Nirgrantha Aetihasik Lekh Samucchaya Part 2 - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Nirgrantha Aetihasik Lekh Samucchaya Part 2" by M. A. Dhaky, based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Nirgrantha Aetihasik Lekh Samucchaya Part 2 Author: M. A. Dhaky Publisher: Kasturbhai Lalbhai Smarak Nidhi Ahmedabad Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/002106/1

This volume is the second part of a collection of historical articles by Professor Madhusudan Dhaky, focusing on Jain art, architecture, and the history of pilgrimage sites. It comprises 22 essays that were previously published in various research journals and periodicals.

Core Content and Themes:

The primary focus of this collection is the critical analysis and interpretation of inscriptions found on Jain images and temples, as well as discussions on Jain architecture and iconography. Professor Dhaky, with meticulous research and scholarly acumen, delves into the historical context, decipherment, and significance of these epigraphical and artistic records.

Key Areas of Exploration (as indicated by the Table of Contents and article summaries):

Analysis of Inscriptions: A significant portion of the book is dedicated to the study of inscriptions found at various locations. Dhaky examines these inscriptions to shed light on:
- Dating and Identification: Establishing the historical period of images and temples, and identifying the sculptors (karapakas) and patrons.
- Genealogies and Families: Tracing the lineage of Jain families and their philanthropic activities through inscriptions.
- Religious and Social Practices: Understanding aspects of Jain worship, rituals, and the social milieu of the periods.
- Historical Events and Figures: Corroborating and expanding historical knowledge about rulers, ministers, and significant events related to Jainism.
Specific Locations and Monuments: The essays frequently focus on important Jain sites, particularly in Gujarat and Rajasthan, including:
- Girnar (Ujjayanta-giri): Several articles are dedicated to deciphering and analyzing inscriptions from Girnar, clarifying issues related to the chronology of inscriptions, identifying specific images, and discussing the historical context of its Jain heritage. Dhaky also addresses common misconceptions about the presence or absence of certain types of inscriptions.
- Porbandar: An examination of inscriptions on the Vasupujya Jin image and the Shantinath Jinalaya, providing insights into the history of the Jethwa dynasty and the dating of Vikramanjaya's reign.
- Vanthali: A critical study of newly discovered Jain inscriptions, focusing on rectifying dating errors and clarifying the identity of officials.
- Bhrigukachchha (Bharuch): Historical references to the Muni Suvrat Tirth, its rebuilding, and its possible ancient origins.
- Abu (Mount Abu): Analysis of several complex issues related to the Vimalavasi temple, including the contemporaneity of its various parts, the attribution of specific structures, and the original images.
- Taranga: An investigation into the sculptor of the Ajitnath Mahaprasada.
- Prabhaspatan: Discussions on ancient Jain temples in this significant historical site.
- Gersappa: Information about the Chaturmukh Jinalaya.
- Nadiya: An examination of ancient Jain images.
- Mahuva: An introduction to medieval Jain images found there.
Key Figures and Traditions: The book explores the contributions of prominent historical figures in Jainism and patronage, such as:
- Vastupala-Tejpal: Their extensive philanthropic activities, including the construction of temples, image installations, and other religious edifices across Gujarat and beyond.
- Solanki Kings: The role of kings like Siddharaja and Kumarpala in patronizing Jainism and commissioning significant architectural projects. Dhaky specifically challenges the notion that Solanki rulers, being Shaivites, did not build Jain temples, providing evidence for temples constructed by Siddharaja and Kumarpala.
- Various Gachhas and Acharyas: Identification of religious lineages and the involvement of key Acharyas in temple consecrations and the perpetuation of Jain traditions.
Art and Iconography: Dhaky's analysis extends to the artistic and iconographic details of Jain sculptures and temple architecture, discussing:
- Kalayāṇa-traya: The interpretation of this concept in literature and sculpture, particularly in relation to the Tirthankara Neminatha's life events at Girnar.
- Temple Architecture: Discussions on the construction details, stylistic features, and modifications of various Jain temples, such as Vimalavasi, Khartaravasi, and Kumaravihara at Girnar.
- Sculptural Details: Examination of the craftsmanship and artistic merit of Jain images, including specific examples from Porbandar and Mahuva.

Methodology and Approach:

Professor Dhaky's approach is characterized by:

Rigorous Epigraphy: Meticulous decipherment and critical analysis of inscriptions, often re-interpreting or correcting previous readings.
Interdisciplinary Research: Combining epigraphical evidence with literary sources, archaeological findings, and art history to provide a comprehensive understanding.
Critical Evaluation: A discerning approach to popular traditions and earlier scholarly interpretations, often correcting inaccuracies and offering nuanced perspectives.
Detailed Presentation: Inclusion of original inscription texts, critical notes, and photographic plates to support his arguments.

Significance of the Volume:

This collection serves as a valuable resource for scholars, researchers, and students of Jainism, Indian history, art, and epigraphy. It showcases Professor Dhaky's profound knowledge and dedication to uncovering and preserving the rich historical and artistic legacy of Jainism. The volume contributes significantly to our understanding of the socio-religious history of Gujarat and Rajasthan during the medieval period. The detailed discussions on specific inscriptions and architectural elements provide crucial data for further scholarly work.

In essence, "Nirgrantha Aetihasik Lekh Samucchaya Part 2" is a scholarly compilation that illuminates the historical and artistic dimensions of Jainism through the lens of inscriptions and architecture, solidifying Professor M. A. Dhaky's reputation as a leading authority in the field.