Shravak Dharm Vidhi Prakaran - Book Summary

This Jain text, "Shravak Dharm Vidhi Prakaran" authored by Rajshekharsuri, is a commentary (Vritti) on the original work by Acharya Shri Haribhadrasuri and the commentary by Acharya Shri Maandevsurishvara. Published by Shri Velji Depar Haraniya Jain Dharmik Trust, this book delves into the principles and practices of lay Jainism (Shravak Dharma).

Here's a comprehensive summary based on the provided pages:

Core Purpose: The book aims to explain the duties and conduct expected of a lay Jain follower (Shravak). It clarifies the essence of Shravak Dharma, which is rooted in right faith (Samaktva) and adherence to Jain principles.

Key Concepts and Structure:

The text systematically outlines the Shravak Dharma, covering:

Mangala (Auspiciousness) and Introduction: It begins with auspicious invocations and explains the necessity of including the fourfold auspicious elements (Mangala, connection to the scripture, the subject matter, and the purpose) at the beginning of any religious treatise. This practice is followed by the author to ensure the smooth completion of the work and to inspire the readers.
Definition and Essence of Shravak:
- The term "Shravak" is derived from "Shravan" (to listen). However, it's not just about listening but listening to Jinavachan (teachings of the Jinas) with appropriate attention and understanding.
- A true Shravak is one who is inclined towards the welfare of the soul (paraloka hit), listens to the teachings of the Jinas, and is characterized by the reduction of intense karma.
- The text emphasizes that simply listening does not make one a Shravak; it requires the attainment of Samyaktva (right faith) and the practice of specific vows.
The Role of the Qualified Individual (Adhikari): The book stresses that religious practices should be undertaken only by qualified individuals. The text outlines the characteristics of an 'Adhikari' which include being purposeful (Arthhi), capable (Samarth), and not prohibited by scripture (Sutrapraatikushto). This qualification is essential for reaping the benefits of religious practices.
The Twelve Vows of a Shravak: The text details the twelve vows (Anuvratas and Guna Vratas) that a Shravak undertakes. These vows are considered the foundation of lay Jain practice. The text elaborates on:
- The Five Anuvratas (Minor Vows): These are the fundamental vows that laypeople take to limit harmful activities. The text likely details each of these.
- The Three Guna Vratas (Augmenting Vows): These vows are taken to enhance the observance of the Anuvratas.
- The Four Shiksha Vratas (Training Vows): These are intermediate vows taken to train for stricter practices.
Samaktva (Right Faith) as the Foundation: The text highlights that Samaktva is the root of all Jain practices. It describes Samaktva as having three forms: Kshayika (due to the destruction of deluding karma), Aupashamika (due to the suppression of deluding karma), and Kshayoapashamika (due to the partial destruction and suppression of deluding karma). The text explains how Samaktva is attained and its importance.
Ethical Conduct and Principles:
- Renunciation of Mithyatva (False Belief): A significant portion is dedicated to explaining and renouncing Mithyatva. This includes avoiding association with those holding false beliefs, not approving of their practices, and abstaining from any actions that support them. The text elaborates on various forms of Mithyatva, including the worship of non-Jain deities and the adherence to incorrect doctrines.
- Conduct in Society: It discusses how a Shravak should interact with others, including non-Jains, and how to maintain one's religious principles in social situations.
- The Twelve Vows and Their Nuances: The text likely goes into detail about each vow, including the 'Aticharas' (minor transgressions or lapses) associated with each vow and how to avoid them. The text provides specific examples and explanations for each transgression.
The Significance of Intent and Action: The book emphasizes that the intent behind an action is as crucial as the action itself. The text likely differentiates between accidental harm and intentional harm in the context of vows like Ahimsa (non-violence).
The Twelve Vows in Detail:
- Anuvratas: The text breaks down the five Anuvratas (non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, celibacy, and non-possession) and their associated transgressions.
- Guna Vratas: It then discusses the three Guna Vratas (limitation of regions, limitation of time/enjoyment, and punitive detachment).
- Shiksha Vratas: Finally, it covers the four Shiksha Vratas (Samayika, Deshavakashika, Paushadh, and Atithi Samvibhakta).
Practical Guidance: The text provides practical guidance on how to observe these vows in daily life, including specific prohibitions, regulations, and the correct way to perform rituals like Samayika. It also offers examples and illustrations from Jain scriptures and traditions to clarify these teachings.
Importance of Avoiding Transgressions (Aticharas): A significant portion of the text is dedicated to explaining the 'Aticharas' (transgressions) for each vow. The author meticulously lists and explains these lapses, providing a clear understanding of what constitutes a violation of the vow and how to avoid them. The text emphasizes the importance of constant vigilance and effort to uphold the vows perfectly.
The Three Forms of Samaktva: The text delves into the attainment and nature of Samaktva, explaining how it is the foundation for observing vows. It discusses the subtle distinctions and attainments of different types of Samaktva.
The Role of the Teacher and Guidance: The text highlights the importance of a Guru (spiritual teacher) in understanding and practicing Jain principles. The author expresses gratitude to his own Gurus who inspired and guided him in this work.

Commentary and Translation: The book is a Gujarati translation of the original text, accompanied by a commentary that clarifies complex concepts and provides further explanations. The author, Acharya Rajshekharsuri, expresses humility and seeks forgiveness for any unintentional errors in the translation or commentary.

Overall Message: "Shravak Dharm Vidhi Prakaran" serves as a comprehensive guide for lay Jains, offering a detailed exposition of their religious duties, ethical principles, and the path to spiritual progress through the diligent observance of vows and practices, all rooted in right faith and guided by the teachings of the Jinas. The text underscores that true adherence to Shravak Dharma leads to spiritual upliftment and eventual liberation.