Jain Sahitya Ka Bruhad Itihas Part 5

Here's a comprehensive summary of the provided Jain text, "Jain Sahitya Ka Bruhad Itihas Part 5: Laconic Sahitya," based on the text content:

Book Title: Jain Sahitya Ka Bruhad Itihas Part 5 (A Comprehensive History of Jain Literature, Part 5) Subtitle: Laconic Sahitya (Technical Literature) Author: Pt. Ambalal Pre. Shah Publisher: Parshwanath Shodhpith, Varanasi Editors: Pt. Dalsukh Malvania, Dr. Mohanlal Mehta Publication Year: First Edition 1969, Second Reprint 1993

Overall Goal: This fifth volume of the "Comprehensive History of Jain Literature" focuses on the technical or specialized literature (Lakshanik Sahitya) produced by Jain scholars throughout ancient times. The editors express their happiness and satisfaction in presenting this crucial part of Jain literary heritage. They highlight that Jain thinkers and scholars have significantly enriched Indian knowledge in these technical fields, writing in the popular languages of their times for the benefit of all. They lament that many Jains, including ascetics, are often unaware of this rich intellectual legacy. This volume aims to provide an introduction to these specialized areas, acknowledging that it's a first attempt and encouraging further research into unavailable or unpublished materials.

Content Overview: The book details the literature related to 27 specialized subjects that were prevalent and studied in ancient India. The preface emphasizes that while the mediums and methods of education have changed, the subjects themselves continue to be understood under new names, making the original technical terminology difficult to grasp for the general reader. The importance of history in the current era is also highlighted, with a call for continued search for historical traces and connections.

Key Technical Fields Covered (as indicated by the table of contents fragments):

The provided text offers a detailed list of the technical subjects covered in this volume, with a significant portion dedicated to Grammar (Vyakarana). The summary will focus on the scope and nature of the work as presented, particularly the extensive coverage of Grammar and a glimpse into other areas:

Detailed Summary of Key Sections:

• Introduction (Prakiriy): Emphasizes the richness of Jain contributions to technical literature, the need to preserve and research this heritage, and the current relevance of these ancient subjects.

• Grammar (Vyakarana) (Pages 3-76): This is the most extensively detailed section, covering a vast array of Jain grammatical traditions and works.

  • Definition and Importance: Grammar is explained as the science that clarifies the structure of language by analyzing roots and suffixes, preventing linguistic corruption, and making meaning clear. The difficulty and vastness of grammar are acknowledged, with an analogy of the swan separating milk from water to emphasize focusing on the essential.
  • Jain Contribution: It's noted that Jain scholars were motivated to create their own grammatical works when Brahmins dominated philosophical and scientific texts. This led to over a hundred independent and commentary-based Jain grammatical works, with many more potentially remaining in Jain Bhandars (archives).
  • Key Grammatical Traditions and Works:
    • Aindra-Vyakarana: Discusses a lost grammar attributed to Indra, with a tradition linking it to Lord Mahavir. It highlights the debate on whether Mahavir composed such a grammar in Sanskrit. Mentions the tradition of identifying the Jainendra grammar with Aindra.
    • Shabdaprabhrita (Saddhupahuda): Linked to the lost 12th Ang of Jain Agamas, Drishtivada, it's considered a source for grammar. This work is also lost.
    • Kshapanaka-Vyakarana: Refers to a grammar by a scholar named Kshapanaka, possibly a Jain scholar like Siddhasena Divakara. Mentions the existence of its commentary and Nyasa.
    • Jainendra-Vyakarana (Panchadhyayi): Attributed to Devandi (also known as Pujyapada or Jinendrabuddhi) of the Digambara sect, dating to the 6th century CE. It's considered the earliest available Jain grammar and has five chapters, known as Panchadhyayi. Its unique feature is the "ekashesha" (unique residue) process.
    • Shakatayana-Vyakarana: Composed by Shakatayana of the Yapaniya Sangha around 900 CE. It's considered the second available Jain grammar.
    • Panchagranthi or Buddhisagar-Vyakarana: Authored by Buddhisagar Suri in 1080 CE, considered the earliest available grammar for the Shvetambara Jains.
    • Siddha-Hema-Chandra-Shabd-Anushasana: Composed by the renowned Jain scholar Hemachandra Suri, likely around 1145 CE, dedicated to King Siddharaja Jayasingha. This is a highly comprehensive grammar with seven chapters for Sanskrit and an eighth for Prakrit, comprising 4685 main sutras. It's praised for its completeness, simplicity, and avoidance of complexities found in earlier grammars. Hemachandra's work is noted for its extensive use of existing traditions, particularly Shakatayana, while also introducing innovations.
    • Numerous Commentaries and Related Works: The section on Grammar extensively lists and describes various commentaries (Vrittis), Nyasas, Prakriyas, and other specialized grammatical works on these primary grammars, authored by numerous Jain scholars like Abhayandi, Prabhachandra, Shrutakirti, Mahachandra, Somdeva Suri, Jayananda Suri, Vinayavijaya, etc.
    • Other Grammars: Briefly mentions grammars like Kaatantra-Vyakarana (attributed to Sarvavarman and Katayayana, with Jain commentaries), Baalabodh-Vyakarana, Prema-labha-Vyakarana, Shabda-bhushana-Vyakarana, Prayogamukha-Vyakarana, Siddha-Sarasvata-Vyakarana, Upsarga-Mandana, Dhatu-manjari, Mishra-linga-kosh, Ling-anushasana, Unadi-pratyaya, Vibhakti-vichara, Dhatu-ratnakara, Kriti-kalapa, Anitkarika, Upaadi-nama-mala, Samasa-prakarana, Shabdaartha-chandrikodhdhara, Ruchaadi-gana-vivarana, Unadi-gana-sutra, Vishrantividyadhar-nyasa, Padavyavastha-sutrakarika, Kaatantra-vistara, and many others.

