Samarpanam

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Samarpanam" (Dedication) by Ratnabodhivijay and Sanyambodhivijay, published by Jainam Parivar, based on the provided pages:

The book "Samarpanam" (Dedication) is a Jain text that offers a neutral evaluation of the relationship and interactions with the Guru element. It is presented as part of the "Shree Bhuvanbhanu-Padarth-Parichay Shreni" and "Jayanu Savan Sasana - Shree Vardhman Swamine Namah."

Core Theme and Purpose:

The central theme of "Samarpanam" is the profound importance of the Guru in Jainism. It aims to explain who a Guru is, the different types of Gurus, their qualities, the various forms of devotion and respect shown to them, and the consequences of both honoring and disrespecting them. The text emphasizes that the Guru is not merely a teacher but a spiritual guide, a representation of the divine, and a crucial element for spiritual liberation.

Key Concepts and Content:

The book is structured to provide a thorough understanding of the Guru's role and the disciple's responsibility. Here's a breakdown of the key areas covered:

• Introduction and Dedication:

  • The book is dedicated to and inspired by Acharya Dev Shrimad Vijay Bhuvanbhanusurishwarji Maharaj.
  • It is authored by Muni Shree Ratnabodhivijayji Maharaj and compiled by Gyani Punyashree Shree Sanyambodhivijayji Maharaj.
  • The publisher is Jainam Parivar.
  • The first edition was published in 2014.

• The Nature and Role of the Guru:

  • Guru as Light: The Guru is described as the one who dispels the darkness of ignorance, illuminating the path to true happiness.
  • Guru as Living Divinity: In the current era and geographical location, where living Tirthankaras are not directly accessible, the Guru is considered the living embodiment of the divine (Parmatma). Reverence shown to the Guru is equivalent to reverence shown to the Parmatma.
  • Guru as Representative of Parmatma: Gurus are seen as representatives of the Parmatma, carrying forward their teachings and guiding the spiritual community (Sangh).
  • Guru as Guide on the Path to Moksha: The Guru is likened to a guide who knows the intricate paths of spiritual liberation, helping disciples navigate obstacles and reach their ultimate goal safely and swiftly.
  • Guru as the Source of Knowledge and Virtue: Gurus impart essential knowledge about the soul, the universe, and the principles of Jainism. They guide disciples towards virtuous conduct and the practice of the Mahavratas (Great Vows).

• Types of Gurus:

  • Acharya: The leader of the monastic community, responsible for upholding and propagating the five types of conduct (Jnana, Darshana, Charitra, Tapa, Virya Achara). They are considered equivalent to Tirthankaras in the absence of their physical presence.
  • Upadhyay: Those who study scriptures and teach them to others, explaining complex philosophical concepts with clarity and reasoning.
  • Sadhu (Monk): Those who practice a life of renunciation, self-control, and spiritual discipline, enduring hardships and serving their Gurus and the community.

• Qualities of Gurus (Acharya, Upadhyay, Sadhu):

  • The text details numerous qualities attributed to each type of Guru, often presented in lists of specific numbers (e.g., 36 qualities of an Acharya, 25 of an Upadhyay, 27 of a Sadhu). These qualities encompass:
    • Control over senses.
    • Adherence to vows (Mahavratas).
    • Practice of Samitis (careful conduct) and Guptis (restraint of mind, speech, and body).
    • Knowledge of scriptures and principles.
    • Patience, equanimity, detachment, and renunciation.
    • Living a life of tapas (austerity).
    • The ability to impart knowledge effectively and with compassion.
    • Living a life of purity and adherence to Jain principles.

• Types of Guru Vandan (Salutation/Reverence):

  • Phet Vandan: A simpler form of salutation, involving folded hands and a slight bow. This is done between peers or by disciples to their Gurus.
  • Shobh Vandan (or Thobh Vandan): A more elaborate form of salutation where five limbs (two knees, two hands, and the head) touch the ground, often accompanied by specific prayers and protocols.
  • Dwadashavarta Vandan: A highly reverential salutation involving twelve repetitions of prostration and respectful gestures, highlighting the deep respect and devotion required. The text illustrates its immense spiritual benefits with an example of Lord Krishna.

