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Tirthankar 02 Ajitnath Bhagwan Parichay

Added to library: September 2, 2025

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First page of Tirthankar 02 Ajitnath Bhagwan Parichay

Summary

This is a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Tirthankar 02 Ajitnath Bhagwan Parichay" by Muni Shri Dipratnasagar, based on the provided pages:

Book Overview:

  • Title: Tirthankar 02 Ajitnath Bhagwan Parichay (Introduction to Tirthankar Ajitnath, the 2nd Tirthankar)
  • Author: Muni Shri Dipratnasagar (M.Com., M.Ed., Ph.D., BhutamaHarshi)
  • Publisher: Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar
  • Content: The book presents detailed information about the 2nd Tirthankar, Lord Ajitnath, of the current time cycle (Chovisi) in Bharatkshetra. It is structured into 185 "doors" or topics. The author also mentions having presented information on 23 other Tirthankars in similar formats.
  • Source Literature: The information is compiled from various ancient Jain scriptures and texts, including:
    • "Saptatishathsthan Pravar" by Somatisuri
    • "Savachaka" Nikit
    • "Mavashya" Vritti
    • "Pravan Sarau"
    • "Titthania ParfUMal"
    • "Shikshishabhalapurush" Charitra
    • "235annamdapurush" Charich
    • "Samavay Chaturtha-masutra"
    • Agam-Kathanuyog and other scriptures.
  • Compilation History: The idea for this booklet originated around 2001, but due to the author's extensive work on Agam Shastras, it was delayed. It became possible to complete after the publication of his 561st book. "Saptatishathsthan Pravar" forms the foundation, but the author has also incorporated details from other texts and omitted some points from the foundational text as deemed necessary.

Important Note on Textual Variations (Page 4):

The author emphasizes that while "Saptatishathsthan Pravar" is the primary source, not all numerical data presented can be considered absolutely immutable or universally agreed upon across all Jain scriptures. Differences in numbers for Ganadharas (disciples), Shramans (monks), Shramanis (nuns), etc., are noted. For example:

  • The number of Ganadharas for Lord Ajitnath is stated as 95 here, but 90 in "Samavay" Sutra.
  • Similar discrepancies are mentioned for Lord Sambhavnath and Lord Suvidhinath regarding their Ganadharas.
  • Total numbers of Ganadharas also vary across texts (1452, 1448, 1434).
  • Variations are also found in numbers of Shravikas (female devotees) and Shramanis.
  • Even details like the date of initiation, attainment of omniscience, and periods related to Lord Mallinath have textual variations within Agamas, acknowledged by commentators. The author mentions having noted these variations in his "Agam Kathanuyog."

Key Information about Lord Ajitnath (Selected Doors):

The following is a summary of some of the key details about Lord Ajitnath presented in the "doors" (topics):

