Shraman Kriyana Sutro Sarth

The book "Shraman Kriyana Sutro Sarth" (Gujarati: શ્રમણ ક્રિયાનાં સૂત્રો સાર્થ), published by Shrutgyan Prasarak Sabha, is a compilation of Jain scriptures detailing the practices and conduct of ascetics (Shramanas). The text emphasizes the importance of combining both knowledge (jnana) and action (kriya) for spiritual liberation (moksha).

Key themes and concepts from the provided text:

• The Interplay of Knowledge and Action: The book highlights that while knowledge is crucial for understanding the path, action (kriya) is essential for its practical implementation. Knowledge provides direction, while action brings about transformation and detachment from worldly bonds. The text uses analogies, like the necessity of both legs and eyes for a journey, to illustrate this interdependence. It states that knowledge alone cannot destroy karma, just as a crown's value doesn't replace the function of footwear.
• The Significance of Action (Kriya): The text argues that action, despite sometimes being described as secondary to knowledge in certain contexts, holds immense importance. It's described as the "mother" of knowledge, nurturing, purifying, protecting, and enhancing it. Even enlightened beings (Chaudpurvadharis) continuously practice action.
• Understanding and Faith in Action: The book stresses that mere imitation ("gaderiya pravah" - sheep-like following) without understanding the underlying principles leads to the actions being devoid of true benefit, or even adverse results. Therefore, understanding, proper procedure (vidhi), and faith (shraddha) are paramount in all practices.
• The Ascetic Way of Life (Shraman Kriya): The core of the book is about the detailed practices (kriya) of ascetics (monks and nuns). This includes their daily routines, adherence to principles of non-violence in the minutest details of movement, speech, and thought. The text touches upon the importance of awareness and vigilance (jayana) in all activities.
• The Importance of Rituals and Scriptures: The book delves into various rituals, mantras, and scriptural recitations (sutras) that ascetics perform. It emphasizes understanding the meaning and intent behind these practices for deeper spiritual development. The text mentions specific rituals like Pratikramana (confession of faults), Pratilikhana (cleaning of possessions), Gaveshana (search for alms), and the recitation of specific mantras.
• Classification of Wrongdoings (Atichara): A significant portion of the text explains different types of transgressions or faults (atichara) that ascetics might commit, classified into categories like Atikrama, Vyatikrama, Atichara, and Anachara. Understanding these faults is crucial for purification through penance and confession.
• Detailed Rituals and Practices: The provided text gives glimpses into specific rituals and their associated prayers or verses. This includes:
  • Panch Parmeshti Namaskar: The fundamental mantra of respect for the five supreme beings in Jainism.
  • Samayika Sutra: A prayer and practice for equanimity and mental peace.
  • Ichhami Khamoshi: A prayer for purification and requesting permission for specific actions, including Karyotsarga (a form of meditation/penance).
  • Atichara Chintavani: Verses reflecting on and confessing daily and nightly transgressions.
  • Pratikraman Sutra: Detailed verses and procedures for the ritual of confession and atonement.
  • Pashik Sutra: Practices and reflections relevant to a fortnightly period of spiritual observance.
  • Gochari Sutra: Rules and etiquette related to the ascetic practice of alms-gathering (Gochari).
  • Panch Mahavrata: The five great vows (non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, celibacy, and non-possession) and their associated practices and meditations (bhavana).
  • Samyama: Various aspects of self-control and restraint.
  • Tapa: Austerities and their significance.
  • Abhigraha: Vows and restrictions undertaken by ascetics.
• The Role of the Preceptor (Guru): The text implicitly and explicitly highlights the indispensable role of the Guru in guiding the ascetic path. The Master's teachings, blessings, and instructions are paramount for proper practice and understanding.
• Guidance for Ascetics and Laypersons: While the primary focus is on the conduct of ascetics (Shramanas), the underlying principles and the detailed explanations of rituals can also offer valuable insights for lay Jains seeking to deepen their spiritual understanding and practice.
• Emphasis on Intention and Proper Procedure: The book underscores that the efficacy of any ritual or practice lies not just in its execution but also in the intention and correct procedure followed.

In essence, "Shraman Kriyana Sutro Sarth" serves as a comprehensive guide for ascetics, detailing the ethical, ritualistic, and contemplative aspects of their spiritual journey, with a strong emphasis on disciplined action guided by profound knowledge and unwavering faith.