Sarvodayi Jain Tantra - Book Summary

This is a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Sarvodayi Jain Tantra" by Nandlal Jain, based on the provided catalog link and page excerpts.

Book Title: Sarvodayi Jain Tantra (The All-Encompassing Jain System/Doctrine) Author: Dr. Nandlal Jain Publisher: Potdar Dharmik evam Parmarthik Nyas, Tikamgarh (M.P.) First Edition: 1997

Overview:

"Sarvodayi Jain Tantra" is a seminal work by Dr. Nandlal Jain, aiming to present the core principles, history, and scientific aspects of Jainism in a clear, accessible, and modern language. The book is designed to be useful for both newcomers to Jainism and those who want to understand its philosophy and practices in a contemporary context. It seeks to bridge the gap between traditional Jain teachings and the scientific and rational outlook of the modern world, making Jainism relevant and applicable to contemporary issues.

Key Themes and Chapters:

The book is structured to provide a holistic understanding of Jainism, covering its philosophical foundations, historical development, practical aspects, and its relevance to modern challenges. The table of contents reveals the following major sections:

Development of Religion and Characteristics of Jain Tantra: This section likely introduces the concept of religion in a broader sense, defining it as a path to moral and societal development and ultimate well-being. It then highlights the unique characteristics of Jainism, emphasizing its scientific, humanitarian, and universal appeal.
Principles of Jain Tantra: This is a core chapter detailing the fundamental tenets of Jainism. It likely covers:
- The nature of the universe: Jain cosmology, including the existence of six fundamental substances (dravyas) and the absence of a creator God.
- The path to liberation: The "three jewels" (Samyak Darshan - Right Faith, Samyak Gyan - Right Knowledge, and Samyak Charitra - Right Conduct) as the means to overcome suffering and attain moksha (liberation).
- Karma Theory: A detailed explanation of the concept of karma, its types, its influence on the cycle of birth and death, and the methods of its cessation (Samvara and Nirjara).
- Anekantavada (Multi-sidedness): The principle of understanding reality from multiple perspectives, emphasizing tolerance and avoiding dogmatism.
- Syadvada (Conditional Predication): The logical framework that supports Anekantavada, allowing for nuanced and context-dependent statements.
- Non-violence (Ahimsa): The paramount principle of Jainism, encompassing physical, verbal, and mental non-violence towards all living beings.
- Other key principles: Likely covering concepts like the nature of the soul (jiva), non-soul (ajiva), the four Gatis (realms of existence), the four Kashayas (passions), the fourteen Gunasthanas (stages of spiritual development), and the importance of vows (vratas).
Scientificity of Jain Tantra: This extensive section delves into the scientific underpinnings and rational aspects of Jain philosophy. It explores:
- Development of Scientific Perspective: How Jainism encourages a rational and empirical approach to understanding reality.
- Anekantavada as a Scientific Tool: How the principle of multi-perspectivism is crucial for objective analysis and understanding.
- Jain Logic and Epistemology: The rigorous logical frameworks and methods of acquiring valid knowledge in Jainism.
- Theoretical Concepts and Physical World Phenomena: Relating Jain theories to physical phenomena and suggesting potential parallels with modern scientific discoveries.
- Science of Spiritual or Moral Development: Viewing spiritual progress as a scientific process of self-refinement and ethical cultivation.
- Science of Karma Theory: Presenting karma not as blind fate but as a scientific law of cause and effect, with a dynamic and optimistic outlook.
History of Jain Tantra: This chapter traces the historical trajectory of Jainism:
- Royal Patronage: The support provided by various dynasties and rulers throughout Indian history.
- Literary History: The development of Jain literature, including the Agamas and subsequent commentaries and original works.
- Social History: The evolution of Jain society, its practices, and its integration into the broader Indian social fabric.
Types of Jain Tantra: This likely discusses the different schools or sects within Jainism, primarily the Digambara and Svetambara traditions, and potentially other sub-sects or philosophical streams.
Jain Agama Literature: An examination of the sacred scriptures of Jainism, their structure, content, and significance.
Jain Art and Architecture: Exploring the rich artistic and architectural heritage of Jainism, including temples, sculptures, and their symbolic meanings.
Holy Places for Religious Travel: Tirtha Kshetra: A discussion of important Jain pilgrimage sites and their significance.
Jain Rituals: Procedures and Festivals: An overview of Jain religious practices, customs, and major festivals.
Effective Communication of Jain Principles: This chapter focuses on the methods and mediums used by Jain acharyas and scholars to disseminate Jain teachings effectively, including the use of symbolic representations, parables, and modern communication strategies. The book highlights the use of visual aids like diagrams and charts.
Jainism in Foreign Countries: An overview of the spread of Jainism globally and its reception in different cultures.
Enhancing the Effectiveness of Jain Tantra: This section likely proposes strategies for making Jainism more relevant and impactful in the modern world.
Contemporary Issues and Jainism: This is a crucial chapter that applies Jain principles to current societal and global challenges, including:
- Caste, Lineage, and Religion: Addressing issues of social hierarchy and discrimination from a Jain perspective of equality.
- Women and their Contribution to Jainism: Highlighting the role and status of women in Jainism and their contributions.
- War and Politics: Examining Jain perspectives on conflict resolution, pacifism, and ethical governance.
- Social Inequality and Jain Socialism: Discussing Jain ideals of social equality, non-possessiveness, and their relevance to socio-economic disparities.
- Environmental Protection: Explaining Jain principles of Ahimsa and Sarvajeevavada (belief in the soul of all living beings) as foundational to ecological consciousness and conservation.
A Test of Time: Sarvodayi Jain Tantra: This concluding section likely reflects on the enduring relevance and adaptability of Jainism and the book's contribution to presenting it for the future.

Key Features Highlighted by Reviewers:

Comprehensive yet Simple: The book covers a wide range of Jain topics in a simple and effective manner.
Integrated Approach: It presents Jainism as an integrated system, providing a broad perspective.
Appeals to Newcomers and Foreign Readers: The accessible language and clear explanations make it ideal for those new to Jainism or international audiences.
Scientific and Rational Presentation: The book emphasizes the scientific validity and logical reasoning behind Jain principles, using mathematical formulas and diagrams.
Modern Language: It adapts traditional Jain teachings into contemporary language, making them relatable to the current generation.
Focus on Present and Future: While rooted in tradition, the book aims to address present-day problems and offer solutions through the Jain lens.
Unique Effort: The author is praised for consolidating and presenting Jain philosophy in a structured and appealing manner, integrating theoretical and practical aspects.

Author's Intent:

Dr. Nandlal Jain, with his background in science (Doctorate in Chemistry) and deep understanding of Jain philosophy, aims to present Jainism as a scientific, universal, and all-encompassing path to well-being. He believes that Jain principles, when presented in a modern, rational, and scientific framework, can offer solutions to many of the world's contemporary problems and contribute to the holistic development (Sarvodaya) of individuals and society.

In essence, "Sarvodayi Jain Tantra" is a modern exposition of Jainism, striving to make its ancient wisdom accessible, relevant, and impactful for the 21st century by emphasizing its scientific, ethical, and universal dimensions.