Namo Ayariyanam

This Jain text, "Namo Ayariyanam" by Muniraj Jayanandvijayji, is a detailed exposition on the significance and virtues of Acharyas (spiritual guides) within Jainism. Drawing heavily from the "Abhidhanrajendra Kosh" and various Jain scriptures like the Bhagavati Sutra and Mahanishith Sutra, the text aims to elucidate the multifaceted nature and importance of Acharyas.

Here's a comprehensive summary of the key points discussed in the text:

1. Introduction and Reverence for Acharyas:

• The text begins with a devotional verse honoring the Acharyas, comparing them to Tirthankaras and acknowledging their role in guiding disciples on the path of Jinendra (Tirthankaras).
• It emphasizes that Acharyas are revered because they practice and preach the Jain way of life, making them supremely beneficial to others.

2. The Meaning of "Acharya":

• The term "Acharya" is analyzed through its etymology and various interpretations from scriptures and commentaries.
• Core Meanings:
  • One who practices or is practiced (ā-charyati): This refers to their adherence to the rules and their being sought after by those seeking knowledge of the Jin Shasan (Jain teachings).
  • One who lives with discipline (ā-maryadayā charyante): They live according to prescribed boundaries and practices.
  • One who teaches and guides (āchāra-deśanā): They disseminate the Jain doctrine and practices.
  • One who explains the meaning of scriptures (sūtrārthāvagama-artham): They help seekers understand the profound meanings of Jain scriptures.
  • One who lives according to the path (āchāram-āgghayiti): They embody the righteous path.
  • One who practices the five types of conduct (Pañchavidh āchār): This refers to the knowledge and practice of the five core Jain principles and conduct.

3. Types of Acharyas (Nakshep - Classification): The text categorizes Acharyas into four types:

• Nāma-Acharya (Nominal Acharya): One who is merely called an Acharya but doesn't possess the true qualities.
• Sthāpanā-Acharya (Symbolic Acharya): A representation or image of an Acharya, installed for veneration.
• Dravya-Acharya (Material/Physical Acharya): One who possesses physical attributes or is associated with material aspects like crafts or worldly knowledge, even if not fully embodying spiritual conduct. This can also refer to those who are the cause or instrument for the practice of Dharma.
• Bhāva-Acharya (Spiritual Acharya): This is the most significant category, referring to those who truly embody the Jain principles, possess deep knowledge, and guide others towards liberation. They are described as being like Tirthankaras.

4. Qualities and Significance of Bhāva-Acharyas:

• Tirthankara-like Qualities: Bhāva-Acharyas are considered equivalent to Tirthankaras due to their comprehensive knowledge, virtuous conduct, and ability to alleviate suffering. They possess qualities like equanimity, self-control, detachment, fearlessness, and profound wisdom.
• Leading the Sangha (Community): They are the leaders of the Shraman Sangha (monastic community) and guide the disciples in various aspects of spiritual life, including scripture study, debate, and daily conduct.
• Bestowing Knowledge: They reveal the true path as laid down by the Jinas and clarify the scriptures, acting as eyes for those seeking liberation.
• Niyojan (Assigning Duties): They skillfully assign roles and responsibilities to capable disciples based on their aptitudes, ensuring the smooth functioning and growth of the Sangha. This is likened to a king appointing capable ministers or a king appointing his successor after testing them.
• Merit and Virtues: The text emphasizes that serving and honoring Bhāva-Acharyas brings immense merit and leads to spiritual progress and liberation. Their guidance is crucial for attaining the ultimate goal.

5. The Role of Guru-Bahumāna (Respect for the Guru):

• The text extensively discusses the importance of showing profound respect and devotion to the Guru. This respect is considered the primary cause for spiritual progress and liberation.
• It highlights that even a Guru who might be seen as lacking in certain superficial qualities but possesses the core monastic conduct (mulaguna) should be respected. This is exemplified by the story of Chandrurudra Acharya.
• Serving the Guru through various means like fetching water, serving food, studying scriptures under their guidance, and adhering to their instructions leads to immense spiritual benefits.

6. Conduct and Qualities of Disciples:

• Disciples are urged to be attentive, diligent, and to follow the Guru's instructions implicitly.
• They should understand the Guru's mind and act accordingly.
• The text advocates for maintaining equanimity (maitri, pramoda, karunya, madhyastha) and refraining from engaging in activities that displease the Guru.
• A disciple who lives in the Guru's presence and follows their commands is considered a true disciple.

7. Actions and Their Consequences:

• The text touches upon the concept of Antaraya (obstructions) which can prevent even capable individuals from performing meritorious actions like giving donations or practicing austerities.
• It emphasizes the importance of not causing harm (ahimsa) and speaking truthfully and constructively.

8. Conclusion:

• The text concludes by reiterating the paramount importance of understanding the true nature of Bhāva-Acharyas and diligently following the path shown by them. This, it suggests, will lead to the growth of the path to liberation.

In essence, "Namo Ayariyanam" is a devotional and scholarly treatise that elevates the status of Acharyas, particularly the spiritual ones, portraying them as indispensable guides on the Jain path to salvation. It provides a framework for understanding their multifaceted roles, virtues, and the profound impact they have on the spiritual journey of their disciples and the Jain tradition as a whole.