Meri Jivan Gatha - Book Summary

This comprehensive summary of "Meri Jivan Gatha" (My Life Story) by Kshullak Ganeshprasad Varni is based on the provided text, focusing on the key events, themes, and influences on the author's life as presented in the initial pages and the table of contents.

Title: Meri Jivan Gatha (My Life Story) Author: Shri 105 Kshullak Ganeshprasad Varni Publisher: Shri Ganesh Varni Digambar Jain Sansthan, Varanasi Language: Hindi (with English translation of title provided) Edition: Third Edition (V.N.S. 2532 / 2006 A.D.)

Overview:

"Meri Jivan Gatha" is the autobiography of Kshullak Ganeshprasad Varni, a revered figure in the Jain community, known for his selfless service and contributions to education. The book is considered a significant work in Hindi autobiographical literature, possibly one of the earliest and most unique after Banarasidas's "Ardhakathanak." The text provided covers the initial pages, including the title page, publisher details, acknowledgments, introduction, table of contents, and the beginning of the author's life story.

Key Aspects and Themes:

The Author's Humble Beginnings: The first part of the autobiography begins with Ganeshprasad Varni's birth in Samvat 1631 (V.N.S. 2532 corresponds to 2005-2006 A.D. as per the publication year, but his birth year is V.N.S. 1631 as stated in the text) in the village of Hasera, district Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh. He was born into an 'Asati' Vaishya caste family, which was generally Vaishnavite. His father, Hiralalji, was a simple shopkeeper. The author vividly describes the economic conditions of the time, highlighting the affordability of goods like wheat, ghee, and oil, and the prevalence of home-spun clothing. He also notes the general robustness of people's health and the absence of debilitating diseases like tuberculosis, attributing this to a simpler, more wholesome lifestyle.
Early Fascination with Jainism: Despite his family's Vaishnavite background, Ganeshprasad Varni developed a strong inclination towards Jainism from childhood. This attraction was partly influenced by his proximity to a Jain temple and the peaceful coexistence of Jain neighbors. He recounts a significant moment in his childhood (around age 10) when, after hearing a discourse on detachment and the vow of renouncing nighttime meals, he decided to give up his nighttime meal permanently. This act, he believes, was a pivotal step that led him towards becoming a Jain. He also expresses his disagreement with certain aspects of Hindu scriptures, like the portrayal of Ravana and Hanuman, finding more resonance with Jain narratives.
Guidance from Mentors and Influential Figures: The autobiography highlights the role of influential individuals in shaping the author's spiritual and intellectual journey.
- Pandit Moolchandraji Brahman: His childhood Sanskrit teacher, described as a very gentle and virtuous person.
- Shri Bhayaji (Kadorilalji Bhayaji): An elder figure with whom the author developed a close relationship. Bhayaji advocated for a gradual approach to spiritual practice, emphasizing the importance of first acquiring true knowledge (tattvajñana) before embracing renunciation. He also offered profound advice on the nature of dharma, cautioning against superficial adherence to rituals and emphasizing the internal transformation of the soul.
- Chironjabaiji: A virtuous and compassionate lady from whom the author received maternal affection and guidance. She strongly supported his spiritual leanings and even encouraged him to invite his mother and wife to join him in his path, indicating her profound faith and willingness to embrace others into the fold.
- Pandit Deepchandji Varni: Another significant figure, revered as 'Babu Ji,' who was superintendent of a Jain school. The author was inspired by his life and later felt the urge to have his biography written.
- Pandit Gopaldasji Varaiya: A scholar and influential figure in the Jain community, whose association was instrumental in the author's intellectual growth.
- Pandit Thakkurdasji: Mentioned in the context of a potential insult to Jainism, which the author addresses.
The Struggle with Family and Societal Norms: The author's deep commitment to Jainism often brought him into conflict with his family, particularly his mother, who initially struggled to accept his conversion. His resolve to adhere to Jain principles, even to the point of refusing food from his mother if she did not embrace Jainism, demonstrates his unwavering conviction. He also faced societal pressures and potential excommunication when he refused to partake in a communal meal due to perceived impurities.
The Pursuit of Knowledge and Education: The text emphasizes the author's dedication to acquiring knowledge. His middle school education was cut short due to limited facilities in his village, leading to a period of inactivity. His journey to Jaipur was driven by the desire for higher learning. The establishment of educational institutions like the Syadvad Vidyalaya in Varanasi and the Shri Ganesh Digambar Jain Vidyalaya in Sagar is presented as a major life mission, reflecting his belief in the power of education for societal upliftment and the preservation of Jain heritage.
Adherence to Principles and Self-Discipline: The author's life story is marked by a consistent effort to follow religious principles, even when it involved personal hardship. His vow of lifelong abstention from nighttime meals, his commitment to purity in food and conduct, and his acceptance of difficult circumstances highlight his strong character and adherence to vows.
The Role of Faith and Destiny: Throughout his life, the author faced numerous challenges, including illness, financial difficulties, and personal loss. His narratives often touch upon the role of faith in overcoming these obstacles, attributing his survival and progress to divine grace and the impact of his spiritual convictions, particularly his faith in the 'Namokar Mantra.'
Social Commentary and Observations: The author, through his experiences, offers insights into the social and economic conditions of his time, the prevailing religious sentiments, and the importance of cultural and philosophical learning. He touches upon the need for intellectual engagement with other philosophies, including Marxism, to counter its influence and preserve traditional Indian thought. He also critiques societal practices that prioritize external rituals over inner understanding and points out the disconnect between wealth and its responsible utilization for societal good.
The Importance of the 'Meri Jivan Gatha' Itself: The author's own contemplation of his life story suggests that it is intended to be more than just a personal account. It is presented as a source of inspiration, meant to foster a love for learning, renunciation, unwavering resolve, and faithfulness to Dharma.

Content Highlighted in the Table of Contents:

The extensive table of contents reveals a chronological and thematic journey through the author's life, touching upon:

His birth and early attraction to Jainism.
Key mentors and influential encounters (e.g., Kadorilalji Bhayaji, Chironjabaiji).
Significant travels and visits to Jain pilgrimage sites (Jaipur, Shikharji, Reshandigiri, Kundalpur, Ramtek, Muktagiri, Gaja Pantha, Bombay, Nasik, Poona, Agra, Jaipur, Delhi, Ajmer, Fatehpur Sikri, Udaipur, Mount Abu, Palitana, Girnar, Dwarka, Somnath, Ujjain, Indore, Baroda, Mount Abu, Delhi, Agra, Mathura, Khurja, Shikharji, Banaras Hindu University, various Gurukuls, and many more pilgrimage sites).
His educational pursuits and academic achievements.
The establishment and development of educational institutions.
His interactions with prominent Jain scholars and leaders.
Reflections on Jain philosophy, history, and societal issues.
Personal struggles, illnesses, and moments of deep spiritual reflection.
The role of faith and adherence to principles.
His eventual renunciation and role as a Kshullak.

Overall:

"Meri Jivan Gatha" is more than a biography; it's a testament to a life dedicated to spiritual pursuit, intellectual exploration, and the propagation of Jainism through education. It offers a rich historical and cultural tapestry of India during the author's lifetime, viewed through the lens of a devout Jain monk. The book is a valuable resource for understanding the life and times of Kshullak Ganeshprasad Varni and the broader context of Jainism in India.