Sapeksh Nirpkeshak Drushti

Here's a comprehensive summary of the provided Jain text, "Sapeksh Nirpkeshak Drushti" by Punyavijay, focusing on the key concepts presented:

The text emphasizes the importance of understanding reality through multiple perspectives (Nayas), rather than relying on a single, absolute viewpoint. It argues that observing any object from an ekant (one-sided or absolute) perspective prevents one from seeing its complete nature. True understanding of an object's full form can only be achieved by considering it from the perspective of all Nayas. Without the anticipation (apeksha) of different Nayas, the complete form of any object cannot be articulated or comprehended.

The author draws a parallel to writers and speakers, stating that their words or writings are never devoid of an underlying intention or "apeksha" held within their hearts. Even scholars explain that their statements are made with a specific purpose or intention. It is crucial to understand the author's intention or thought behind their writing before offering an opinion, as misunderstanding this can lead to errors. The vast ocean of thoughts has even more "apeksha" (expectations, intentions, or specific contexts) than waves.

To truly grasp the complete mystery of thoughts and to avoid injustice to any idea, knowledge of Nayvada (the doctrine of Nayas) is essential. Perfect knowledge of the seven Nayas and a proper understanding of Sapekshvada (relativism) prevent any idea from being absolutely wronged. By speaking with the anticipation of other Nayas when presenting any view, no Naya is disrespected.

The text further explains that even seemingly contradictory or opposing qualities can be understood harmoniously through the lens of different Nayas. Adhering to an absolute Naya can lead to accepting false beliefs and, driven by the force of that mistaken view, engaging in "religious wars" that increase karmic accumulation. However, from the perspective of the seven Nayas, each Naya's assertion is encompassed within a broader understanding. Shri Jain Darshan (Jain philosophy), by advocating for the relativity of all concepts and faiths, stands victorious in the world.

The text then transitions to the nature of the soul (Atma). It describes the fearlessness of great souls, comparing it to the sky which is not entered by the world and is devoid of desires for all states of being. Similarly, enlightened beings (Samyagdrushti Purush) perceive the soul as distinct from all substances and devoid of all modes of existence. Since the soul's origin is not from any substance, it cannot be destroyed. The only "death" the soul experiences is an illusion stemming from ignorance and negligence towards its true nature.

By dispelling this illusion and becoming fully aware in the pure, conscious, self-experiential form, the enlightened being is eternally fearless. This realization of the soul's true nature leads to a state of equanimity (samyabhav) towards all beings. By withdrawing one's focus from external objects and substances, the soul attains Kalesh Samadhi (undisturbed meditative absorption).

In essence, the core message revolves around the necessity of multifaceted understanding (Nayas) to grasp reality, avoiding rigid, one-sided viewpoints. This principle extends to the spiritual realm, where understanding the soul's true, unchanging nature leads to fearlessness and ultimate liberation.