Samaj Ko Badlo

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Samaj ko Badlo" (Change the Society) by Sukhlal Sanghavi, based on the provided pages:

The core message of "Samaj ko Badlo" by Sukhlal Sanghavi is that true societal change begins with individual self-transformation. The author emphasizes that to effectively change others or society, one must first embody the desired change themselves.

Key Themes and Arguments:

• The Power of Example: The book argues that actions speak louder than words. To inspire others to change, a reformer must first walk the talk. An individual who is clean and pure can effectively cleanse others, while a tainted individual will only spread their impurity. Similarly, to teach or reform, one must first be knowledgeable and skilled in the subject.
• Self-Transformation as the Foundation: The author stresses that before asking society to "change," the reformer must clearly demonstrate what that change looks like through their own life. This personal transformation is not just a prerequisite but also a source of learning. The difficulties faced and overcome during self-change provide valuable insights and strategies for guiding others.
• Credibility and Impact: Sanghavi highlights that society is more likely to accept change when they see sincerity, deep knowledge, and consistent commitment in the reformer. When people perceive that the reformer truly lives what they preach and that the outcomes are visible, respect replaces disrespect, and the reformer's message gains traction.
• Illustrative Examples: The text presents three inspiring individuals who embody this principle of leading by example:
  • Ravishankar Maharaj: A close associate of Gandhi, he dedicated his life to reforming the "Charaiya" caste, known for theft and violence. By integrating himself with them and transforming his own lifestyle, he inspired the caste to change their ways and even find pride in confessing and accepting punishment for their crimes. Despite lacking formal higher education, his words held immense influence.
  • Sant Bal: A Jain Sadhu who, while maintaining the outward appearance of his religious order, possesses a progressive outlook. He has worked tirelessly in the "Bhal ki Patti" region, transforming society through his teachings rooted in dharma and ethics. His influence extends to ministers and collectors who seek his counsel. His approach touches upon all aspects of life, aiming for the overall well-being and self-reliance of the community.
  • Akbar Bhai: A Muslim social reformer who has undertaken similar arduous work for years. He has brought new consciousness to criminal castes like Koli and Thakur. Even upper-caste individuals respect him for his insightful and just approach to reform, affectionately calling him "Nanhe Bapu." He has deeply immersed himself in village life and its problems, demonstrating a profound understanding of community needs.
• Adapting to the New Era: The book emphasizes that clinging to old traditions and practices in a changing world is futile. Society must adapt to new realities and evolving circumstances, just as one changes clothing with the seasons or as they grow. Resisting change, even when aware of its necessity, leads to stagnation and missed opportunities.
• Specific Areas for Societal Change: Sanghavi identifies several critical areas where societal transformation is urgently needed:
  • Education for Girls: If a little education is considered necessary, then denying girls further education based on their potential is a mistake.
  • Social Customs: Practices like "purdah" (veiling) are impractical in modern urban settings and hinder the development of women and the strength of future generations.
  • Widow Remarriage: Societal fear of criticism often prevents widow remarriage, leading to compromises and personal unhappiness.
  • Youth and Family Responsibility: Young men who take on family responsibilities without adequate preparation and self-reliance, often driven by inheritance, can inadvertently harm themselves and their families.
  • Diet and Lifestyle: Modern lifestyles, with less physical activity, require a shift towards more easily digestible foods and a reduction in unhealthy sweets.
  • Clothing: There's a need for practicality and resourcefulness in clothing, both in terms of making do with less and adopting styles suitable for modern mobility and activities.
  • Religious Practices: The author critiques the tendency to support a large class of "useless" religious figures who depend on society and promote superstitions. He calls for reform within religious institutions and questions the utility of the vast resources dedicated to them.
  • Political Participation: Many citizens, including men, are unaware of their rights and responsibilities in a democracy, hindering its effective functioning.
  • Economic Priorities: There's a disconnect between the wealth people possess and their investment in socially beneficial activities like animal husbandry and agriculture, which are crucial for societal well-being.
• Underlying Obstacles to Change: The book points out that fundamental changes in societal mindset are crucial. These include:
  • Caste Discrimination: The ingrained belief in caste hierarchy has not only degraded upper castes but also severely oppressed the lower castes, leading to a loss of humanity.
  • Misconceptions about Capitalism and Power: Viewing wealth and power as divine blessings rather than the result of effort can stifle individual initiative.
  • Materialism: The excessive focus on wealth ("Lakshmi") can lead to sycophancy and a decline in intellectual and personal integrity.
  • Misjudgment of Women's Lives: A lack of proper valuation of women's lives by both men and women themselves hinders their full development.
  • Blind Adherence to Rituals: Mistaking rituals and outward practices for true religion leads to a decline in morality and strength within society.

Conclusion:

Sukhlal Sanghavi's "Samaj ko Badlo" is a powerful call to action for social reformers and individuals alike. It underscores that genuine and lasting societal change is intrinsically linked to the personal transformation and exemplary conduct of those who seek to bring it about. The book advocates for a conscious, intelligent, and well-planned approach to reform, rooted in understanding the evolving needs of the times and driven by a commitment to individual responsibility and collective well-being.