Tattvya Nyaya Vibhakar Part 01

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Tattvya Nyaya Vibhakar Part 01" by Labdhisuri, Bhadrankarvijay, published by Labdhi Bhuvan Jain Sahitya Sadan, based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Tattvya Nyaya Vibhakar Part 01 (तत्त्वन्यायविभाकर भाग १) Author: Pujya Acharya Bhagwant Shrimad Vijay Labdhisurishwarji Maharaj (assembled/authored) Translator: P.P. Panyasji Maharaj Shri Bhadrankarvijayji Ganivar (translator and assistant) Publisher: Shri Labdhi Bhuvan Jain Sahitya Sadan

Overall Purpose:

This book, "Tattvya Nyaya Vibhakar," aims to illuminate the path to true knowledge (Samyag Jnana) which is presented as the nectar of peace in the cycle of suffering (Sansar). This knowledge acts as a guiding light in times of adversity and prosperity, joy and sorrow, helping one to endure appropriately. The first part, titled "Samyak Shraddha" (Right Faith), focuses on the foundational principles of Jain philosophy.

Key Sections and Concepts Introduced in Part 1 (Samyak Shraddha):

The book is structured into various "Kirans" (rays or chapters), with Part 1 focusing on "Samyak Shraddha" (Right Faith). The primary goal is to present the essence of Jain teachings in a clear and accessible manner.

1. Introduction and Praise:

• The book begins with a dedication to the spiritual lineage and a praise of Lord Jinendra, the Tirthankaras, and the authors.
• It highlights the importance of Samyag Jnana as a source of peace and guidance in life.
• The publisher expresses joy in presenting this work, fulfilling a long-held desire to publish the works of the revered Acharya Vijay Labdhisurishwarji Maharaj.

2. The "Tattvya Nyaya Vibhakar" – A Sun of Knowledge:

• The title itself signifies its purpose: to spread light on "Tattva" (Truths/Principles) and "Nyaya" (Logic/Reasoning).
• The author, Acharya Vijay Labdhisurishwarji, created this work as an elaboration on the "Tattvartha Sutra," catering to a broader audience.
• The work is divided into three main parts: Knowledge (Jnana), Perception (Darshan), and Conduct (Charitra).
• The first two parts (Knowledge and Perception) are further divided into 10 "Kirans" each, while the third part (Conduct) is divided into three.

3. Part 1: Samyak Shraddha (Right Faith):

• The Three Pillars of Liberation: The text emphasizes that "Samyak Shraddha" (Right Faith), "Samyak Sanvit" (Right Knowledge), and "Samyak Charitra" (Right Conduct) are the means to liberation (Mukti).
• Definition of Samyak Shraddha: It is defined as having faith and conviction in the truths (Jiva, Ajiva, etc.) as taught by the Jinas.
• The Nine Tattvas: The fundamental principles of Jainism are presented as the Nine Tattvas:
  • Jiva (Soul)
  • Ajiva (Non-soul)
  • Puṇya (Merit)
  • Pāpa (Demerit)
  • Āśrava (Influx of karma)
  • Saṃvara (Stoppage of karma)
  • Nirjarā (Shedding of karma)
  • Bandha (Bondage of karma)
  • Mokṣa (Liberation)
• The Six Dravyastikas (Substances): The text details the classification of reality into six fundamental substances:
  • Jiva (Soul)
  • Pudgala (Matter)
  • Dharma (Principle of motion)
  • Adharma (Principle of rest)
  • Akasha (Space)
  • Kala (Time)
  • The text asserts that all other worldly substances (like earth, water, fire, air) are included within these six.
• Detailed Elaboration on Karma: A significant portion of the text delves into the intricacies of Karma, describing the 42 types of merit-making karmas (Puṇya) and the 82 types of demerit-making karmas (Pāpa). This includes extensive lists of specific karmic classifications, their causes, and their effects.
  • Puṇya (Merit): Lists various types of positive karmas associated with pleasant experiences, auspicious qualities, and favorable destinies.
  • Pāpa (Demerit): Lists various types of negative karmas associated with suffering, unfavorable qualities, and unfavorable destinies.
  • Āśrava (Influx): Details the 42 types of influx of karma, categorized by senses, passions, yoga, and activities.
  • Saṃvara (Stoppage): Explains the 57 types of stoppage of karma through the practice of restraint, self-control, virtues, and contemplation.
  • Nirjarā (Shedding): Outlines the 12 types of shedding of karma through austerities (both external and internal).
  • Bandha (Bondage): Describes the four types of bondage of karma: Prakṛti (nature), Sthiti (duration), Rasa (intensity), and Pradeśa (quantity).
  • Mokṣa (Liberation): Briefly mentions that Moksha is understood through various perspectives such as realization of truth, quantity of substance, space, touch, time, interval, quantity, quality, and extent of karma.

4. The Author's Unique Approach and Qualities:

• Exceptional Memory: The author is described as possessing an extraordinary memory, capable of composing the entire work without consulting external texts, often dictating it at night.
• Scholarly Foundation: The author's works are rooted in a deep understanding of Jain scriptures and are characterized by originality in presentation and compilation, not by introducing new doctrines.
• Personal Qualities: The author's character is highlighted as being influenced by his gurus, possessing a powerful oratory skill, a deep connection with scriptures through study and contemplation, natural simplicity, and poetic talent.
• Addressing Criticism: The book addresses criticisms from some scholars regarding the phrasing of the initial sutra, clarifying the author's intent and providing scriptural backing.

5. The Translator's Contribution:

• Dedication and Skill: The translator, Panyas Shri Bhadrankarvijayji, is praised for his immense effort in translating the original Sanskrit text into Gujarati. His previous work in translating "Lalitavistara" attests to his scholarly abilities.
• Deep Connection: The translator has a deep personal connection to the original text, having learned it from the author and memorized the entire work.
• Making Knowledge Accessible: The translation aims to make the profound philosophical concepts of the original work accessible to the Gujarati-speaking audience, thereby propagating the message of Samyag Jnana.

Structure and Content:

The text is organized into chapters (Kirans) that systematically explain the Jain philosophy. The content includes:

• Detailed Classification: Extensive lists and classifications of karmas, tattvas, conduct, austerities, etc., are provided.
• Scriptural Basis: The explanations are grounded in the teachings of the Jinas and the traditions of the Jain scholars.
• Logical Reasoning (Nyaya): The "Nyaya" aspect of the title suggests an emphasis on logical arguments and justifications for the presented principles.
• In-depth Explanation: Each concept is elaborated with its definitions, subdivisions, and characteristics, often referencing other Jain texts and concepts.

Significance:

"Tattvya Nyaya Vibhakar" is presented as a crucial text for understanding the core tenets of Jainism, particularly concerning right faith, knowledge, and conduct. It serves as a valuable resource for scholars and devotees seeking a deeper comprehension of Jain philosophy. The first part, "Samyak Shraddha," lays the groundwork for understanding the path to spiritual liberation.