• Lexicography (Kosh) (Pages 77-96): This section covers Jain contributions to dictionary-making.

  • Importance: Kosh literature is crucial for understanding rare and traditional words, complementing grammar which focuses on derived words.
  • Key Works:
    • Payalachhi-nama-mala: The only available Prakrit dictionary, by the scholar Dhanpal Jain (10th century CE).
    • Dhananjaya-nama-mala: By the Digambara scholar Dhananjaya (estimated 10th-11th century CE), known for its unique method of word formation.
    • Abhidhana-Chintamani-nama-mala: A significant Sanskrit dictionary by Hemachandra Suri, following a similar structure to Amar-kosh but with distinct Jain contributions, including influence from Prakrit and Apabhramsha.
    • Anekaartha-Sangraha: Another work by Hemachandra Suri on words with multiple meanings.
    • Nighantu-Shesha: A botanical dictionary by Hemachandra Suri.
    • Deshi-Shabda-Sangraha (Desi-Namamala): A crucial work by Hemachandra Suri documenting native or colloquial words, crucial for linguistic study.
    • Other Dictionaries: Mentions works like Shabda-bheda-nama-mala, Shabda-sandoha-sangraha, Shabda-ratna-pradipa, Vishva-lochan-kosh, Nanaartha-kosh, Pancha-varga-sangraha-nama-mala, Apavarga-nama-mala, Ekaakshari-Nanaartha-kanda, Ekaakshara-nama-malika, Ekaakshara-kosh, Adhunik-Prakrit-kosh, Taurushki-nama-mala, and Farsi-kosh.

• Rhetoric and Poetics (Alankar) (Pages 97-130): This section details Jain works on literary embellishments.

