Prakrit Katha Sahitya Parishilan

This book, "Prakrit Katha Sahitya Parisheelana" (A Study of Prakrit Narrative Literature) by Dr. Prem Suman Jain, published by Sanghi Prakashan Jaipur in 1993, is a comprehensive exploration of the rich tradition of narrative literature in the Prakrit language, particularly within the Jain context.

Central Thesis: The book's core argument is that Prakrit narrative literature, often intertwined with Jain religious and philosophical teachings, served a dual purpose: to entertain and to enlighten. These stories, using various metaphors, parables, and narratives, aimed to convey the eternal truths of Jain scriptures and philosophy to the masses. They not only provided enjoyment but also illuminated life, familiarizing readers with India's cultural heritage.

Key Themes and Content:

• Purpose of Prakrit Literature: The author emphasizes that Prakrit writers aimed to disseminate the eternal truths of Jain religion and philosophy through diverse narratives, appealing to both the intellect and emotions of the readers.

• Scope of the Book: "Prakrit Katha Sahitya Parisheelana" is presented as a bouquet of Dr. Prem Suman Jain's scholarly and contemplative essays, offering readers insights into the core meanings of Prakrit narratives. It's highlighted as the second volume in the author's proposed tetralogy of works.

• Evolution and Characteristics of Prakrit Narratives: The book delves into the nature and content of Prakrit narrative literature. It notes that these stories are not solely based on human characters but also effectively utilize animal and bird characters. The narratives offer both enjoyment and enlightenment, connecting readers to India's cultural legacy. They illustrate the true meaning of the four human pursuits: Dharma (righteousness), Artha (wealth), Kama (desire), and Moksha (liberation).

• Ethical Foundation: A significant aspect highlighted is the foundation of non-violence (ahimsa) and a non-discriminatory perspective in Prakrit narrative literature. The literature sheds light on the root causes of vices like violence, terror, and immorality, underscoring that cultural development cannot be lasting without establishing righteousness, non-violence, and fearlessness.

• Structure and Content (as per the Index): The book is structured into several chapters exploring various facets of Prakrit narrative literature:

  1. Agam Katha Sahitya (Agam Narrative Literature): Discusses the narrative elements within the Jain Agamas, tracing their origins and compilation.
  2. Kathanak Tarah Tarah Ke (Various Types of Narratives): Explores different kinds of storylines and their development.
  3. Kathaon Mein Sanskritik Dharohar (Cultural Heritage in Narratives): Analyzes how stories reflect and preserve cultural traditions.
  4. Prakrit Kathaon Ke Bhed-Prabhed (Classification of Prakrit Narratives): Categorizes Prakrit stories based on various criteria.
  5. Acharanga Vyakhyaon Ki Kathayein (Stories from the Commentaries of Acharanga): Examines narratives found in the commentaries of the Acharanga Sutra.
  6. Haribhadrasuri Ki Prateek Kathayein (Symbolic Stories of Haribhadrasuri): Focuses on the allegorical and symbolic narratives composed by the renowned scholar Haribhadrasuri.
  7. Kathaon Mein Ahimsa Drishti (Perspective of Non-Violence in Narratives): Investigates the portrayal and importance of non-violence in these stories.
  8. Aramasohakaha (Padya) - Parichay (Aramasohakaha (Verse) - An Introduction): Introduces a specific narrative work.
  9. Katha Nemimahachari's (The Story of Neminatha): Discusses narratives related to the life of Tirthankara Neminatha.
  10. Prakrit Sahitya Mein Bahubali Katha (Bahubali Story in Prakrit Literature): Explores the narrative of Bahubali.
  11. Pali-Prakrit Kathaon Ke Abhipray (Motifs of Pali-Prakrit Narratives): Analyzes common themes and motifs in both Pali and Prakrit narrative traditions.
  12. Dharmapariksha Abhipray Ki Parampara (Tradition of Dharma-Pariksha Motifs): Discusses the motif of examining different religions.
  13. Madhubindu - Abhipray Ka Vikas (Development of the Madhubindu Motif): Traces the evolution of a specific symbolic motif.

• Contribution to Indian Literature: The book acknowledges the significant contribution of Prakrit literature to the overall richness of Indian literature, particularly its narrative tradition. The stories are noted for their ability to entertain, enlighten, and introduce readers to India's cultural wealth.

• Endorsement and Support: The publication received partial funding from the Shri Shivalal Mohanlal Taya Charitable Trust, Udaipur, underscoring its cultural and literary significance.

• Author's Vision: Dr. Prem Suman Jain expresses her hope that this collection of scholarly articles will spread the fragrance of virtue and beauty of Prakrit stories worldwide.

In essence, "Prakrit Katha Sahitya Parisheelana" is a scholarly yet accessible work that illuminates the profound connection between storytelling, Jain philosophy, and the cultural tapestry of ancient India, highlighting the enduring relevance of Prakrit narratives.