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Padmurtimayam Stotra Panchakam

Added to library: September 2, 2025

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First page of Padmurtimayam Stotra Panchakam

Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Padmurtimayam Stotra panchakam" based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Padmurtimayam Stotra panchakam (A Collection of Five Padapurti Stotras) Author: Amrut Patel (Editor) Publisher: ZZ_Anusandhan Source of Manuscripts: Lalbhai Dalpatbhai Bharatiya Vidyamandir, Ahmedabad.

Overall Purpose: The "Padmurtimayam Stotra panchakam" is a compilation of five Jain stotras (hymns) that are "padapurti" stotras. This means they are composed by filling in the missing parts (the "pada" or foot) of existing famous stotras or poetic verses, specifically those found in the Raghavamsa Mahakavya and three other devotional hymns. The editor, Amrut Patel, has based this compilation on xerox copies of original manuscripts.

The Five Stotras and their Structure:

The stotras are presented in a specific historical order based on their source material, not necessarily the order of the composers' time:

  1. Shri Rishabhdev Stotra: This is a padapurti stotra for the Raghavamsa Mahakavya. It is composed by taking two verses from different cantos of the Raghavamsa and completing them in a way that praises Lord Rishabhdev. The original verses from Raghavamsa (canto-verse-line number) are indicated in parentheses.

  2. Shri Vitraag Stotra: This is also a padapurti stotra for the Raghavamsa Mahakavya. It is composed by taking three verses from different cantos of the Raghavamsa and adapting them to praise the Vitraag (the detached, perfectly enlightened) soul. The original verses from Raghavamsa (canto-verse-line number) are indicated in parentheses.

  3. Shri Rishabhdev Stotra (Padapurti of Bhaktamara Stotra): This stotra completes the first verse (pada) of the famous Bhaktamara Stotra, dedicating it to Lord Rishabhdev.

  4. Mahavirjin Stotra (Padapurti of "Sansar-Dava Anal Dah"): This stotra completes a verse from the devotional hymn "Sansar-Dava Anal Dah" (The Fire of Worldly Existence), praising Lord Mahavir.

  5. Shri Shantijin Stotra (Padapurti of "Anandan-Amra"): This stotra completes a verse from the devotional hymn "Anandan-Amra" (Joyful Bowing), praising Lord Shantijin.

Editorial Notes and Historical Context:

  • Manuscript Sources: The manuscripts for all five stotras are xerox copies from the Lalbhai Dalpatbhai Bharatiya Vidyamandir, Ahmedabad.
    • The Raghavamsa padapurti stotras (1 & 2) are from manuscript number La.Da.Bhe.Su. 22256 (a Panchpath).
    • The Bhaktamara padapurti stotra (3) is from manuscript number La.Da.Bhe.Su. 30050, described as legible and beautiful.
    • The "Sansar-Dava Anal Dah" padapurti stotra (4) is from manuscript number La.Da.Bhe.Su. 41-10, written by Pandit Dansargani in VS 1563.
    • The "Anandan-Amra" padapurti stotra (5) is from manuscript number La.Da.Bhe.Su. 29997.
    • Each manuscript is described as being two folios long.
  • Mentions in Literature: Only the "Sansar-Dava Anal Dah" padapurti stotra is explicitly mentioned in other literary sources, and even then, only incidentally. The other stotras are not found to be mentioned.
  • Annotations: Annotations are provided for the Bhaktamara padapurti stotra as needed.
  • Raghavamsa Padapurti: For the Raghavamsa padapurti stotras, the original canto, verse, and line number from Raghavamsa are given in English in parentheses after each completed verse.
  • Verse Attribution and Interpretation:
    • In the Rishabhdev Stotra (1) and Vitraag Stotra (2), the original verses from Raghavamsa have their meaning reinterpreted to refer to Lord Rishabhdev and the Vitraag soul, respectively, with the commentary (avchuri) explaining this adaptation.
    • The composer of these two stotras is identified as Muni Shri Ratnasingh (first half of the 18th century Vikram era), a disciple of Shri Sanghharsh-Dharmasingh. He is also known for composing the Nemibhaktamara stotra in VS 21730, based on the fourth verse of the Bhaktamara Stotra.