  • Historical Context: Mentions the ancient understanding of 'Alankar' as beauty and decorative elements in poetry, tracing its development from Natya Shastra to later rhetoricians.
  • Jain Contribution: Highlights that Jain literature, even within religious texts, often employed poetic devices. Early mentions of poetic concepts and influences from figures like Pushpadanta and Jinavallabha Suri are noted.
  • Key Works:
    • Alankar-Darpan (Alankar-Dappan): An ancient Prakrit work on figures of speech.
    • Kavi-Shiksha: Possibly by Bappabhattisuri, though the work is lost.
    • Shringar-Manjari: By Ajitasena.
    • Kavya-nushasana: A significant work by Hemachandra Suri, serving as an alankara shastra.
    • Vagbhata-Alankara: A work by Vagbhatta, and numerous Jain commentaries on it.
    • Alankar-Mahodadhi: By Narendra Prabha Suri.
    • Kavya-Shiksha: By Vinayachandra Suri.
    • Kavi-Shiksha and Kavi-Taa-Rahasya: Mentioned in relation to Arisimha.
    • Kavya-Kalpalata-Vritti: A substantial commentary by Amarchandra Suri on a work called Kalpalata.
    • Kavya-Kalpalata-Parimal-Vritti and Kavya-Kalpalata-Manjari-Vritti: Other commentaries on Kalpalata.
    • Kavya-Kalpalata-Vritti-Makaraṇḍa Ṭīkā: A commentary on Kalpalata-Vritti.
    • Kavya-Kalpalata-Vritti-Ṭōkā: Another commentary.
    • Kavya-Kalpalata-Vritti-Bālābodha: A simplified commentary.
    • Alankara-Prabodha: Possibly by Amarchandra Suri, though the work is lost.
    • Kavya-nushasana: By Vāgbhaṭa.
    • Shringara-Arnavachandrika: By Vijaya Varni.
    • Alankara-Sangraha: By Amritanandi.
    • Alankara-Mandana: By Mandana.
    • Kavya-Alankara-Sara: By Bhava Deva Suri.
    • Akbar-Shahi Shringara-Darpan: By Padmasundara Gani, dedicated to Emperor Akbar.
    • Kavi-Mukha-Mandana: By Jnanameru.
    • Kavi-Mada-Parihara: By Shantichandra.
    • Kavi-Mada-Parihara-Vritti: A commentary on the above.
    • Mugdha-Medha-Alankara: By Ratnamandana Gani.
    • Kavya-Lakshaṇa: Unknown author.
    • Karna-Alankara-Manjari: By Trimalla.
    • Prakrantā-Alankara-Vritti: Commentary by Jinharsha's disciple.
    • Alankara-Churni: Unknown author.
    • Alankara-Chintamani: By Ajitasena.
    • Alankara-Chintamani-Vritti: Unknown author.
    • Vakrokti-Panchashika: By Ratnakara.
    • Rupa-Manjari: By Rupachandra.
    • Rupa-Mala: Multiple works with this title by different authors.
    • Kavya-Adarsha-Vritti: Commentary on Dandi's Kavya-Adarsha.
    • Kavya-Alankara: By Rudrata, with Jain commentaries.
    • Kavya-Alankara-Nibandhana-Vritti: By Ashadhara.
    • Kavya-Prakasha-Sanketa-Vritti: Commentary by Manikya Chandra Suri on Mammaṭa's Kavya Prakasha.
    • Kavya-Prakasha-Ṭīkā: Commentaries by Harsha Kula, Yashovijaya Gani, and others.
    • Kavya-Prakasha- Khandana (Vivriti): A critical commentary by Siddhi Chandra Gani.
    • Saraswati-Kantha-abharana-Vritti (Padaprakasha): Commentary on Bhoja's work.

• Prosody (Chanda) (Pages 130-150): This section details Jain works on metrical science.

  • Introduction: Defines 'Chanda' and its place in the Vedangas, noting its ancient use in Vedic and Jain religious texts.
  • Key Works:
    • Ratna-Manjusha: An anonymous Sanskrit work on prosody, notable for its unique classification of meters and the use of specific symbols.
    • Ratna-Manjusha-Bhashya: An anonymous commentary on Ratna-Manjusha.
    • Chandaḥ-Shastra: Attributed to Buddhisagara Suri, though the work is lost.
    • Chandonushasana: By Jayakirti, a Digambara Jain scholar, important for its coverage of Prakrit and Apabhramsha meters and for introducing new meters not found in Pingala.
    • Chandaḥ-Shekhara: By Rajasekhara.
    • Chandonushasana-Vritti: Commentary on Jayakirti's work.
    • Chando-Ratnavali: By Amarchandra Suri.
    • Chando-Vidya: By Rajamalla.
    • Pingala-Shiromani: By Kushala Laba.
    • Arya-Sankhya-Uddishta-Nashta-Vartana-Vidhi: By Samayasundara.
    • Vritta-Muktika: By Meghavijaya.
    • Chando-dvātrinshika: By Shekharagani.
    • Jayadeva-Chandas: A work by Jayadeva, with Jain commentaries.
    • Jaya-Deva-Chandah-Shastra-Vritti-Tippanaka: Commentary on Jayadeva's work.
    • Swayambhu-Chandas: An Apabhramsha grammar on prosody by Swayambhu.
    • Vritta-Jati-Samucchaya: By Virahanka.
    • Vritta-Jati-Samucchaya-Vritti: Commentary on Virahanka's work.
    • Gatha-Lakshaṇa: An ancient Prakrit work on Gatha meters by Nanditadhya.
    • Gatha-Lakshaṇa-Vritti: Commentary by Ratna Chandra.
    • Kavi-Darpaṇa: An anonymous Prakrit work on meters.
    • Kavi-Darpaṇa-Vritti: Commentary on Kavi-Darpaṇa.
    • Chandaḥ-Kosa: By Ratnashekhara Suri.
    • Chandaḥ-Kosa-Vritti: Commentary by Ratnashekhara Suri and Chandrakirti Suri.
    • Chandaḥ-Kosa-Bālābodha: Commentary by Amarakeerti Suri.