• Who to Venerate and Who Not to Venerate:

  • The text clearly distinguishes between "Sugurus" (worthy Gurus) and "Kugurus" (unworthy spiritual guides).
  • Sugurus: Acharyas, Upadhyayas, Pravartaks (those who guide sadhus), Sthavirs (elderly or experienced monks), and Ratnadhiks (senior monks) are to be venerated.
  • Kugurus: Those who are merely wearing the monastic garb without true adherence to principles (Parshvasth), those who are lax in their conduct (Avasanna), those with corrupt practices (Kushil), those who are mixed in their qualities (Sanskruta), and those who act arbitrarily against scriptures (Yathachhand) are to be avoided and not venerated.

• The Importance of Guru Bhakti (Devotion to the Guru):

  • Benevolent Actions: The book details how to practice Guru Bhakti through actions like offering food (Ahar, Annadan), water (Jal dan), clothing (Vastradan), shelter (Sthan dan), and services.
  • Inner Devotion: It emphasizes that true devotion (Bhava Vandan) is superior to mere external actions (Dravya Vandan). Genuine devotion involves a heartfelt connection and reverence.
  • Fruits of Guru Bhakti: Devotion to the Guru leads to spiritual growth, eradication of ego, attainment of right faith (Samyakdarshan), knowledge, and ultimately, liberation (Moksha). It is also said to bring worldly prosperity and fulfillment.
  • Consequences of Disrespect (Ashatanā): The text extensively outlines various forms of disrespect (Ashatanā) towards the Guru, categorized into mental, verbal, and physical transgressions. It warns of dire consequences, including rebirth in lower realms and the failure of spiritual practices. Examples of those who committed Ashatanā and faced severe repercussions are provided.

• Vaiyaavach (Service to the Guru):

  • This is presented as a crucial aspect of devotion, involving active service and care for the Guru and the monastic community.
  • The text details ten types of Vaiyaavach, including care for Acharyas, Upadhyayas, elderly monks, communities (Kul, Gana, Sangh), ascetics, the sick (Glan), new disciples (Shaiksha), and fellow practitioners (Sadharmik).
  • It highlights the immense merit of Vaiyaavach, stating it can lead to the binding of Tirthankar-nam Karma and ultimately Moksha.
  • Examples of devoted disciples like Bhuvanatilak Muni, Bahubali, Sunakshatra Muni, and others are given to illustrate the power and benefits of selfless service.

• Types of Guru Seva (Service):

  • Jaghanya (Lowest): Physical service like offering food, water, fetching items, and cleaning.
  • Madhyam (Medium): Following the Guru's instructions, offering verbal encouragement, and engaging in discourse according to the Guru's guidance.
  • Utkrushta (Highest): Aligning one's thoughts and intentions with the Guru's will and desires, living life according to the Guru's principles, and internalizing their teachings.

• The Significance of Gurukulvas (Living with the Guru):

  • Living in the Guru's community (Gurukul) is presented as essential for spiritual progress.
  • It provides consistent access to knowledge, reinforcement of vows and principles, and protection from worldly influences.
  • The text warns against solitary wandering without proper guidance, as it can lead to the violation of vows and spiritual decline, drawing parallels with a lost traveler or a dislodged fish.
  • The author stresses that even if one possesses great knowledge, without the Guru's guidance and living in community, spiritual progress is hindered.

• The Essence of Gurukripa (Guru's Grace):

  • Gurukripa is defined not by the Guru's outward blessings but by the disciple's inner reverence and devotion (Guru Bahuman).
  • It is the disciple's unwavering respect and commitment that truly attracts the Guru's grace, which is essential for liberation.

• Guru's Teachings and Interactions:

  • The text emphasizes how to listen to the Guru's teachings with proper decorum, attention, and a receptive mind.
  • It provides guidelines on approaching the Guru, asking questions, and the etiquette of receiving spiritual instruction.

• Consequences of Disrespect and the Benefits of Devotion:

  • Numerous stories and examples are used to illustrate the positive outcomes of devoted discipleship and the severe negative consequences of disrespecting the Guru. These stories often involve karmic retribution and the attainment of higher spiritual states or unfortunate rebirths.

• Practical Guidance for Disciples:

  • The book offers practical advice on how householders and ascetics should interact with Gurus, including how to offer food (Vohoravavu), what to avoid, and the importance of serving them with pure intentions.
  • It stresses the importance of Guru's order (Agnya) as the direct path to Moksha, comparing it to following a skilled doctor or lawyer.

In essence, "Samarpanam" is a comprehensive manual for understanding and practicing the principles of Guru devotion within the Jain tradition. It highlights that the Guru is the embodiment of divine knowledge and compassion, and unwavering devotion and service to the Guru are paramount for spiritual advancement and ultimate liberation.