Swopagnyashabda Maharnavnyas Bruhannyasa Part 3 2 3 - Book Summary

Here is a comprehensive summary of the provided Jain text, "Swopagnyashabda Maharnavnyas Bruhannyasa Part 3 2 3," focusing on the content of the provided pages (pages 1-12):

Book Title: Swopagnyashabda Maharnavnyas Bruhannyasa Part 3 2 3 Author(s): Hemchandracharya, Lavanyasuri Publisher: Jain Granth Prakashak Sabha Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/008412/1

General Overview:

This text is the third part of a commentary (Vyakhya) called "Swopagnyashabda Maharnavnyas Bruhannyasa" on Hemchandracharya's renowned Sanskrit grammar, "Shri Siddha-Hema-Chandrashabd-Anushasanam." The provided pages (pages 1-12) specifically cover the second and third pādas (sections) of the third Adhyāya (chapter) of this commentary. The commentary itself is a "Vrihadvritti" (extensive commentary) named "Tattva Prakashika."

The grammar text being commented upon is "Shri Siddha-Hema-Chandrashabd-Anushasanam," authored by the renowned Jain scholar and ascetic, Shri Hemchandracharya. This specific part of the commentary is dedicated to elucidating grammatical rules related to specific semantic and structural formations in Sanskrit, as explained by the revered Acharya Shri Vijay Lavanyasurishwarji.

Key Content and Themes (Pages 1-12):

The primary focus of these pages is the detailed explanation and analysis of specific grammatical rules from the third chapter of Hemchandracharya's grammar, along with the commentary's "Nyasa" (annotation) and "Anusandhanam" (follow-up/elaboration). Based on the sutras discussed, the content revolves around Avyayi-bhava Samāsa (indeclinable compound) and related grammatical phenomena.

Here's a breakdown of the key sutras and their explained concepts:

Sutra 3.2.1 (परस्परादीनामपुंसि स्यादेर्वा पुंसि ॥ ३, २. १ ॥): This sutra deals with the interchangeability of the suffix 'syāt' (स्यात्) in certain pronoun-like words (paraspara, anyonya, itaretara - meaning "each other," "one another") when used in the feminine or neuter gender, with the possibility of using the masculine form as well. The commentary elaborates on the usage of these words in various cases, providing examples and discussing the nuances of their application, particularly in relation to verb conjugation and grammatical agreement. It also touches upon rules regarding the placement of words (pūrvanipāta) in compounds, citing examples from classical literature like the Shishupala Vadha. The discussion highlights the intricate details of Sanskrit morphology, including the role of case endings and the concept of "karma-vyatīhāra" (reciprocal action).
Sutra 3.2.2 (अमव्ययीभावस्यातोऽपञ्चम्याः । ३. २. २ ॥): This sutra discusses the application of the suffix 'am' (अम्) in Avyayi-bhava compounds (indeclinable compounds) that end in 'a' (आकारान्त). It also introduces an exception: this rule does not apply when the fifth case (pañchamī vibhakti) is involved. The commentary explains the purpose of specifying "avyayībhāvasya" (of the Avyayi-bhava compound) and "ataḥ" (from 'a'), and the exception "apanchamyāḥ" (excluding the fifth case). Examples like "upakumbha" (near the pot) are used to illustrate the rules for various cases.
Sutra 3.2.3 (वा तृतीयायाः । ३. २. ३ ॥): This sutra states that when an Avyayībhāva compound is connected with the third case (tṛtīyā vibhakti), the suffix 'am' (अम्) can be optionally applied. The commentary explains the interrelation with the previous sutra, where the rule for the fifth case was excluded, making the third case a point of optional application.
Sutra 3.2.4 (सप्तम्या वा । ३. २. ४ ॥): Similar to the previous sutra, this one deals with the optional application of the suffix 'am' (अम्) when an Avyayībhāva compound is connected with the seventh case (saptamī vibhakti). The commentary elaborates on why this rule is presented separately, emphasizing its application for cases other than the fifth, and explaining the structure and meaning of the examples provided.
Sutra 3.2.5 (ऋद्ध-नदी-वंश्यस्य । ३.२.५॥): This sutra addresses the application of the suffix 'am' (अम्) in Avyayībhāva compounds that are related to "ṛddha" (prosperous), "nadī" (river), or "vaṁśya" (related to lineage or dynasty). It explains how these relate to the seventh case and the conditions under which the 'am' suffix is applied. The commentary provides examples such as "sumagdha" (prosperous Magadha), "unmattaganga" (Ganga river which is wild/turbulent), and "ekavimshatibharadvājam" (referring to twenty-one Bharadvaja individuals). It also delves into the specific grammatical contexts and derivations for these examples.
Sutra 3.2.6 (अनतो लुप् । ३. २. ६ ॥): This sutra introduces the rule of "luk" (elision/dropping) of the suffix 'syāt' (स्यात्) in Avyayībhāva compounds, with an exception for words ending in 'a' (अकारान्त). The commentary clarifies the meaning of "anat" (not ending in 'a') and "luk" (elision), and provides examples of when this elision occurs and when it is avoided, contrasting it with cases where the 'am' suffix is applied.

Editorial and Publication Information:

Sponsorship: The publication is supported by the "Shri Sabarmati Jain Aradhana Bhavan Trust" and inspired by Sadhvi Shri Jayvantashriji.
Coordinator: Shah Babulal Saramal Bedawala.
Publication Year: Vikram Samvat 2065 (corresponding to 2009 CE).
Series: Shri Vijay Nemisurishwar Granth Mala, Ratna 65.
Significance: The text emphasizes the value and relevance of Shri Siddha-Hema-Chandrashabd-Anushasanam and the extensive nature of the commentary by Acharya Shri Vijay Lavanyasurishwarji. The preface acknowledges the completion of printing parts of the commentary and the efforts to publish the remaining chapters quickly. It also notes that the author, Acharya Shri Vijay Lavanyasurishwarji, continued this work despite personal health challenges, highlighting his dedication to knowledge dissemination.

Overall Purpose:

The provided pages offer a deep dive into specific Sanskrit grammatical rules within the context of Jain philosophy's scholarly tradition. The commentary aims to clarify complex linguistic concepts, providing detailed explanations and examples to aid students and scholars in understanding Hemchandracharya's seminal work on grammar. The emphasis is on accurate and exhaustive explanation, characteristic of traditional Sanskrit commentaries.