Kanakkushalvrutti Vishe Ketlik Nondh

Here's a comprehensive summary in English of the Jain text "Kanakkushalvrutti vishe Ketlik Nondh" by Trailokyamandanvijay, based on the provided pages:

This article, "Kanakkushalvrutti vishe Ketlik Nondh" (Certain Notes on the Commentary of Kanakkushal), authored by Muni Trailokyamandan Vijay, discusses the commentary by Shri Kanakkushal Gani on the "Namaskara" verses composed by the renowned Jain scholar Shri Hemchandracharya.

Key Points:

• The Namaskara Verses: The article begins by mentioning that Kalikal Sarvajna Shri Hemchandracharya composed 26 verses at the beginning of his monumental work, "Trishashtishalakapurushcharitra," as a benediction. These verses praise the Arhat, all Arhats, and the current twenty-four Tirthankaras of Bharat Kshetra. These verses are celebrated for their beauty and emotional depth and are a mandatory recitation in the weekly (Pakshik) Pratikraman (confession and repentance ritual) according to the Tapagachchha tradition.

• Shri Kanakkushal Gani's Commentary: Shri Kanakkushal Gani, a disciple of Shri Vijayasen Suri, composed a commentary on these 26 verses in the year 1654 of the Vikrama era (V.S.). This commentary is praised for its simple language, explaining the grammar (anvay and samas-vigraha) and is widely used by beginners in Sanskrit studies.

• Discovery of a Manuscript: The author received a manuscript copy of this commentary as a blessing from Pujya Pad Guru Bhagwant A. Shri Vijayashilchandra Suriji. Being an original copy written in the commentator's own hand, the author felt compelled to compare it with the printed version.

• Printed Version and Comparison: The printed version used for comparison was published by the Jinshasan Aradhana Trust and was a re-print of the edition compiled by Shri Punyavijayji, along with "Shiladuttam" and "Guravali."

• Distinction from "SakalArhat Stotra":

  • The article clarifies that the 33 verses recited in Pakshik Pratikraman are known as the "SakalArhat Stotra" because the first verse begins with the word "SakalArhat."
  • Within these 33 verses, the initial 25 of Hemchandracharya's verses are recited as verses 1 to 25, and the 26th verse is recited as verse 27.
  • Crucially, Kanakkushal Gani's commentary is only on the 26 verses by Hemchandracharya, not on the entire 33 verses of the "SakalArhat Stotra." Therefore, it cannot be considered the commentary on the currently prevalent "SakalArhat Stotra."

• Title Discrepancy: Although the printed version identifies the commentary as "SakalArhat Stotra Vrutti," the commentator himself and the manuscript title it as a commentary on "Namaskara." The colophon of the manuscript reads, "Thus ends the commentary on Namaskara composed by Shri Hemchandrasuri, who bears the title Kalikal Sarvajna. May it be auspicious for the remembrance of the first recitation." The printed version's colophon also mentions "Vrutti for the twenty-four Jin Namaskaras."

• Differences in Verse Recitation: The article notes that until recently, only these 26 verses were considered the "SakalArhat Stotra," and this was the extent of recitation in Pakshik Pratikraman. The author learned this from his guru. There are differences between the text of the verses as recited today and the text used by the commentator. Specific examples of these variations are provided in a table (though the exact differences are not detailed in the summary without seeing the table itself).

• Differences in Samas-Vigraha (Grammatical Analysis of Compound Words):

  • The article highlights significant differences in the grammatical analysis of compound words (samas-vigraha) between the printed version and the manuscript.
  • For instance, in the printed version and generally, compound words like "Mahendramahitah" (verse 9) are analyzed as first a Tatpurusha samas followed by a Bahuvrihi samas.
  • However, the manuscript consistently shows a three-part Bahuvrihi samas analysis (e.g., "Mahendrairmahito anhi yasya sa"). The author suggests that this might be for conciseness in the commentary.
  • Other examples of compound words with differing analyses are also provided (e.g., "Darshasankrantajagat" - verse 4, "Shāṇāgrōttējitāṅghinakhāvaliḥ" - verse 7, "Jyōtsnānirmlīkr̥tadiṅmukhaḥ" - verse 18, "Nidrāpratyūṣasamayōpamam" - verse 22).

• Other Grammatical Differences: Two other instances of differing grammatical analysis are noted:

  1. "Nishpari-graham" (verse 3): Printed analysis suggests "Nirgatā parigrahād iti" (meaning: who has gone from possessions), while the manuscript analysis is "Nirgataḥ parigrahō yasmāt saḥ" (meaning: from whom possessions have gone).
  2. "Nirmalīkāraḥ" (verse 23): Printed analysis is "Anirmalaṁ nirmalaṁ karōtīti nirmalīkāraḥ" (meaning: that which makes impure, pure), while the manuscript analysis is "Anirmalasya nirmalasya kāraḥ nirmalīkāraḥ" (meaning: the maker/cause of purity for the impure).

• Corrections and Textual Variations:

  • The article points out several places in the printed version that require correction based on the manuscript. Examples include "Bhavarōgēṇā'ārtāḥ" (printed) versus "Bhavarōgēṇā'ārtāḥ" (manuscript), "Niḥśrēyasaḥ" versus "Niḥśrēyasam," and "Jalānāṁ nairmalyaṁ" versus "Jalasy nairmalyaṁ."
  • It also lists several textual variations (pāṭhāntara) between the printed and manuscript versions. These include variations in verb forms (e.g., "Spardhate" vs. "Spardhati"), prepositions, and the meaning of certain words or phrases (e.g., "Kṛpaya manthare" vs. "Kṛpāyāṁ manthare (= sūcakē)" meaning "in the indicator").

• Additions in the Printed Version: The printed version, in comparison to the manuscript, includes some additions. For example, verse 16 includes "Karunākhyah tr̥tīyō rasaḥ" (the third emotion called compassion), and verse 22 includes the etymology of the name Munisuvrat. In verse 26, the word "Shri" is explained as "Lakshmi" in some places, referring to the "Ashtapratiharayalakshmi" (eight auspicious symbols of prosperity).

In essence, the article is a scholarly examination and comparison of a printed edition of Kanakkushal Gani's commentary on Hemchandracharya's Namaskara verses with an original manuscript copy. It highlights discrepancies in titles, verse recitation, grammatical analyses, and textual readings, providing valuable insights into the textual history and scholarly interpretation of this important Jain text.