Sapeksh Drushti E Uttamottam Marg

Here's a comprehensive summary in English of the provided Jain text, "Sapeksh Drushti e Uttamottam Marg":

Book Title: Sapeksh Drushti e Uttamottam Marg (Relative Perspective is the Best Path) Author: Punyavijay Publisher: Z_Parmarthik_Lekhsangraha_005006_HR.pdf Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/249616/1

This Jain text, "Sapeksh Drushti e Uttamottam Marg," by Punyavijay, emphasizes the profound importance of relative perspective (Sapeksh Drushti) as the supreme path towards attaining true knowledge and understanding.

The core argument presented is that complete knowledge of any subject (Paripurna Gyana) is essential to grasp the infinite facets (Anant Bhed) of a thing's inherent nature. Without a full understanding of these inherent properties, one's faith (Shraddha) and thought processes (Vichar) are likely to remain narrow and limited.

The text posits that individuals often mistakenly believe they possess complete knowledge by understanding only a part of a thing or experience happiness from a particular aspect, considering themselves wise or joyful. However, from a realistic perspective (Vastavik Drishti), this is an error. As one's knowledge progresses (Vignanavastha), these errors become apparent.

The author contrasts this with the omniscient vision (Sarvagna Drishti) of Lord Mahavira, who perceived all entities in their entirety. Until this level of omniscience is achieved, every individual remains a limited being (Chhadmasth) and cannot be called omniscient. Consequently, due to the lack of knowledge of a thing's infinite qualities, it is natural for humans to make mistakes in their understanding and expression.

Therefore, the text strongly advocates that as long as this state of limited knowledge persists, speaking, knowing, and thinking from a relative perspective (Sapeksh Drushti) is the supreme path (Uttamottam Marg) for future progress.

The text further elaborates on the concept of truth. It states that while it might be verbally declared that every human's conduct and thoughts are perfectly truthful, truthfulness (Satyata) can only truly exist in its absolute form with the All-Knowing and Detached Ones (Sarvagna-Vitraag-Dev). For all other individuals, truthfulness in their thoughts and actions may exist only in certain aspects (Amukanshe) when considered in relation to substance, space, time, and mental states (Dravya-Kshetra-Kaal-Bhav).

When viewed in the context of the words of the Vitaraag (those free from passions), individual perspectives lead to the classification of actions and thoughts as true or untrue. However, from these differing viewpoints, much truth can be extracted (Ghannu Satya Tarvi Shakay).

The fundamental principle is that a particular matter might be true in relation to a specific combination of substance, space, time, and mental state, and simultaneously untrue in relation to a different combination of these factors. In conventional reality (Vyavahar), certain things are considered in a particular form, but when examined from the ultimate reality perspective (Nishchay Drishti), they appear differently.

The text concludes by emphasizing the necessity of examining every thing from multiple perspectives (Anek Drishti) and considering various expectations or contexts (Anek Apeksha). It is crucial to understand individual thoughts and actions in their different contexts and to discern what is to be rejected (Heya), accepted (Reya), or adopted (Upaadey) with discriminative wisdom (Vivek). By observing with such discriminative vision, one becomes capable of forming opinions based on specific aspects of a matter.

As human life progresses and knowledge increases, later thoughts are perceived as more truthful than earlier ones. However, in absolute terms, whatever decision is reached at a particular time with the knowledge available at that time, is true in relation to that specific time. Considering these relative aspects, a great deal can be understood about human conduct and thought across the entire world, leading to various forms of both practical and spiritual knowledge.