Param Jyoti Mahavir

"Param Jyoti Mahavir" (The Supreme Light Mahavir) is a Mahakavya (epic poem) by Dhanyakumar Jain 'Sudesh'. Published in June 1961 by Fulchand Zaverchand Godha Jain Granthmala in Indore, the book aims to present the life and teachings of Lord Mahavir, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism, in a comprehensive and inspiring manner.

Key Aspects and Themes:

• Mahakavya Structure: The book follows the conventions of a Mahakavya, detailing the significant events in Lord Mahavir's life from conception to nirvana. It is characterized by its use of various rasas (emotions), primarily Karuna (compassion), Dharmavir (religious valor), and Shant ras (peace).
• Author's Intent: Dhanyakumar Jain 'Sudesh' was inspired by great Mahakavyas like 'Saket' and 'Kamayani' in Hindi literature. He felt a strong need for an epic poem on Lord Mahavir that would not only narrate his life but also depict the political, social, and religious circumstances of his time. His goal was to create a work that would immerse readers in the "Triveni" (confluence of three rivers) of Karuna, Dharmavir, and Shant ras, leading to spiritual purification.
• Inspiration and Precursors: The author acknowledges the inspiration drawn from existing works and expresses his desire to fill a perceived gap in Jain literature. He mentions being inspired by Lord Mahavir's life as a guiding force for humanity. He also notes the earlier Mahakavya "Vardhaman" by Shri Anoop Sharma, while respectfully pointing out its perceived limitations in terms of historical sequence, use of Sanskritized language, and adherence to Jain principles, which motivated him to create his own work.
• Structure and Content:
  • The Mahakavya is divided into 23 Cantos (Sargas), each dedicated to a specific phase or aspect of Lord Mahavir's life. The number 23 signifies the 23 Tirthankaras who preceded Lord Mahavir.
  • The poem comprises 2486 verses, with each canto having 108 verses. This number 108 is significant in Jainism, representing the 108 virtues or the 108 types of sins to be avoided. The total number of verses (2486) corresponds to the year of Lord Mahavir's nirvana.
  • The book includes a Prakaran (Introduction) of 33 verses.
  • It features two appendices: a glossary of 286 technical Jain terms and a list of 62 places visited by Lord Mahavir.
  • The cantos cover key events such as:
    • The divine dreams of Queen Trishala.
    • The birth and naming ceremony of Mahavir.
    • His childhood and youthful exploits, including the encounter with the elephant.
    • His renunciation and attainment of Keval Gyan (omniscience).
    • His teachings and the establishment of the Chaturvidh Sangha (four-fold monastic order, including nuns).
    • His encounters with various individuals and overcoming challenges (upasargas).
    • His final nirvana and legacy.
• Literary Style: 'Sudesh' employs a simple, accessible, yet poetic Hindi style. The language is intended to be understandable to a wide audience, facilitating the spread of Jain principles. The author emphasizes the use of "Prasad" (clarity) and "Madhurya" (sweetness) qualities in his poetry, aiming for a smooth and enjoyable reading experience.
• Emphasis on Jain Philosophy: The work upholds core Jain principles like Ahimsa (non-violence), Aparigraha (non-possession), and Anekanta (non-absolutism). The author stresses the importance of these teachings for world peace and welfare.
• Historical and Cultural Context: The poem attempts to portray the socio-political and religious milieu of Lord Mahavir's time, reflecting his interactions with kings, queens, common people, and his influence on society. It touches upon the historical spread of Jainism.
• Appreciation and Support: The book includes endorsements and blessings from prominent figures of the time, including the President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, and the Vice President, Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, as well as religious leaders and political figures, highlighting the perceived importance and value of the work.
• Dedication: The Mahakavya is dedicated to those who are moved by compassion for the suffering, find fulfillment in upholding human dharma, and strive for social peace and well-being.

In essence, "Param Jyoti Mahavir" is a devotional and scholarly endeavor to capture the essence of Lord Mahavir's life and message in an epic poetic form, making his teachings accessible and inspiring for contemporary readers.