• Drama (Natya) (Pages 150-155): This section covers Jain contributions to theatrical arts.

  • Introduction: Defines drama as a means of relaxation for people experiencing joy and sorrow, enacted through gestures, speech, etc.
  • Key Works:
    • Natya-Darpaṇa: A significant work by Ramachandra Suri and Gunachandra Gani (Hemachandra's disciples), detailing aspects of drama, including 12 types of Rupakas and 11 types of Rupakas, along with discussions on stages, sentiments, emotions, and acting.
    • Natya-Darpaṇa-Vivriti: A self-commentary on Natya-Darpaṇa, offering detailed analysis and drawing from various sources.
    • Prabandha-Shata: A lost work by Ramachandra Suri, possibly related to dramatic compositions.

• Music (Sangita) (Pages 156-158): This section touches upon Jain works on music.

  • Introduction: Explains music as a combination of singing, instrumental music, and dance.
  • Key Works:
    • Sangita-Samaya-Sara: By Mahadeva and Parshvachandra (disciples of Abhayachandra).
    • Sangitopanishat-Sarodhdhara: A summary work by Sudhakala, based on Sangitopanishat.
    • Sangitopanishat: By Sudhakala, a substantial work.
    • Sangita-Mandana: By Mandana.
    • Sangita-Dipaka, Sangita-Ratnavali, Sangita-Sahapingala: Other works mentioned.

• Arts (Kala) (Pages 159-160): Briefly covers arts.

  • Chitra-varna-Sangraha: A text on painting techniques.
  • Kala-Kalapa: Possibly by Amarchandra Suri.
  • Mashi-Vichara: On ink-making.

• Mathematics (Ganita) (Pages 160-166): This section highlights Jain contributions to mathematics.

  • Scope: Defines the vastness of mathematics and its applications.
  • Jain Contribution: Mentions the four "Anuyogas" in Jain scriptures, with Ganitanuyoga being one. Jain scholars have produced mathematical texts, though fewer in number compared to other sciences.
  • Key Works:
    • Ganita-Sara-Sangraha: A significant work by Mahaviracharya, a Digambara Jain scholar, covering arithmetic, geometry, and algebra with unique analyses and problem-solving methods. It's noted for its comprehensiveness and sophisticated understanding of concepts like zero and fractions.
    • Shat-trinshika: Also by Mahaviracharya, focusing on algebra.
    • Ganita-Sara-Kaumudi: By Thakkara Pheru, a Jain scholar, written in Prakrit, drawing heavily from Bhaskara's Lilavati but also including original contributions on historical and scientific aspects of coinage and economics.
    • Pati-Ganita: By Anantapala Jain.
    • Ganita-Sangraha: By Yallacharya.
    • Siddha-Bhu-Paddhati: Mentioned with a commentary by Virasena.
    • Kshetra-Ganita: By Nemichandra.
    • Ishtaanka-Panchavishatika: By Tejasimha Gani.
    • Ganita-Sutra: Anonymous.
    • Ganita-Sara-Tika: Commentary on Shridhara's Ganita-Sara.
    • Ganita-Tilaka-Vritti: Commentary by Singh Tilaka Suri.

• Astronomy and Astrology (Jyotish) (Pages 167-196): This section details Jain works on celestial sciences.

