Rajputane Ke Jain Veer - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Rajputane ke Jain Veer" (Jain Heroes of Rajputana) by Ayodhyaprasad Goyaliya, based on the provided text:

Book Title: Rajputane ke Jain Veer (Jain Heroes of Rajputana) Author: Ayodhyaprasad Goyaliya Publisher: Hindi Vidyamandir, Delhi Publication Date: April 1933 CE (Chaitra 1990 Vikram Samvat / Veera Nirvana Samvat 2459) Price: Two Rupees

Overall Purpose and Theme: This historical work aims to highlight the bravery, contributions, and significant roles played by Jain individuals throughout the history of Rajputana (modern-day Rajasthan). It seeks to counter the misconception that Jainism, being a religion of non-violence (ahimsa), did not produce valiant warriors and influential figures in society. The book presents the lives and deeds of various Jain heroes, many of whom held high positions like ministers, generals, and administrators in the royal courts of Rajputana's kingdoms.

Key Aspects and Content:

Dedication and Inspiration: The book is dedicated to the memory of Yati Shri Gyanchandji, a Jain ascetic from Rajasthan, who is acknowledged as the inspiration and source for Colonel James Tod's historical work on Rajasthan. The author expresses deep gratitude for Yati Gyanchandji's profound scholarship, which, though largely unknown, formed the foundation for understanding Rajasthan's history.
Historical Context of Rajputana: The book begins by introducing Rajputana as a land of valor, where its inhabitants have historically defended their land and freedom. It notes that while Jainism emphasizes compassion, its followers were not behind other communities in contributing to society and the defense of their regions.
Jains in High Positions: The text emphasizes that for centuries, individuals of Jain faith held important positions, including ministers and advisors, in the courts of Rajputana's rulers. They are credited with not only fulfilling their duties but also contributing to the preservation of ancient art and architecture and rendering significant services during times of national crisis.
Challenges in Research: The author acknowledges the scarcity of readily available historical material concerning Jain heroes. Many characters remain undiscovered, and the information available is often incomplete. The lack of interest in Jain history within the Jain community itself is also mentioned as a contributing factor to this information gap. The author highlights the arduous task of deciphering ancient inscriptions and texts to gather this information.
Structure and Content Breakdown: The book is structured geographically, covering different regions of Rajputana and detailing the Jain heroes from each.
- Mewar (Udaipur State): This is extensively covered and presented as a particularly glorious and influential region. It details:
  - Historical Sites: Descriptions of significant Jain locations like Chittorgarh fort, the Kirti Stambh (Victory Pillar), various Jain temples dedicated to Tirthankaras like Mahavir Swami and Parshvanath.
  - Prominent Figures: Biographies of individuals like Rani Jayatalladevi, Karma Shah (Bhamashah's associate, credited with the renovation of Shatrunjay Tirtha), Asha Shah's brave mother, Bharmal, Tarachand, Bhamashah (the renowned minister and savior of Mewar's independence), Jivashah, Sanghavi Dayaldas (a valiant minister who fought against Aurangzeb), Kothari Bhimsi, and various Mehta family members who served in administrative and military roles.
  - Key Stories: Includes anecdotes and detailed accounts of their contributions, courage, and loyalty, such as Bhamashah's immense financial support to Rana Pratap, Dayaldas's campaigns against Mughal oppression, and Asha Shah's mother's act of bravery.
- Marwar (Jodhpur): This section covers historical Jain sites and individuals from the Marwar region.
  - Historical Sites: Mentions places like Bhinmal, Mandore, Nadol, Manglod, Pokaran, Ranpur, Sadri, Kaparda, Parali, Jaswantpura, Osiya, Badmer, Paalinagar, and others, noting the presence of ancient Jain temples and inscriptions.
  - Prominent Figures: Discusses figures like Harishchandra (a Prahar king), various rulers who might have been Jain, Neṇasī (a prominent historian and administrator), various ministers and warriors from the Mehta family, and figures associated with the Bhandari clan.
  - Historical Rulers: Briefly touches upon the Pratihar dynasty and their possible Jain connections, citing the discovery of Jain artifacts and inscriptions from their era. It also mentions the Rathore lineage and their interaction with Jainism.
- Jangal (Bikaner State): Provides an introduction to the Bikaner region.
- Jaisalmer: Discusses the historical sites and literary contributions from Jaisalmer, noting the significant collection of Jain manuscripts.
- Ajmer (Merwara): Details the historical significance of Ajmer, mentions its Jain temples, and highlights the "Dhai Din ka Jhonpra" structure, believed to be originally a Jain temple converted by the Mughals. It also discusses figures like Dhanraj Singhvi, who made a significant stand against the Marathas.
- Aboo (Mount Abu): Focuses on the renowned Jain temples at Dilwara, particularly the Vimal Vasahi (Adinath) and Lun Vasahi (Neminath) temples, highlighting their exquisite marble craftsmanship and the stories behind their construction. It also mentions the political context and the patronage of Jainism by rulers and ministers.
- Other Regions: Briefly mentions other regions like Kotah, Bundi, Jaipur, Alwar, Tonk, Bharatpur, Sirohi, Banswada, Dungarpur, Karauli, Dhoulpur, Pratapgarh, Kishangarh, Jhalawar, and Shahpura in the context of Rajputana.
Literary and Artistic Contributions: The book acknowledges the significant contribution of Jains to literature, art, and architecture. The intricate carvings and structures of Jain temples are presented as testaments to their skill and devotion. The author also notes the importance of Jain manuscripts as a source of historical information.
Author's Approach and Caveats:
- The author admits to the limitations due to material scarcity and personal inexperience but considers the compilation a valuable starting point for future research.
- The foreword by Pandit Gaurishankar Hirachand Ojha points out a few historical inaccuracies in the book (e.g., regarding Bharmal Kavadiya and Asthanji) but commends Goyaliya's effort and the book's overall value.
- The author's "Vaktavya" (Statement) emphasizes his devotion to peace, non-violence, and universal love, clarifying that the inclusion of stories of conflict is to correct the perception of Jainism as passive and to highlight the bravery of ancestral Jains. He asserts that his work is not religiously fanatical and can be appreciated by both Jains and non-Jains. He also reflects on the changing times and the need for a history that can compete with materialistic narratives.
Significance and Call to Action: The book serves as a call to the Jain community to value and preserve their rich history and heritage. It aims to instill pride and inspire future generations by showcasing the valor and contributions of their ancestors. The author expresses hope for future volumes and encourages support for his efforts.

In essence, "Rajputane ke Jain Veer" is a pioneering work that brings to light the often-overlooked heroic legacy of the Jain community in the historical tapestry of Rajputana, celebrating their multifaceted contributions beyond religious dogma.