Jain Jan

Here is a comprehensive summary of the provided Jain text, "Jain Jan" by Sukhlal Sanghavi, based on the given pages:

Central Theme: Redefining the "Jain Person" and the Nature of Existence

The text, delivered as a speech at a reception for the Mumbai Jain Youth Association's Silver Jubilee, critically examines the essence of being a "Jain person" and challenges conventional interpretations of life and the world. The author, Sukhlal Sanghavi, contrasts two fundamental attitudes towards life: one that views the body as impure and the world as inherently sorrowful, and another that perceives the world as filled with happiness and beauty.

Critique of the Pessimistic View and Advocacy for a Positive Outlook:

Sanghavi argues that the first attitude, which emphasizes the impurity and impermanence of the body and the suffering in the world, can lead to a life that is not only miserable but also artificial. He cites the principle "Lest we err," suggesting that much literature describing the world and life as sorrowful, impure, and impermanent can lead to unnecessary despair.

Conversely, he champions the second view, asserting that happiness is pervasive in the world. What one person perceives as suffering, another might see as happiness. He distinguishes between the act of renouncing suffering and the pre-emptive assumption of universal suffering. Sanghavi shares his personal transformation, stating that while he initially held the former view, his philosophical contemplation led him to believe that there is no inherent suffering in the world. He humorously illustrates this by appreciating the beauty of the assembly, the welcome, and the celebratory occasion.

The Influence of Mahatma Gandhi and the Universality of True Spiritual Figures:

Sanghavi draws a powerful parallel between historical spiritual figures like Buddha, Mahavir, Muhammad, and Jesus, and the lived example of Mahatma Gandhi. He asserts that Gandhi's actions and principles, observed firsthand, validated the spiritual ideals often described in scriptures and epics. For those who doubt the authenticity of figures like Rama, Krishna, Buddha, or Mahavir, Sanghavi suggests that witnessing Gandhi's life would dispel their skepticism. He quotes a verse emphasizing the absence of desire for kingdom, heaven, or rebirth, aligning it with Gandhi's dedication to humanity through action rather than mere preaching. This reinforces his belief that life is not sorrowful but rather filled with happiness and beauty.

Challenging Traditionalism and Hypocrisy within Jainism, Especially Regarding Untouchability:

A significant portion of the text is dedicated to a critique of what Sanghavi perceives as stagnation and hypocrisy within the Jain community, particularly concerning the issue of untouchability. He contends that despite Jainism being proclaimed a universal religion, a resistance to abandoning the "stone of untouchability" persists. Instead of addressing questions, some prefer to evade them. He criticizes the selective openness of temples, arguing that doors are open to those who exploit society, while those who are essential for a healthy life (like Harijans) are considered untouchable. He views this as profound foolishness, though he acknowledges that times are changing and the youth's mindset is shifting.

Redefining "Youth" and "Jain" Beyond Superficial Practices:

Sanghavi further elaborates on the meaning of "youth" and "Jain." He believes that true youth is not about age or physical strength but about the capacity for mental and heartfelt transformation. Merely praising ancient traditions without actively seeking to embody their virtues does not constitute youth. A true youth is one who diligently strives to acquire positive qualities.

Similarly, a true "Jain" is defined by their freedom from exploiting others' labor, their appreciation for the value of work, and their ability to overcome greed and temptation. He wishes for everyone to be a "Jain youth" in this profound sense.

The Erosion of "Shankh" (Reputation/Integrity) and its Consequences:

The author laments the decline of the Jain community's reputation, which was once characterized by integrity and trustworthiness. He recalls a time when Jain businesses were preferred for financial dealings, and Jains were known for their honesty in providing testimony. However, he notes a disturbing shift, with practices like black marketing now associated with some Jains, leading to a loss of their hard-earned reputation. Sanghavi emphasizes that this loss of "shankh" renders religious practices like temple attendance or adhering to specific vows ultimately meaningless. He concludes by stating that true honor and pride lie not in superficial acts like pulling hair or walking barefoot, nor in benefiting from others' service without reciprocating. Instead, true dignity is found in remaining honest and hard-working even in poverty.

In essence, the text is a powerful call for a more authentic, positive, and socially conscious interpretation of Jainism. Sanghavi urges Jains to move beyond outdated traditions and superficial practices, embrace a life of integrity, and actively contribute to the well-being of society, mirroring the true spirit of their faith and the noble examples of spiritual leaders.