  • Jain Agamic Texts: Mentions Surya Prajnapti, Chandra Prajnapti, Jyotishkarandak, and Ganividya from Jain Agamas.
  • Key Works:
    • Jyotissara: By Thakkara Pheru, a Prakrit text on astrology.
    • Vivaha-Padala: Anonymous Prakrit work on marriage astrology.
    • Lagna-Shuddhi: Possibly by Haribhadra Suri.
    • Kala-Samhita: Attributed to Kalaka Suri.
    • Ganahara-Hora: Anonymous Prakrit work on horary astrology.
    • Prashna-Paddhati: By Harishchandra Gani.
    • Joissadara (Jyotir): Anonymous Prakrit text.
    • Joissachakkaviar (Jyotish-Chakra-Vichara): By Vinayaka Kusal Muni.
    • Bhuvan-Dipaka (Graha-Bhava-Prakasha): By Padmaprabha Suri.
    • Rishi-Putra's Work: Mentioned as a work on NIMITTA (omens).
    • Arambha-Siddhi (Pancha-Vimarsha): By Udayaprabha Suri.
    • Mandala-Prakaraṇa: By Vinayakuśala Muni.
    • Bhadra-bahu-Samhita: A Sanskrit work attributed to Bhadrabahu, likely a rendition of a lost Prakrit original.
    • Jyotis-Sara: By Narachandra Suri.
    • Janma-Samudra: By Narachandra Upadhyaya.
    • Janma-Patri-Paddhati: Works by Narachandra Upadhyaya, Kalpanidhan Muni, and Mahimoday Muni.
    • Maanasagari-Paddhati: Anonymous, attributed to Manasagara Muni.
    • Phala-Phala-Vishayaka-Prashna-Patra: Possibly by Yashovijaya Gani.
    • Udaya-Dipika: By Meghavijaya Suri.
    • Prashna-Sundari: By Meghavijaya Suri.
    • Varsha-Prabodha (Megha-Mahodaya): By Meghavijaya Suri, a comprehensive work on meteorology and astrology.
    • Uttara-Lava-Yantra: By Megharal Muni.
    • Dosh-Ratnavali: By Jayaratna Gani.
    • Jataka-Dipika-Paddhati: Anonymous.
    • Janma-Pradipa-Shastra: Anonymous.
    • Kevala-Jnana-Hora: By Chandrasena Muni, a significant work on horary astrology with extensive coverage of various astrological principles and phenomena.
    • Yantra-Raja: By Mahendra Suri, useful for astronomical calculations and constructing instruments.
    • Jyotish-Ratnakara: By Mahimoday Muni.
    • Panchanga-Anayana-Vidhi: By Mahimoday Muni.
    • Tithi-Sarani: By Vāgji Muni.
    • Yashoraji-Paddhati: By Yashasagara Muni.
    • Trilokya-Prakasha: By Hemaprabha Suri, a work on Taajika (Persian astrology) influence.
    • Jo Sahira (Jyotir-Heera): Anonymous Prakrit work.
    • Jyotisa-Sara (Joish-Heer): By Heera Kalasha Muni.
    • Panchanga-Tattva: Anonymous.
    • Panchanga-Tattva-Tika: Commentary by Abhayadeva Suri.
    • Panchanga-Tithi-Vivaraṇa: Anonymous.
    • Panchanga-Dipika: Anonymous.
    • Panchanga-Patra-Vichara: Anonymous.
    • Balirāmananda-Sar-Sangraha: By Labhodaya Muni.
    • Gana-Sarani: By Lakshmi Chandra.
    • Lalchandi-Paddhati: By Labdhichandra.
    • Tippanakavidhi: By Mativishal Gani.
    • Hora-Makaraṇḍa: By Gunakarasuri.
    • Hayan-Sundara: By Padmasundara Suri.
    • Vivaha-Patala: Works by various authors, including Jain scholars like Abhayakushala and Padmasundara Suri.
    • Karana-Raja: By Munisundara Suri.
    • Deeksha-Pratishtha-Shuddhi: By Samayasundara.
    • Jyotisha-Prakasha: By Jnanabhushana.
    • Kheta-Chula: By Jnanabhushana.
    • Shashti-Samvatsara-Phala: By Durgadeva.
    • Laghu-Jataka-Ṭīkā: Commentaries by Bhaktilabha, Matisagara, and Laghu-Shyamasundara on Varahamihira's work.
    • Jataka-Paddhati-Ṭīkā: Commentaries by Sumatiharsha and Jinraj Suri on Shripati's work.
    • Tajika-Sara-Ṭīkā: Commentary by Sumatiharsha on Haribhatta's work.
    • Karana-Kutuhala-Ṭīkā: Commentary by Sumatiharsha on Bhaskara's work.
    • Jyotirvidābharaṇa-Ṭīkā: Commentary on a work attributed to Kalidasa (likely not the famous poet).