  • Name: Ajitnath
  • Position in Chovisi: Second
  • Previous Lives leading to Tirthankar-hood: Three significant lives are mentioned:
    1. King Vimalvahan
    2. A celestial being in Anuttar Viman (a celestial abode)
    3. Lord Ajitnath himself
  • Birthplace:
    • Continent: Jambu-dvipa
    • Region: Purva Mahavideh
    • Area: Vatsavijay
    • City: Susima
  • Previous Life's Name: Vimalvahan
  • Reasons for Tirthankar-nama Karma (20 factors listed): Affection for Arihants, Siddhas, Pravachan (Jain teachings), Gurus, Sthaviras (senior monks), Bahushrut (learned monks), ascetics, constant use of knowledge, non-violating conduct of faith, humility, observance of duties, non-violating vows, non-violating observances, momentary equanimity, ascetic equanimity, renunciation equanimity, service equanimity, acquiring unique knowledge, devotion to scriptures, propagation of teachings.
  • Previous Life's Knowledge: Eleven Angas (parts of Jain scriptures).
  • Previous Life's Abode: Anuttar Viman.
  • Previous Life's Lifespan: 33 sagaropam (a very long period of time).
  • Descent into Mother's Womb (Chyavan):
    • Astrological Month/Day: Vaishakh Sud 13
    • Constellation: Rohini
    • Zodiac Sign: Taurus (Vrishabh)
    • Time: Midnight
  • Mother's Dreams upon Conception: 14 auspicious dreams were seen by his mother, Vijaya Devi (these include an elephant, bull, lion, Lakshmi, flower garland, moon, sun, flag, full pitcher, lotus pond, ocean of milk, celestial vehicle, pile of jewels, and a purifying fire). A note clarifies that while the sequence of 14 dreams is generally consistent for Tirthankaras, the very first dream of a bull was specific to Lord Rishabhdev's mother.
  • Interpretation of Dreams: By the father and a dream interpreter.
  • Garbha Sanharan (Conception Retention): This event did not occur for Lord Ajitnath.
  • Mother's Womb Appearance: Her abdomen did not change shape due to the conception being concealed.
  • Mother's Name: Vijaya Devi.
  • Vow in the Womb: None.
  • Duration in Womb: 8 months, 25 days.
  • Birth Constellation: Rohini.
  • Birth Astrological Month/Day: Maha Sud 8.
  • Birth Zodiac Sign: Taurus (Vrishabh).
  • Birth Time: Midnight.
  • Era at Birth: Middle of the 4th era.
  • Time Remaining in 4th Era at Birth: 42,000 years less than 50 lakh crore sagaropam and 72 lakh Purva, 3 years, and 8.5 months remaining.
  • Birthplace (Detailed): City of Ayodhya in the Koshala country.
  • Divine Maidens (Dik Kumaris) at Birth: 56 Dik Kumaris arrive from various directions and perform specific tasks like constructing the delivery room, purifying the ground, sprinkling fragrant water and flowers, holding mirrors, fanning, holding chowries, holding pitchers, lighting lamps, and performing post-natal rituals.
  • Birth Ablution Site: On the Adipandukambal Shila, south of Pandukvan.
  • Gods (Indras) Present at Birth: 64 Indras from various celestial realms (12 Kalpa Indras, 2 Jyotish Indras, 20 Bhavanpati Indras, 32 Vyantar Indras).
  • Activities of Indras at Birth: Creating a reflection, performing ablutions with 1008 pitchers, applying fragrant sandalwood, performing Anga-puja (worship of the body) with flowers, dressing the child, adorning with jewels, sprinkling nectar on the child's fingers, placing the child with the mother, showering 32 crore gold coins, and making proclamations.
  • Parents: Mother Vijaya Devi, Father King Jitshatru.
  • Species: Male.
  • Mother's Final Destination: Moksha (liberation).
  • Father's Final Destination: Ishan celestial abode.
  • Gotra: Kashyap.
  • Dynasty: Ikshvaku.
  • Symbol (Lanchhan): Elephant.
  • Meaning of Name "Ajit": Unconquered by passions (ragadi). Also, the king was called Ajit because he couldn't defeat his queen in a dice game due to the embryo's influence.
