Samar Sinh

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Samar Sinh," based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Samar Sinh Author: Munishri Gyansundarji Maharaj Publisher: Shri Jain Itihasik Gyan Bhandar, Jodhpur (Rajputana) Publication Year: Vikram Samvat 1987 (1930 CE)

Overall Theme: The book "Samar Sinh" chronicles the life and achievements of Samar Singh, a prominent Jain nobleman and a heroic figure who played a crucial role in the restoration (Uddhar) of the sacred pilgrimage site of Shatrunjay in the 15th instance of its renovation during a tumultuous period. The book emphasizes the historical significance of this event and the individuals involved, particularly within the context of the Upkesh Gachch (a lineage of Jain monks).

Key Figures and Background:

• Samar Singh: The central figure of the book. He is described as a brave, virtuous, and philanthropic individual from the Shreshthi (merchant) caste, belonging to the Tilang country. He was instrumental in the 15th restoration of Shatrunjay.
• Munishri Gyansundarji: The author, a respected Jain monk known for his literary contributions and interest in history and social reform. He dedicated this work to his guru, Munishri Ratnavijayji Maharaj.
• Acharya Shrimad Upkesh Gachhadhipati Shri Siddhasuriji: The spiritual guide whose instruction led to the restoration of Shatrunjay.
• Deshalsah: Samar Singh's father, also a prominent merchant and religious benefactor, who supported his son's endeavor.
• Upkesh Gachh: A significant lineage of Jain monks that played a vital role in the spiritual and social upliftment of the community. The book details the history of this Gachh and its prominent Acharyas.
• Shatrunjay Tirth: The central pilgrimage site, revered as the most sacred among Jain holy places. Its ancient history and repeated restorations are highlighted.

Historical Context:

• Difficult Times: The book places Samar Singh's efforts within the context of a period when Muslim invaders (Yavanas) were destroying Jain temples, idols, and religious sites. This makes Samar Singh's contribution particularly remarkable as he undertook the restoration against a backdrop of adversity and religious persecution.
• Verification of History: The author stresses the historical authenticity of Samar Singh's life by citing contemporary Jain religious texts like "Nabhinandanoddhar Prabandh" by Acharya Kakkasuri (written in VS 1383) and "Samara Ras" by Acharya Amradevsuriji (written in VS 1371), which directly documented the event and Samar Singh's role.

The Restoration of Shatrunjay:

• The Need for Restoration: Following an attack in VS 1369 (1212 CE) that caused significant damage and destruction to Shatrunjay, the Jain community was deeply distressed.
• Samar Singh's Commitment: Guided by his father Deshalsah and under the spiritual leadership of Acharya Siddhasuriji, Samar Singh took a solemn vow (Bheeshma Pratigya) to undertake the restoration. This vow involved rigorous ascetic practices to ensure the successful completion of the monumental task.
• Royal and Ministerial Support: Samar Singh strategically sought and received crucial support from Alapkhan, the governor of Gujarat during the time of Alauddin Khilji. Alapkhan, impressed by Samar Singh's character and intentions, provided a royal decree and essential assistance, ensuring the smooth execution of the restoration work.
• Logistical and Financial Efforts: The book details the extensive preparations, including the sourcing of materials like the special "Mammani" stone from the Arasan Khan, the construction of chariots, and the organization of a large procession of people and resources. The immense financial expenditure and the coordinated efforts of the community highlight the scale of the undertaking.
• The Process of Restoration: The narrative describes the meticulous process of carving the idol of Lord Adinath from the stone, the grand procession to bring the idol to Shatrunjay, the elaborate installation ceremony (Pratishtha), and the subsequent festivals and acts of charity.
• Samar Singh's Character: Throughout the restoration process, Samar Singh is portrayed as a determined, pious, intelligent, and compassionate leader. His dedication to the faith, his diplomatic skills in securing royal favor, and his meticulous planning are all emphasized.

The Upkesh Gachh and its Lineage:

• Ancient Origins: The book traces the lineage of the Upkesh Gachh back to the time of Bhagwan Parshvanath, highlighting its long and distinguished history of spiritual guidance and propagation of Jain principles.
• Key Acharyas: It details the contributions of various significant Acharyas of the Upkesh Gachh, such as Shubhdatt Ganadhar, Haridatta Suri, Keshishramanacharya, Swayamprabh Suri, Ratnaprabh Suri, Yakshadev Suri, Kakkasuri, Devgupta Suri, and Siddhasuri, emphasizing their roles in spreading Jainism, establishing communities (like the Mahajan Sangh), and authoring important texts.
• Mahajan Sangh Formation: The establishment of the Mahajan Sangh by Acharya Ratnaprabh Suri is presented as a pivotal event, bringing unity and structure to the merchant community. This later evolved into the Upkesh Gachh.
• Influence and Spread: The Upkesh Gachh's influence extended across various regions of India, including Marwar, Sindh, Kutch, and Punjab, with numerous temples and followers.

Samar Singh's Later Life and Legacy:

• Continued Devotion: After the successful restoration, Samar Singh continued to serve the Jain community and engage in philanthropic activities. He undertook further pilgrimages and participated in religious festivals with great enthusiasm.
• Recognition and Influence: Samar Singh's character and achievements earned him great respect from kings, ministers, and the general populace. He maintained close ties with rulers and influential figures, using his position to further the cause of Jainism.
• Family and Descendants: The book briefly touches upon Samar Singh's family and descendants, acknowledging their continued involvement in religious and social activities.
• Author's Purpose: Munishri Gyansundarji aims to bring to light the exemplary lives of such historical figures, inspiring the Jain community towards greater devotion, righteousness, and social betterment. He also advocates for the preservation and promotion of Jain heritage and literature.

Structure and Content: The book is structured into several chapters, systematically detailing:

• The historical and religious importance of Shatrunjay.
• The lineage of the Upkesh Gachh and its significant Acharyas.
• The specific historical circumstances leading to the need for the 15th restoration.
• Samar Singh's vow, his diplomatic efforts, and the royal decree.
• The meticulous process of the restoration, including the idol's creation and installation.
• The events following the restoration and Samar Singh's subsequent life.
• The role of various Acharyas and historical figures in the event.
• Extensive appendices with historical evidence, inscriptions, and the "Samara Ras" (a poetic account).

Overall Significance: "Samar Sinh" is a significant historical and religious text that not only celebrates the heroic deeds of Samar Singh but also provides valuable insights into the history of the Upkesh Gachh, the socio-religious conditions of medieval India, and the enduring importance of pilgrimage sites like Shatrunjay in Jainism. The author's dedication to historical accuracy and his devotional tone make it an important read for those interested in Jain history and tradition.