Kasaypahudam Part 09

This Jain text, "Kasaypahudam Part 09," authored by Gundharacharya and edited by Fulchandra Jain Shastri and Kailashchandra Shastri, published by Bharatvarshiya Digambar Jain Sangh, is a profound philosophical and spiritual treatise. It delves into the intricate workings of karma, specifically focusing on the "Bandhaka" (binder) adhikara, which is the sixth chapter.

Key Concepts and Themes:

• Kashayas (Passions): The text is primarily concerned with the four Kashayas – Mithyatva (false belief), Avirati (non-restraint), Pramad (negligence), and Krodha (anger), Man (pride), Maya (deceit), Lobha (greed). These are the root causes of bondage in the cycle of birth and death.
• Bandha (Bondage): The central theme is the process by which karmic particles attach to the soul, causing bondage. This involves the interaction of karmic matter with the soul's activities, influenced by the Kashayas.
• Sankrama (Transmigration/Change): A significant portion of the text explains the concept of Sankrama, which refers to the transformation and flow of karmic matter from one type to another. This includes:
  • Prakriti Sankrama: The change of karmic matter from one nature to another.
  • Sthiti Sankrama: The change in the duration of karmic fruition.
  • Anubhaga Sankrama: The change in the intensity or sweetness of karmic fruition.
  • Pradesha Sankrama: The change in the quantity or number of karmic particles.
• Anuyoga Dwara (Lines of Inquiry): The text meticulously analyzes these karmic processes through various "Anuyoga Dwara" or analytical perspectives. These include:
  • Naya (Standpoints): Different philosophical viewpoints used to understand karma.
  • Nikshepa (Categories of Analysis): Ways of categorizing phenomena, such as by name, symbol, substance, place, time, and mental state.
  • Samitva (Authorship/Ownership): Determining who or what is responsible for certain karmic processes.
  • Kala (Time): Analyzing the duration of karmic processes.
  • Bhaga-Bhaga (Proportional Distribution): Understanding the relative proportions of different karmic effects.
  • Alpa-Bahutva (Lessness and Muchness): Comparing the intensity or extent of various karmic influences.
• Jayadhavala Commentary: The text is a part of the extensive Jayadhavala commentary, which provides detailed explanations and interpretations of the original Kasayaprahut Sutras by Acharya Virasenacharya, who commented on the works of Acharya Gunadharacharya and Yativrishabhacharya.

Structure and Content (Based on the provided text fragments):

The provided text focuses on the latter part of the "Bandhaka" (binder) chapter, specifically detailing the complex processes of Anubhaga Sankrama (change in the intensity of karmic fruition) and Pradesha Sankrama (change in the quantity of karmic particles).

Anubhaga Sankrama:

The text elaborates on the two types of Anubhaga Sankrama:

1. Mula Prakriti Anubhaga Sankrama: Change in the intensity of karmic matter belonging to the primary karmic categories (like Mohaniya Karma). This primarily occurs through Apakarshana (reduction) and Utkarshana (enhancement) of intensity.
2. Uttara Prakriti Anubhaga Sankrama: Change in the intensity of karmic matter belonging to the secondary or derived karmic categories (like specific types of Mohaniya Karma such as Mithyatva, Kashayas, etc.). This occurs through Apakarshana, Utkarshana, and Paraprakriti Sankrama (transfer to another category).

The text then proceeds to analyze these Sankramas through various Anuyoga Dwaras, discussing:

• Properties of Sankrama: Concepts like "arthapada" (meaningful terms), "pratyaya" (causes), and "nityata" (eternality) are used to explain the nature of these karmic changes.
• Time and Quantification: The duration and the number of souls involved in these processes are meticulously detailed, using numerical and temporal references (e.g., "antarmuhurta," "sagaroppama," "pudgala parivartana").
• Specific Karmic Mutations: The text dives deep into how the intensity of specific karmas like Mohaniya (delusion-causing karma) changes, including its subtypes like Mithyatva, the four Kashayas, and the nine Nokashayas.
• Detailed Analysis of Sankrama Types: The text distinguishes between different types of Sankrama like Udvellana Sankrama, Vidhyata Sankrama, Adhahpravṛtta Sankrama, Guna Sankrama, and Sarva Sankrama, explaining their mechanisms and characteristics.
• Alpa-Bahutva (Lessness and Muchness): A significant portion is dedicated to comparing the quantitative aspects of these karmic processes, explaining which type of karmic transformation is more prevalent or intense.

Pradesha Sankrama:

This section explains the change in the quantity of karmic particles.

• Rejection of Mula Prakriti Sankrama: The text clarifies that Mula Prakriti (primary karmas) do not undergo Pradesha Sankrama amongst themselves due to their inherent nature.
• Uttara Prakriti Pradesha Sankrama: However, Uttara Prakriti (secondary karmas) do undergo Pradesha Sankrama.
• Types of Pradesha Sankrama: Similar to Anubhaga Sankrama, the text details specific types:
  • Udvellana Sankrama: A process of transferring karmic particles that occurs without specific modifications in causal energies, likened to twisting a rope.
  • Vidhyata Sankrama: A type of transmigration influenced by specific causal conditions.
  • Adhahpravṛtta Sankrama: Transmigration that occurs at the time of the formation of karma itself.
  • Guna Sankrama: Transmigration influenced by the quality or virtue.
  • Sarva Sankrama: Complete transmigration of all karmic particles.
• Quantification and Comparison: The text continues to analyze the quantitative aspects of these processes, comparing them through the lens of "Alpa-Bahutva."

Publisher and Editions:

The text is published by the Bharatvarshiya Digambar Jain Sangh, Chaurasi, Mathura. The catalog link points to a digital repository of Jain literature, indicating the efforts to preserve and disseminate these ancient scriptures. The mention of first and second editions (1963 and 2000) suggests the ongoing relevance and study of this work.

Overall Significance:

"Kasaypahudam Part 09" is a vital text in Jain philosophical literature, offering a deep and rigorous analysis of karma. It illuminates the subtle mechanisms by which karmic bondage occurs and how karmic states can transform. The Jayadhavala commentary, with its meticulous explanations, makes these complex concepts accessible to dedicated scholars, contributing significantly to the understanding of Jain ontology and soteriology. The emphasis on the Kashayas as the driving force behind karmic influx and transformation underscores the Jain path of liberation through the control and eradication of passions.