Ratnajyoti Tirthshreeji Maharajno Tattvik Tunk Parichay - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Ratnajyoti - Tirthshreeji Maharajno Tattvik Tunk Parichay" by Prabhudas Bechardas Parekh:

Book Title: Ratnajyoti - Tirthshreeji Maharajno Tattvik Tunk Parichay (Ratnajyoti - A Philosophical Short Introduction to Sadhviji Maharaj Shri Tirthshreeji)

Author/Publisher: Prabhudas Bechardas Parekh, Mehsana

Overview:

This book, published in 1946 (Vikram Samvat 2002), serves as a brief but profound biographical and philosophical introduction to the life and spiritual journey of Sadhviji Maharaj Shri Tirthshreeji, who completed 23 years of observing the rigorous "Vardhaman Ayambil Tap." The author, Prabhudas Bechardas Parekh, aims to provide a "philosophical short introduction" because the life of such ascetics offers deep insights into the true meaning of life, spiritual practices, and the distinction between the material and the spiritual.

Key Themes and Content:

The book is structured into 12 chapters, exploring various aspects of Tirthshreeji's life and the underlying Jain philosophical principles:

The Meaning of "Tirthshreeji": The initial chapters delve into the philosophical understanding of what constitutes a "Tirthshreeji." It differentiates between inert (jad) and conscious (chetna) substances, emphasizing that while consciousness (knowledge) originates from the body, it possesses qualities beyond the inert. The book posits that the unique virtues displayed by some beings, such as renunciation, self-control, selfless service, charity, and intense penance, cannot be attributed to inert matter alone. This leads to the conclusion that there must be a separate entity – the soul (Atma) – possessing these qualities, distinct from the physical body and its material components. The concept of "karma" as a subtle covering over the soul, influencing its outward manifestation, is introduced.
The Significance of Names and Titles: The book explains that names and titles are adopted based on an individual's qualifications and spiritual progress. Special titles like "Tirthshreeji" are not casually acquired but are earned through significant spiritual achievements and adherence to Jain principles. It emphasizes that such titles reflect a higher level of spiritual development and are not meant for ordinary beings.
Hierarchy of Human Beings: The text discusses the varying levels of intellectual and spiritual development among humans. It establishes a hierarchy, starting from basic human existence, progressing through different stages of social, cultural, and spiritual refinement, eventually leading to those who dedicate their lives to spiritual pursuits and the propagation of Dharma. The author highlights the importance of lineage, upbringing, and inherent qualities in shaping an individual's spiritual potential.
The Role of Gender in Spirituality: Chapter 4 explores the distinction between male and female principles from a spiritual perspective. While acknowledging the biological differences, it emphasizes that the soul is beyond gender. However, it discusses how the outward manifestation and certain predispositions might be influenced by the present embodied form, noting that while men might possess certain outer qualities that appear more pronounced, women too hold immense hidden potential and can achieve great spiritual heights. The chapter also touches upon the historical context of Jainism being primarily led by men in leadership roles due to certain societal and biological factors, while also defending the virtuous aspects of womanhood and the importance of chastity.
Family Background and Upbringing: The book details the commendable family background of Sadhviji Shri Tirthshreeji Maharaj (whose birth name was Gajraben). Born in Ahmedabad into a respectable Vaniya (merchant) family of the Dasha Porwad community, she received a good upbringing in an environment that valued Jain traditions and scriptures. Her family, including her husband and other relatives, had a strong inclination towards spiritual life, with several members taking vows of renunciation.
Initiation and Spiritual Path: The narrative then focuses on Gajraben's decision to embrace the ascetic life. She received initiation from Sadhviji Maharaj Shri Shivashreeji Maharaj's disciple, Hemshreeji Maharaj, under the guidance of prominent Acharyas. The book explains the rigorous process of becoming a Jain Sadhvi, emphasizing the commitment to non-violence (Ahimsa), self-control (Sanyam), and penance (Tap). It highlights that achieving the title "Tirthshreeji" is not merely about taking initiation but about consistent adherence to the spiritual path and the accumulation of merit through dedicated practice.
The "Vardhaman Ayambil Tap": A significant portion of the book is dedicated to explaining the arduous "Vardhaman Ayambil Tap." This tap involves specific dietary restrictions and fasting rituals. The text details the daily routine of an Ayambil practitioner, emphasizing the strict avoidance of certain food items and the disciplined schedule. It clarifies that the Ayambil practice, when performed without milk products (like buttermilk) and with strict adherence to Jain principles, is a highly meritorious practice that can take many years to complete (14 to 23 years in Tirthshreeji's case for 100 Ayambils). The text cites scriptural references from the Antakritadasha Ang Sut to establish the validity and significance of this tap.
Spiritual Prowess and Inner Strength: The book describes Tirthshreeji Maharaj's unwavering commitment to her spiritual vows, her resilience in the face of physical ailments, and her deep devotion to her Gurus and the Jain faith. Her ability to maintain equanimity, tolerance, and cheerfulness even during difficult times is highlighted. The book also touches upon certain spiritual experiences and the potential for external influences (referred to as "daivi upadrava" or divine disturbances) which are overcome through strong spiritual resolve and devotion.
The "Vardhaman Tap" and its Significance: The author emphasizes that Tirthshreeji Maharaj is a "Maha Tapasvi" (great ascetic) who has completed the "Vardhaman Ayambil Tap" for 23 years. The book clarifies that this tap is a challenging practice that involves a sequence of Ayambils (a specific fasting meal) followed by a specific interval of abstinence (Chauth), gradually increasing the number of Ayambils and the fasting periods. The author cites examples from Jain scriptures and contemporary ascetics who have undertaken similar practices, highlighting the rarity and merit of such intense austerities.
The Role of Ascetics in Society: The book underscores the profound impact and importance of ascetics like Tirthshreeji Maharaj in upholding Jain culture and spirituality. It contrasts their selfless, disciplined lives with the prevalent materialistic and secular trends of the time. The author argues that the spiritual wisdom and practices of such ascetics provide an antidote to the negativity and challenges of the modern world and are crucial for the preservation of true societal values and spiritual progress.
Test of Character and Virtues: Throughout the chapters, the author emphasizes the importance of testing and discerning true spiritual merit. He asserts that while outward appearances can be deceiving, the inner qualities of patience, forbearance, discipline, and unwavering faith are the true indicators of spiritual advancement. The author also acknowledges that while the life of an ascetic might seem austere, it is filled with spiritual bliss, devotion, and the pursuit of higher knowledge.
Philosophical Discourse and Appendices: The book also includes appendices that discuss broader philosophical concepts like the importance of true faith (Samyak Darshan) over mere rituals, the concept of giving donations to deserving individuals and institutions, and the scriptural basis for the Vardhaman Ayambil Tap, quoting from the Antakritadasha Ang Sut.

Overall Message:

"Ratnajyoti" serves as an ode to the extraordinary spiritual dedication and austerity of Sadhviji Maharaj Shri Tirthshreeji. It aims to inspire readers by showcasing how an individual, through rigorous penance, unwavering faith, and a life dedicated to spiritual principles, can achieve a high state of spiritual realization and become a beacon of light for society. The book encourages readers to understand and appreciate the profound depth and meaning behind Jain asceticism and the pursuit of liberation.