Navkar Mahamantra Ek Adhyayan

The book "Navkar Mahamantra Ek Adhyayan" by Chhaya Shah is a comprehensive study of the Navkar Mahamantra, a central and revered mantra in Jainism. The book, originally a research thesis for an M.Phil. degree from Gujarat Vidyapeeth's Jain Centre, delves into various aspects of this sacred chant.

Here's a summary of the key themes and content presented in the book, based on the provided pages:

Core Theme: The book is an in-depth exploration and analysis of the Navkar Mahamantra, aiming to present its philosophical, spiritual, and scientific dimensions to a wide audience.

Structure and Content: The book is meticulously structured into nine chapters, covering the following areas:

• Chapter 1: Definition of 'Mantra' and the Uniqueness of the Navkar Mantra:

  • It begins by defining what a "mantra" is according to various ancient texts and philosophical traditions.
  • It then highlights the specific characteristics and unique qualities of the Navkar Mantra that set it apart from other mantras, emphasizing its broad appeal and universal significance beyond Jainism.

• Chapter 2: The "Body" or Form of the Navkar Mantra:

  • This chapter delves into the very essence of the mantra, examining its origin (abhudaya - eternity), its various names (like Mahashrutskandh, Mahamrityunjay, Panchamangal Sutra), and its constituent parts or "limbs" (nav pada - nine steps, eight sampada - eight perfections, and sixty-eight akshara - sixty-eight syllables).

• Chapter 3: The Syllabic Structure (Akshar Deh) of the Navkar Mantra:

  • This section focuses on the constituent letters (aksharas) of the mantra.
  • It analyzes the total count of letters (68), breaks down the syllables, discusses the presence of the primordial syllable 'Om' (which is considered integral to the mantra), and highlights the specific significance and unique characteristics of each letter.
  • It also touches upon the language of the mantra's syllables, noting its Prakrit origin.

• Chapter 4: The Meaning (Artha Deh) of the Navkar Mantra:

  • This chapter explores the deeper layers of the mantra's meaning:
    • Shabdarth (Literal Meaning): The direct translation of the words.
    • Bhavarth (Figurative/Emotional Meaning): The underlying feelings and intentions conveyed by the mantra, such as humility and devotion towards the Panch Parmeshthis.
    • Gudharth (Esoteric/Mystical Meaning): The deeper, hidden spiritual significance and the ultimate purpose behind chanting the mantra.

• Chapter 5: The Essence of the Panch Parmeshthis:

  • This is a significant chapter dedicated to explaining the nature and significance of the five supreme beings (Panch Parmeshthis) to whom the mantra is offered:
    • Arihant Bhagwant (the liberated ones who have conquered inner enemies).
    • Siddha Bhagwant (the perfectly liberated souls dwelling in the highest realm).
    • Acharya Maharaj (the spiritual preceptors and leaders).
    • Upadhyaya Ji (the scholars and teachers of scripture).
    • Sadhu Maharaj (the ascetics dedicated to spiritual practice).
  • For each Parmeshthi, the book details their definitions, the path of their spiritual evolution, their virtues, special characteristics (atishay), the defects they have overcome, their teachings, and their overall contribution. It also briefly discusses the Jain perspective on 'Paramatma' compared to other religions.

• Chapter 6: The Practice (Aradhana) of the Navkar Mantra:

  • This chapter focuses on the practical aspects of chanting and meditating on the mantra.
  • It covers the preparatory steps (purvabhumika), the ideal environment (sthan), posture (asan), attire (vastra), various methods of chanting and meditation (dhyan prakriya), and the potential experiences (anubhav) of the practitioner during the process.

• Chapter 7: The Greatness (Mahatmya) of the Navkar Mantra:

  • This chapter elaborates on the profound benefits and powers attributed to the Navkar Mantra, drawing from Jain scriptures, ancient texts, and personal experiences. It highlights its role in overcoming obstacles, removing sins, granting auspiciousness, and ultimately leading to liberation (moksha).

• Chapter 8: Scientific Analysis of the Navkar Mantra:

  • This chapter attempts to bridge the gap between ancient spiritual wisdom and modern scientific understanding.
  • It explores how the mantra's vibrations, sound patterns, and rhythmic chanting can positively impact human consciousness, emotions, and physical well-being. It touches upon concepts like energy centers (chakras) and the potential for mental and spiritual transformation through systematic practice. It also discusses the psychological effects of repetitive chanting and the role of intention and faith in its efficacy.

• Chapter 9: Appendix:

  • This section includes supplementary material, such as illustrations depicting the mantra's significance, handwritten texts of the mantra by revered gurus (Yugacharyas), and a simplified explanation of the mantra for children (Balbodh). It also includes a bibliography of reference texts.

Key Takeaways Emphasized:

• Eternity and Universality: The Navkar Mantra is presented as eternal, predating the current Jain Tirthankaras, and possessing a universal appeal that transcends sectarian boundaries.
• Holistic Approach: The book covers the mantra from its linguistic and structural components to its profound philosophical meanings and practical applications.
• Spiritual and Scientific Validity: It strives to demonstrate that the mantra's effectiveness is not merely based on blind faith but also has a scientific and psychological basis.
• Personal Transformation: The ultimate goal of reciting and meditating on the Navkar Mantra is presented as the purification of the mind, the shedding of karmic bonds, and the attainment of spiritual liberation.
• The Power of Devotion and Intention: The book stresses the importance of sincere devotion, proper understanding of the mantra's meaning, and disciplined practice for reaping its full benefits.

In essence, "Navkar Mahamantra Ek Adhyayan" aims to be a complete guide and an academic treatise on the Navkar Mahamantra, making its profound teachings accessible and relevant to contemporary readers.