• Divination and Omens (Nimitta) (Pages 197-208): This section covers Jain works on predicting the future through omens.

  • Introduction: Explains divination through observing natural phenomena and animal behavior.
  • Key Works:
    • Shakuna-Rahasya: By Jintattasuri.
    • Shakuna-Shastra (Shakuna-Sāroddhāra): By Manikya Suri.
    • Shakuna-Avalī-Kathā-Kośa: By Haribhadra Suri.
    • Shakunāvali: Mentioned as potentially by Gautam Maharshi or Hemachandra Suri.
    • Sauna-Dara (Shakuna-Dvara): Anonymous Prakrit work.
    • Shakuna-Vichara: Anonymous Apabhramsha work.
    • Jaya-Pāhuḍ: Anonymous, considered a key text for Nimitta Shastra.
    • Nimitta-Shastra: By Rishiputra.
    • Nimitta-Pāhuḍ: Mentioned by Bhadrashura and Shīlānka Suri.
    • Yoni-Pāhuḍ (Yoni-Prabhṛta): A significant work by Dharasena, considered a foundational text for various occult sciences.
    • Risamu-Chaya (Rishta-Samucchaya): By Durgadeva.
    • Prashna-Vākaraṇa: Anonymous Prakrit work on horary astrology.
    • Sāṇaruya (Shvan-ruta): Anonymous Jain work on dog sounds.
    • Siddha-Ādeśa: Anonymous Sanskrit work on weather omens.
    • Uvassu'idara (Upashruti-Dvara): Anonymous Prakrit work on auditory omens.
    • Chāyā-Dara (Chhaya-Dvara): Anonymous Prakrit work on shadow omens.
    • Nāḍi-Dara (Nadi-Dvara): Anonymous Prakrit work on pulse reading.
    • Nimitta-Dara (Nimitta-Dvara): Anonymous Prakrit work on general omens.
    • Riṭṭa-Dara (Rishta-Dvara): Anonymous Prakrit work on misfortune.
    • Pipiliā-nāṇa (Pipilika-Jnana): Anonymous Jain work on ant omens.
    • Praṇaṣhṭa-Lābhādi: Anonymous Jain work on lost items and profit/loss.
    • Nāḍi-Vichara: Anonymous Prakrit work.
    • Megha-Mala: Anonymous Prakrit work on rainfall omens.
    • Chhinka-Vichara: Anonymous work on sneezing omens.
    • Siddha-Pāhuḍ (Siddha-Prabhṛta): Lost work on magical substances.
    • Prashna-Prakāśa: Attributed to Padaliptasuri.

• Dream Interpretation (Svapna) (Pages 209-210): This section lists Jain works on dream interpretation.

  • Key Works:
    • Suviṇadara (Svapna-Dvara): Anonymous Prakrit work.
    • SvApna-Shastra: By a Jain scholar, son of minister Durvaraj.
    • Sumiṇa-Sattariyā (SvApna-Saptatika): Anonymous Prakrit work with a commentary by Sarvadeva Suri.
    • Sumiṇa-Vichara: By Jinapal Gani.
    • Svapna-Pradipa (Svapna-Vichara): By Vardhamana Suri.

• Chudamani (Divination through Symbols/Letters) (Pages 211-213): This section covers works related to divination using symbols.

  • Key Works:
    • Arha-Chudamani-Sara: Also known as Chudamani-Sara or Jnana-Dipaka, attributed to Bhadrabahu.
    • Chudamani: A lost work on this subject.
    • Chandro-nmilana: Anonymous work on Chudamani.
    • Kevala-Jnana-Prashna-Chudamani: Attributed to Samantabhadra.
    • Akshara-Chudamani-Shastra: Anonymous Jain work on letter-based divination.

• Palmistry (Samudrika) (Pages 214-218): This section covers Jain works on reading palms and body features.