Specific Stotras and their Composers/Context:

  • Shri Rishabhdev Stotra (Bhaktamara Padapurti): This is considered possibly the oldest among the Bhaktamara padapurti stotras. A manuscript of the Bhaktamara padapurti stotra by Samaysundar, dated VS 1680, is the earliest mentioned for this category. The composer of this specific Rishabhdev stotra is Pandit Mahisagar Gani, who lived in the first half of the 16th century Vikram era. The last verse of this stotra mentions Tapasvi Lakshmisagar Suri (VS 1464-1541), an influential Acharya.

  • Sansar-Dava Anal Dah Stotra & Anandan-Amra Stotra: The composer of both of these stotras is identified as Gyanasagar Suri. There are two known Gyanasagar Suris:

    1. A disciple of Devsundar Suri (Chandragachchhiya lineage). This Gyanasagar Suri composed works like the Avachurni (commentaries) on Aavashyak, Uttaradhyayan, and Oghniyukti in VS 1440-1441, and other stotras.
    2. A disciple of Brihat Tapasvi Ratnasingh Suri (a disciple of Saiddhantik Munichand Suri). This Gyanasagar Suri composed the Vimalnath Charitra in VS 1517 in Stambhatirth.

    The editor believes it is more likely that the composer of these stotras is the disciple of Devsundar Suri, as this Gyanasagar Suri is more ancient and his works include extensive commentaries and stotras, whereas the other Gyanasagar Suri is primarily known for the Vimalnath Charitra.

  • Commonalities and Stylistic Similarities:

    • The "Sansar-Dava Anal Dah" and "Vitraag Stotra" (note: the summary mentions Vitraag Stotra again here, possibly a slight confusion or referring to a different stotra with a similar name) both use symbolic names for the composer: 'Gyanaambhah Sagarabhah' and 'Shri Gyanasindhuh'.
    • Both stotras exhibit similarities in the Sragdhara meter, suggesting they might have been composed by the same Gyanasagar Suri.
    • Both compositions are described as mature (praudha).
    • Specific verse similarities are noted: Verse 139 of "Sansar-Dava" and Verse 15 of "Anandan-Amra" share similarities, as do Verse 14 of "Sansar-Dava" and Verse 4 of "Anandan-Amra".
    • Stylistically, "Anandan-Amra" exhibits ojas (vigorous) quality, while "Sansar-Dava" has prasadikta (clarity and grace).
    • Both use the same word, 'pramitatanu', for the height of Tirthankara bodies.
    • Both use the same word, 'ankah', for distinguishing marks (lāñchana).
    • The concluding verses of both stotras mention the composer's name symbolically, reinforcing the likelihood of a single author.
    • The editor concludes that the composer is likely the same person, and that person was a disciple of Devsundar Suri.

Verse Examples and Commentary (Avchuri):

The provided text includes the full Sanskrit verses of the Raghavamsa padapurti stotras, the Bhaktamara padapurti stotra, the "Sansar-Dava Anal Dah" padapurti stotra, and the "Anandan-Amra" stotra. It also includes detailed Sanskrit commentary (avchuri) for the first two Raghavamsa padapurti stotras, explaining the word meanings, grammatical structures, and the adaptation of the original Raghavamsa verses to praise the Tirthankaras. These commentaries are crucial for understanding the linguistic and devotional nuances.

Overall Significance: This compilation is a scholarly work that sheds light on a specific tradition of Jain hymn composition where existing literary works are adapted to praise Tirthankaras. It provides insights into the historical context of these compositions, the identities of their composers, and the meticulous editorial process involved in their preservation and presentation. The detailed commentary enhances the appreciation of the poetic and spiritual depth of these stotras.