Kasaypahudam Part 05 - Book Summary

The provided text is the fifth part of the Jain text "Kasaypahudam" (कषायपाहुड़), titled "Anubhagavihutti" (अणुभागविहत्ती). This part, compiled and commented upon by Gundharacharya, Yativrishabhacharya, and Virasenacharya, delves deeply into the concept of Anubhaga (अनुभाग), which refers to the potential or intensity of karmic bondage, specifically its manifestation as the fruition or result of karma.

Here's a comprehensive summary of the key aspects discussed in the text, based on the provided pages:

Core Concept: Anubhaga (अनुभाग)

Definition: Anubhaga is explained as the inherent capacity of karma to yield its specific fruit or result. It is the qualitative aspect of karma.
Two Types of Anubhaga: The text distinguishes between two types of anubhaga:
1. Anubhaga obtained at the time of bondage (Bandha-kale prapta anubhaga): This is considered in the Mahabandha text, not in this section.
2. Anubhaga that remains in the state of existence (Sattarupa avasthita anubhaga): This is the focus of the current section. It refers to the anubhaga that persists from the time of bondage until its fruition. This anubhaga can remain the same as it was at the time of bondage or change due to specific actions.

Structure of the Text:

The text follows a structured approach to analyze Anubhaga, primarily through a series of Anuyogadvaras (अनुयोगद्वार), which are investigative categories or methods of analysis. The text mentions that there are 23 Anuyogadvaras for the study of Mulaprakriti Anubhaga Vibhakti (मूलप्रकृति अनुभागविभक्ति - Anubhaga pertaining to root karmic categories) and further discussions on other categories like Bhujagara (भुजगार), Padanikshetra (पदनिक्षेप), Vriddhivibhaktivibhaga (वृद्धिविभक्ति), and Sthanapranpana (स्थानप्ररूपणा).

Key Anuyogadvaras and Concepts Discussed (as indicated in the provided text):

Sanna (संज्ञा - Nomenclature/Classification):
- Two Types:
  - Ghatisanna (घातिसंज्ञा - Classification related to destruction): Refers to karma that destroys the soul's virtues. Mohaniya Karma (मोहनीय कर्म - Delusion Karma) is considered Ghatisanna.
    - Ghatisanna Types: Sarvghati (सर्वघाति - completely destructive) and Deshghati (देशघाति - partially destructive). Mohaniya's highest anubhaga is Sarvghati, while its lower anubhaga can be both Sarvghati and Deshghati.
  - Sthanasanna (स्थानसंज्ञा - Classification based on intensity/level): Refers to the levels or intensities of anubhaga.
    - Sthanasanna Types: Eksthanika (एकस्थानिक - one level), Dvisthanika (द्विस्थानिक - two levels), Tristhanika (त्रिस्थानिक - three levels), and Chatuszthanika (चतुःस्थानिक - four levels). These are often described using analogies like vine (लता), wood (दारु), bone (अस्थि), and rock (शैल) to represent increasing intensity.
Sarva-Nausarva Vibhakti (सर्व-नोसर्व विभक्ति - All-pervading vs. Less-than-all-pervading Distribution): Refers to the distribution of anubhaga across all possible conditions or souls.
Utkrushta-Anutkrushta Vibhakti (उत्कृष्ट-अनुत्कृष्ट विभक्ति - Highest vs. Less-than-highest Distribution): Discusses the highest and less-than-highest levels of anubhaga.
Jaghanya-Ajaghanya Vibhakti (जघन्य-अजघन्य विभक्ति - Lowest vs. Not-lowest Distribution): Discusses the lowest and not-lowest levels of anubhaga.
Sadi-Anadi-Dhruva-Adhruva Vibhakti (सादि-अनादि-ध्रुव-अध्रुव विभक्ति - With beginning-without beginning-permanent-non-permanent Distribution): Analyzes the temporal aspect of anubhaga, whether it has a beginning, is eternal, or is subject to change.
Swamitva (स्वामित्व - Ownership/Agency): Identifies which types of souls are associated with the ownership or the primary cause of a particular anubhaga. This involves considering classifications based on species, senses, mind, speech, body, country, time, etc. (Marganas).
Kala (काल - Time): Discusses the duration and temporal aspects of anubhaga in different states of existence.
Antara (अन्तर - Interval): Analyzes the time interval between the occurrence of certain anubhaga states.
Nana Jivon ki Apeksha Bhangavichaya (नाना जीवोंकी अपेक्षा भंगविच्य - Variations from the perspective of multiple souls): Examines how anubhaga varies across different souls.
Bhagabhaga (भागाभाग - Proportion/Ratio): Discusses the proportion or ratio of souls experiencing different anubhaga states.
Parimana (परिमाण - Quantity): Deals with the quantity of souls or the extent of anubhaga.
Kshetra (क्षेत्र - Space/Region): Analyzes the spatial distribution or the region where certain anubhaga states manifest.
Sparshana (स्पर्शन - Touch/Contact): Discusses the spatial extent of contact or manifestation of anubhaga.
Bhava (भाव - State/Disposition): Examines the state of the soul in relation to anubhaga, such as Audayika (औदायिक - resulting from current activity).
Alpabahutva (अल्पबहुत्व - Fewness vs. Muchness): Compares the number of souls or the extent of anubhaga under different categories.
Bhujagara (भुजगार - Increasing): This section seems to focus on the aspect of anubhaga increasing due to specific activities. It includes sub-categories like Alpatara (अल्पतर - Lesser), Avasthita (अवस्थित - Stable), and Avaktavya (अवकतव्य - Unspeakable).
Padanikshetra (पदनिक्षेप - Placement of terms): This appears to be a detailed examination of the nuances within the Bhujagara classification.
Vriddhivibhaktivibhaga (वृद्धिविभक्ति - Classification of increase): Focuses on the types of increase in anubhaga, potentially categorizing them into six types (sixfold increase and sixfold decrease).
Sthanapranpana (स्थानप्ररूपणा - Elaboration of levels/intensities): A detailed analysis of the four levels of anubhaga (Eksthanika, Dvisthanika, Tristhanika, Chatuszthanika), their causes, and characteristics.

Key Themes and Elaborations:

Detailed Classification: The text meticulously breaks down the concept of anubhaga based on the specific karmic permutations and combinations of soul states, birth circumstances ( gati), senses, mind, body, and spiritual development (guņasthana).
Detailed Analysis of Time: Extensive discussion on the duration of anubhaga states, considering factors like the time of bondage, potential for change, and the duration of existence in various states of the soul.
Agency and Ownership (Swamitva): The text identifies which types of souls are responsible for or associated with the manifestation of particular anubhaga states, particularly the highest and lowest ones.
Qualitative Distinction: The classification into Sarvghati and Deshghati, and the four levels of Sthanasanna, highlights the qualitative differences in the intensity and impact of karma.
Interplay of Causality: The text implicitly discusses the interplay of different causal factors, such as the role of passions (kashaya) and purity of consciousness in determining anubhaga.
Complex Analytical Framework: The reliance on 23 (and other) anuyogadvaras demonstrates the intricate analytical framework developed in Jainism to understand the subtle workings of karma.

In essence, "Kasaypahudam Part 05: Anubhagavihutti" is a profound treatise on the intensity and duration of karmic fruition. It provides a systematic and exhaustive analysis of how anubhaga operates across various conditions of existence, drawing upon the foundational principles of Jain metaphysics and the detailed commentaries of esteemed acharyas. The text aims to equip the practitioner with a deep understanding of the subtle nature of karma's fruition, which is crucial for spiritual liberation.