  • Key Works:
    • Anga-Vijja: An important anonymous work on physiognomy and omen interpretation.
    • Karalakhana (Karalaksana): Anonymous Prakrit work on palmistry.
    • Samudrika: Anonymous Sanskrit work on physiognomy.
    • Samudrika-Tilaka: By Durvaraj and his son Jagadeva.
    • Samudrika-Shastra: Anonymous Sanskrit work.
    • Hasta-Samjivana (Siddha-Jnana): By Meghavijaya Suri, a comprehensive work on palmistry.
    • Hasta-Samjivana-Tika: Commentary by Meghavijaya Suri.
    • Anga-Vidya-Shastra: Anonymous Jain work.

• Ramlashastra (Divination using Dice/Lots) (Pages 219-220): This section covers works on a form of divination originating from Arab traditions.

  • Introduction: Explains Ramlashastra as a system of divination using marked dice, likely introduced from Arab culture.
  • Key Works:
    • Ramala-Shastra: By Meghavijaya Suri.
    • Ramala-Vidya: By Bhojasagara and Vijayadeva.
    • Pashaka-Kevali: Attributed to Gargacharya.
    • Pāshākevalī: Anonymous work.

• Laksana (Character Reading/Distinguishing Features) (Pages 221-222): This section covers works on identifying characteristics.

  • Key Works:
    • Lakshana-Mala: By Jinabhadra Suri.
    • Lakshana-Sangraha: By Ratnashekhara Suri.
    • Lakshya-Lakshaṇa-Vichara: By Harikirti Suri.
    • Lakshaṇa: Anonymous work.
    • Lakshaṇa-Avachuri: Anonymous Jain commentary.
    • Lakshaṇa-Pankti-Katha: By Shrutasagara Suri.

• Āya (Divination concerning Profit/Loss, Specific Occurrences) (Pages 222-223): Covers works on predicting specific outcomes.

  • Key Works:
    • Āya-Nāṇa-Tilaka (Āya-Jnana-Tilaka): By Bhatta Vosari, focusing on auspicious and inauspicious outcomes based on eight 'Aya' symbols.
    • Āya-Sadbhava: By Mallishena Suri.
    • Āya-Sadbhava-Ṭīkā: Anonymous commentary.

• Argha ( Ritual Offerings/Prognostication related to Offerings) (Page 224):

  • Argha-Kanda: By Durgadeva, related to astrological implications of items for ritual offerings.

• Koshthaka (Magic Squares/Charts) (Pages 224-225): Covers works on magic squares used for divination or calculation.

  • Koshthaka-Chintamani: By Shilasundara Suri.
  • Koshthaka-Chintamani-Ṭīkā: Commentary by Shilasundara Suri.

• Ayurveda (Medical Science) (Pages 226-237): This extensive section details Jain contributions to medical literature.

  • Introduction: Highlights the significance of Ayurveda and Jain engagement with it.
  • Key Works:
    • Siddhanta-Rasayana-Kalpa: Mentioned as authored by Samantabhadra, though lost.
    • Pushpa-Ayurveda: Also attributed to Samantabhadra, lost.
    • Ashtanga-Sangraha: Mentioned as authored by Samantabhadra, influencing Ugraditya's Kalyāṇakāraka.
    • Nidana-Muktawali: Work with two sections on destinies.
    • Madana-Kama-Ratna: On aphrodisiacs and related matters, possibly by Pujyapada.
    • Nadi-Pariksha: Attributed to Pujyapada.
    • Kalyana-Karaka: A major Ayurvedic work by Ugraditya, with detailed sections on various diseases and treatments, notable for its Jain ethical framework.
    • Meru-Danda Tantra: By Gummadeva Muni.
    • Yoga-Ratna-Mala-Vritti: Commentary on Nagarjuna's work.
    • Ashtanga-Hridaya-Vritti: Commentary by Ashadhara on Vagbhatta's work.
    • Yoga-Shata-Vritti: Commentary on Vararuci's Yoga-Shata.
    • Yoga-Chintamani: By Harsha Kirti Suri.
    • Vaidya-Vallabha: By Hasti-ruchi Muni.
    • Dravya-avali-Nighantu: By Mahendra Muni, a botanical lexicon.
    • Siddha-Yoga-Mala: By Siddharshi Muni.
    • Rasa-Prayoga: By Somaprabhacharya.
    • Rasa-Chintamani: By Anantadeva Suri.
    • Magha-Raja-Paddhati: By Maghachandra Deva.
    • Ayurveda-Mahodadhi: By Sushena.
    • Chikitsotsava: By Hansaraja.
    • Nighantu-Kosa: By Amritanandi, with a Jain perspective on botanical terms.
    • Kalyana-Karaka: A rediscovered work, with detailed discussion on Ugraditya's lineage and dating.
    • Nadi-Vichara: Anonymous.
    • Nadi-Chakra and Nadi-Sanchara-Jnana: Anonymous.
    • Nadi-Nirnaya: Anonymous.
    • Jagat-Sundari-Prayoga-Mala: By Yashakirti Muni, a Prakrit work with medicinal and magical recipes.
    • Jvara-Parajaya: By Jayaratna Gani, a comprehensive work on fevers.
    • Sar-Sangraha: Also known as Akalank-Samhita.

