appeared during his era.
• Liberation (Moksha):
  • He attained Moksha (liberation) on Chaitra Sud 5 (Gujarati) / Chaitra Sud 5 (Classical), under the Adra nakshatra in the Mithuna rashi, during the afternoon.
  • He achieved liberation from Sammet Shikhar (Mount Shikhar).
  • His posture at the time of liberation was Kayotsarga (standing meditation).
  • His height upon liberation was 266.67 Dhanush.
  • He observed Masakshaman (fast until the end of the month) at the time of his liberation.
  • 1000 souls attained liberation with him.
  • The era at the time of his liberation was the latter half of the fourth era.
  • His departure to liberation occurred 42,000 years ago, with 20 lakh crore sagaropama and 89 half-months remaining in the fourth era.

The book concludes with the author's contact information and a brief mention of his extensive publishing work. Overall, the document provides a detailed biographical and spiritual account of Lord Sambhavnath, drawing from various authoritative Jain texts.