Shraddhagun Vivaran Bhashantar - Book Summary

Certainly, here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Shraddhagun Vivaran Bhashantar" based on the provided pages.

Book Title: Shraddhagun Vivaran Bhashantar (Translation of the Description of the Virtues of a Shraddha) Original Author: Paramarshi Shri Jinmandangani Translator: Muniraj Shri Chaturvijayji Maharaj (disciple of Pravartakji Maharaj Shri Kantivijayji Maharaj) Publisher: Shri Jain Atmanand Sabha, Bhavnagar Publication Year: Vira Samvat 2442 / Vikram Samvat 1972 / 1916 AD

Overall Summary:

"Shraddhagun Vivaran Bhashantar" is a Gujarati translation of an original work by the esteemed Jain scholar Jinmandangani. Authored by Muniraj Chaturvijayji, this book aims to provide a detailed exposition of the virtues and conduct expected of a lay follower (Shravak) in Jainism. The text emphasizes the importance of acquiring and cultivating these virtues for spiritual progress and ultimately, liberation. It is structured around an analysis of thirty-five virtues, elaborating on each with scriptural references, examples, and practical guidance. The translation was made possible through the financial support of Seth Vora Hathisingh Jhaverchand of Bhavnagar, and published by the Shri Jain Atmanand Sabha.

Key Themes and Content:

The Ideal Lay Follower (Shravak): The core of the text is dedicated to defining and illustrating the qualities and actions of an ideal Shravak. The book argues that acquiring these virtues is essential for anyone aspiring to be a true follower of Jain principles, regardless of whether they are in a householder's life or aspiring to a monastic one.
Thirty-Five Virtues (Gunas): The main body of the work systematically details thirty-five specific virtues that a Shravak should cultivate. These virtues cover a wide spectrum of personal, social, ethical, and spiritual conduct. The summary provided in the text indicates the following broad categories and some specific virtues:
- Righteous Conduct in Dealings: Virtues like honesty in business, fairness, not engaging in prohibited activities (like illegal or unethical trade), and proper financial management are discussed.
- Ethical and Moral Values: Emphasis is placed on virtues such as truthfulness, non-violence (even in daily life), self-control, compassion, humility, gratitude, and avoiding harmful speech or actions.
- Social Responsibility and Behavior: The text covers the importance of treating others with respect, showing kindness, fulfilling duties towards family and society, and upholding good conduct in social interactions.
- Religious Observance: This includes adherence to Jain principles, respecting religious teachers and scriptures, performing religious duties with sincerity, and developing right faith (Samyaktva).
- Personal Conduct and Discipline: Virtues like controlling senses, managing expenses, maintaining dignity, avoiding pride, and cultivating patience are highlighted.
- Specific Virtues Mentioned in the Index and Introduction:
  - Righteous Wealth and its Use: The importance of earning wealth ethically and using it for good causes.
  - Good Conduct and Etiquette: Praising good behavior, respecting elders, showing gratitude, and maintaining politeness.
  - Marriage and Family Life: Criteria for choosing a spouse, the importance of marital harmony, and the qualities of good children.
  - Fear of Sin (Papbhiru): Understanding the consequences of sin and avoiding it.
  - Following Righteous Customs (Deshachar): Adhering to societal norms that are not against Jain principles.
  - Avoiding Malicious Speech: Not speaking ill of others.
  - Living in a Suitable Environment: Choosing a good neighborhood and dwelling.
  - Good Company (Satsang): Associating with virtuous people.
  - Devotion to Parents: Honoring and serving parents.
  - Prudence and Foresight: Thinking ahead and avoiding dangerous situations.
  - Avoiding Forbidden Actions: Refraining from acts that are condemned by scriptures.
  - Financial Prudence: Spending within one's means.
  - Appropriate Attire: Dressing according to one's status and occasion.
  - Intellectual Virtues: Cultivating intelligence, wisdom, and the ability to discern.
  - Listening to Religious Teachings: Regularly hearing and contemplating spiritual discourse.
  - Proper Eating Habits: Avoiding overeating and eating at the right times.
  - The Threefold Pursuit (Trivarga): Balancing Dharma (righteousness), Artha (wealth/livelihood), and Kama (desire/pleasure) in a balanced way.
  - Hospitality: Welcoming and serving guests, saints, and the needy.
  - Avoiding False Attachments and Biases: Letting go of misconceptions and prejudices.
  - Prudence in Actions and Understanding Strengths/Weaknesses: Making informed decisions.
  - Respecting Ascetics and the Learned: Honoring those devoted to spiritual and intellectual pursuits.
  - Nurturing Dependents: Caring for those who rely on you.
  - Foresight and Discernment: Thinking about future consequences and understanding things deeply.
  - Gratitude: Appreciating favors received.
  - Popularity and Amiability: Being well-liked and approachable.
  - Modesty and Compassion: Showing humility and kindness.
  - Equanimity and Benevolence: Maintaining inner peace and acting with kindness.
  - Abandoning Inner Enemies: Overcoming desires, anger, greed, pride, arrogance, and attachment.
  - Control of Senses: Mastering one's senses.
Illustrative Examples and Stories: Throughout the exposition of each virtue, the author provides numerous stories and examples from Jain scriptures, historical accounts, and Puranic narratives. These examples serve to clarify the meaning of the virtue, demonstrate its importance, and inspire the reader. The text includes stories of kings, ministers, merchants, and even animals to illustrate the points being made.
The Role of the Guru: The text implicitly and explicitly highlights the significance of a Guru (spiritual teacher) in guiding one towards the right path and acquiring these virtues. The translator's work itself is dedicated to a Guru.
Practical Application: The book is not just theoretical; it aims to guide householders in applying these virtues in their daily lives. It emphasizes that while these virtues are essential, their practical application needs to be mindful of context, time, and personal capability.
Merit of the Translation and Publication: The dedication and acknowledgments highlight the collaborative effort behind this translation and publication. The financial support from Vora Hathisingh Jhaverchand and the efforts of the Shri Jain Atmanand Sabha are acknowledged, emphasizing the goal of disseminating this valuable knowledge for the benefit of the Jain community. The introduction also discusses the necessity of such summaries in a concise format for modern readers.

In essence, "Shraddhagun Vivaran Bhashantar" serves as a practical manual for Jain lay followers, offering a comprehensive guide to living a virtuous life in accordance with Jain teachings, enriched with timeless wisdom and illustrative narratives.