  • Physical Features:
    • Head Crest (Phana): No.
    • Body Features: Excellent, possessing 1008 auspicious marks.
    • Sanghanan (Bone Structure): Vajrasan, indicating extreme strength.
    • Sansthan (Body Posture): Samachatursra (perfectly square and balanced).
    • Height (Utsadhagul): 450 Dhanush (a unit of measurement).
    • Height (Atmagul): 120 Angul (finger widths).
    • Height (Pramanagul): 108 Angul.
    • Complexion: Golden (Kanchana).
    • Beauty: Supreme, radiant, even all gods together cannot match the luster of his little toe.
    • Strength: Infinite strength (far surpassing Vasudevas and Chakravartis).
  • Diet: Nectar from the thumb in infancy, later specific grains.
  • Marriage: Married.
  • Sensual Enjoyment: With his own wife.
  • Princely Life Duration: 18 lakh Purva.
  • Reign Duration: 53 lakh Purva, 1 Purvagra (part of a Purva).
  • Status: Mandalik Raja (regional king), not a Chakravarti.
  • Path to Enlightenment: Self-enlightened (Svayambuddha).
  • Initiation Ceremony:
    • Announcement: Lokantik Devtas (celestial beings who reside at the end of the universe) like Archi, Archimali, Vairochan inform him of the opportune time for initiation.
    • Daily Charity: 1 crore 8 lakh gold coins.
    • Annual Charity: 388 crore 80 lakh gold coins.
    • Time for Charity: From sunrise to noon.
    • Initiation Date: Maha Sud 9.
    • Initiation Constellation: Rohini.
    • Initiation Zodiac Sign: Taurus (Vrishabh).
    • Initiation Time: Afternoon.
    • Ascetic Practices at Initiation: Fasting (Chhathh ka Tap).
    • Age at Initiation: Later age, after enjoying his kingdom.
    • Palanquin Name: Suprabha.
    • Number of Initiates with Him: 1000 men.
    • Manner of Leaving: In the Tirthankar-linga, not any other form or impure form.
    • City of Departure: Ayodhya.
    • Forest of Initiation: Sahasram Van.
    • Tree at Initiation: Ashoka tree.
    • Hair Plucking: Five handfuls (Mushti).
    • Knowledge Gained at Initiation: Manahparyav-jnana (knowledge of others' minds).
    • Divine Garments (Devadushya): Placed on his shoulders by Indra.
    • Duration of Divine Garments: One year, or according to another account, for a lifetime.
    • First Alms: Paramanna (Kheer/rice pudding).
    • Time of First Alms: The next day.
    • Place of First Alms: Ayodhya.
    • First Alms Giver: Brahmadata.
    • Destination of First Alms Giver: Moksha in the same life or the third life.
    • Divine Occurrences at First Alms: Proclamation "Aho Daan" (Oh, what a donation!), divine musical instruments, showers of gold coins, fragrant water and flower showers, and showers of garments.
    • Amount of Gold Showered: Twelve and a half crore gold coins.
  • Period as Pseudo-Omniscient (Chhadmastha): 12 years.
  • Attainment of Omniscience (Kevalajnana):
    • Date: Posh Sud 11.
    • Constellation: Rohini.
    • Zodiac Sign: Taurus (Vrishabh).
    • Time: Forenoon.
    • Place: Ayodhya.
    • Forest: Sahasram Van.
    • Tree: Saptaparna (seven-leaved tree).
    • Height of the Tree: 12 times the height of Lord's body (5400 Dhanush).
    • Ascetic Practice at Kevalajnana: Chhathhbhakta (fasting for six days).
  • Thirty-four Special Qualities (Atishayas): 4 at birth, 19 created by gods, 11 after the destruction of Karmic obscurations.
  • Thirty-five Qualities of Speech: Mentioned to be detailed in other texts (e.g., Sanskrit speech).
  • Eight Supreme Attributes (Pratiharyas): Ashoka tree, shower of auspicious flowers, divine sound, white chowri, divine throne, halo, kettle drum sound, royal umbrella.
  • Temple Tree (Chaitya Vriksha): 5400 Dhanush (height of the Ashoka tree).