• Economics and Political Science (Arthaśāstra & Nitiśāstra) (Pages 237-241): This section covers Jain texts on economics and ethics/statecraft.

  • Arthaśāstra: Mentions references to Arthashastra in early Jain literature, suggesting a lost Prakrit work on the subject.
  • Nitiśāstra:
    • Niti-Vakyāmṛta: A major work by Somadeva Suri, similar in scope to Kautilya's Arthashastra but with a distinct Jain ethical framework and simpler prose.
    • Niti-Vakyāmṛta-Ṭīkā: Commentary by Haribala.
    • Laghu-Ahniti: A simplified version of a larger niti text, possibly by Hemachandra Suri.
    • Kāmandakīya-Nītisāra: Mentioned with commentary by Siddhi Chandra.
    • Jina-Samhita: By Muni Jinaseṇa.
    • Raja-Niti: By Devidas.

• Shilpaśāstra (Arts and Crafts) (Pages 242-242): Covers architecture and craftsmanship.

  • Vāstu-Sāra: By Thakkara Pheru, on architecture and construction.
  • Shilpa-Shastra: Attributed to Bhattaraka Ekasandhi.

• Gemology (Ratnaśāstra) (Pages 243-246): Details Jain works on gems.

  • Introduction: Mentions the ancient scientific and empirical approach to gemology.
  • Jain Agamas: Cites mentions of gems in Prajnapana Sutra.
  • Key Works:
    • Ratna-Pariksha: By Thakkara Pheru, a significant work detailing 16 types of gems, their origins, qualities, value, and astrological associations, with unique insights into 14th-century trade.
    • Ratna-Pariksha: By King Soma.
    • Samasta-Ratna-Pariksha: Anonymous.
    • Mani-Kalpa: By Mantung Suri.
    • Hira-Pariksha: Anonymous Digambara work.

• Numismatics (Mudrāśāstra) (Pages 247-249): Covers Jain works on coins and currency.

  • Dravya-Pariksha: By Thakkara Pheru, a detailed study of medieval coins, their value, origin, and metallurgy, considered a unique work in Indian literature for its comprehensive approach.

• Metallurgy and Mineralogy (Dhātu-vijñāna) (Pages 249-250): Covers Jain works on metals and minerals.

  • Dhātu-utpatti: By Thakkara Pheru, on the properties and uses of various metals and minerals.
  • Dhatu-vāda-Prakaraṇa: Anonymous appendix to Ratna-Pariksha on alchemy.
  • Bhugarbha-Prakasha: By Thakkara Pheru, on geology and mineral resources.

• Zoology and Ornithology (Prāṇī-vijñāna) (Pages 250-252): This section covers Jain works on animals and birds.

  • Introduction: Mentions coverage of animal and bird anatomy, habits, and diseases in Ayurveda and other texts.
  • Key Works:
    • Mṛga-Pakshi-Shastra: By Hansa Deva Muni, a detailed work on the characteristics, habits, and classifications of animals and birds, including their lifespans and even symbolic interpretations.
    • Turanga-Prabandha: By Durvaraj.
    • Hasti-Pariksha (Gaja-Prabandha): By Durvaraj.

Overall Impression: "Jain Sahitya Ka Bruhad Itihas Part 5: Laconic Sahitya" is a scholarly endeavor to document and highlight the vast and specialized knowledge base of Jain tradition in various technical fields. The detailed coverage of Grammar, in particular, underscores the intellectual rigor and linguistic expertise of Jain scholars. The work serves as a valuable resource for researchers and students interested in the depth and breadth of Jain contributions to Indian intellectual history. The emphasis on lost works and the call for further research indicate the ongoing nature of understanding and appreciating this rich heritage.