  • Freedom from 18 Defects: The Lord is free from the 18 defects listed (obstacles to charity, gain, energy, enjoyment, consumption; disgust, fear, ignorance, sleep, non-restraint, desire for sensual pleasures, laughter, sorrow, hatred, false faith, attachment, displeasure, joy, etc.).
  • Establishment of the Order (Tirtha Utpatti): In the first Samavasarana (divine assembly).
  • Duration of Lord's Teaching Period: Until the time of Lord Sambhavnath.
  • No Interruption in the Order: There was no break in his lineage.
  • Key Followers:
    • First Ganadhar: Sinhsen.
    • First Sadhvi: Phaguni.
    • First Shravak/Shravika: Information unavailable.
    • Chief Devotee King: Sagara Chakravarti.
    • Yaksha: Mahayanksha.
    • Yakshini: Ajita.
    • Ganadharas: 95.
    • Sadhus: 1,00,000.
    • Sadhvis: 3,30,000.
    • Shravakas: 2,98,000.
    • Shravikas: 5,45,000.
    • Kevalins (Omniscient beings): 20,000 (or 22,000).
    • Manahparyav Gyani: 12,500 (or 12,650).
    • Avadhi Gyani: 19,400.
    • Chaud Purvis (Masters of 14 Purvas): 3,720.
    • Vaikriyalabdhidhar (Those with illusory powers): 20,400.
    • Vadimuni (Debating Monks): 12,400.
    • General Munis: 21,485.
  • Monastic Rules: Four Mahavratas (Great Vows).
  • Lay Devotee Vows: Twelve Vows.
  • Types of Conduct (Charitra): Samayik, Sukshma Samparay, Yathaakhyat.
  • Number of Elements (Tattvas): Nine (Jiva, etc.) or three (Dev, Guru, Dharma).
  • Types of Samayik: Four (Samyakta, Shruta, Deshvirati, Sarvavirati).
  • Types of Pratikraman: Two (Rai, Devasik).
  • Monastic Practices: Adherence to conduct is easy to understand and follow.
  • Monks' Nature: Straightforward and wise.
  • Dharma (Teachings): Two types: Anagar (ascetic) and Agar (householder), or Shruta Charitra.
  • Monks' Garments: Any color, any size.
  • Duration of Householder Life: 71 lakh Purva and 1 Purvagra.
  • Total Lifespan: 72 lakh Purva.
  • Endurance of Hardships: Endured heat, cold, hunger, thirst, etc., in a proper manner.
  • Final Destination: Moksha (Siddhi Gati), with eternal and unobstructed happiness.
  • Last Rites: Cremation (not burial etc.).
  • Liberation (Moksha):
    • Date: Chaitra Sud 5.
    • Constellation: Mrigashirsha.
    • Zodiac Sign: Taurus (Vrishabh).
    • Time: Forenoon.
    • Location: Samet Shikharji (Samet Parvat).
    • Posture: Kayotsarg (standing in meditation).
    • Height in Moksha: 300 Dhanush.
    • Ascetic Practice at Moksha: Month-long fast (Masakshaman).
    • Number Liberated with Him: 1000.
    • Era at Moksha: Middle of the 4th era.
    • Time Remaining in 4th Era at Moksha: 42,000 years less than 50 lakh crore sagaropam and 89 Paksha (half-months).
  • Yugantakrut Bhumi: Up to a countable number of men.
  • Paryayantakrut Bhumi: One day, etc.
  • Duration in Previous Ages: Innumerable, then a break after innumerable time.
  • Interval between Tirthankaras: After Lord Ajitnath, 30 lakh crore sagaropam passed before Lord Sambhavnath attained Nirvana.
  • Notable Events in His Period: No specific wonders are mentioned.
  • Notable Individuals in His Period:
    • Chakravarti: Sagara Chakravarti.
    • Vasudev: None.
    • Baldev: None.
    • Prativasudev: None.
  • 250 Types of Ablutions at Birth: A detailed list of celestial beings performing specific ablutions, totaling 1 crore 60 lakh ablutions using 64,000 pitchers each.

About the Author:

Muni Shri Dipratnasagarji Maharaj is a prolific Jain scholar and writer, having authored over 585 books, 5 DVDs, and presented 11 machines over 32 years in 5 languages, covering over 1,30,000 pages.

This summary covers the core information presented in the provided pages, offering a detailed overview of Lord Ajitnath's life, lineage, teachings, and the context of this biographical work.