Jain Dharmni Gai Kal Aaj Ane Aavti Kal

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Jain Dharmni Gai Kal, Aaj Ane Aavti Kal" by Gunvant Barvalia, based on the provided pages:

Overview:

This book, "Jain Dharmni Gai Kal, Aaj Ane Aavti Kal" (Jainism's Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow), is a collection of essays and research papers presented at the Jain Literature Knowledge Session organized under the guidance of Acharya Bhagwant Poojya Rajhans Suriji. The compilation, edited by Gunvant Barvalia, aims to explore the historical context, current state, and future trajectory of Jainism. It covers a wide range of topics, reflecting the multifaceted nature of Jain philosophy and practice.

Key Themes and Chapters:

The book is structured into various essays, each delving into a specific aspect of Jainism. Here's a summary of the major themes and contributions:

• Jainism: Past, Present, and Future (Dr. Sadhvi Aarti): This foundational essay emphasizes Jainism's glorious past, its present challenges, and its potential for a bright future. It highlights the core principles of Ahimsa (non-violence) and Anekantavada (multi-faceted reality) and how they have shaped Jain society. The essay also touches upon the significant role of women in preserving and propagating Jainism throughout history.

• Contribution of Women in Jainism (Padmashri Dr. Kumarpal Desai): This chapter meticulously details the elevated status of women in Jainism since its inception. It highlights how Jainism, by respecting all life forms, naturally extended this respect to women, granting them equal rights in religious and social spheres. Examples from the lives of women like Brahmmi, Sundari, Trishala Devi, Yashoda, and various Satijis demonstrate their intellectual prowess, spiritual dedication, and significant contributions to Jain philosophy and society.

• Character/Conduct (Charitra) Dharma: Past, Present, and Future (Dr. Ratanben Khimjibhai Chhadva): This essay focuses on the paramount importance of Charitra (conduct or character) in achieving Moksha (liberation) in Jainism. It traces the evolution of Charitra from the time of the Tirthankaras, emphasizing the adherence to vows and disciplines. It provides examples of exemplary conduct from Jain history and discusses how this principle continues to be upheld by contemporary ascetics and lay followers, despite the challenges of the modern era.

• Religious Education: Past, Present, and Future (Dr. Parvatiben Nenesh Khirani): This section examines the progression of religious education within Jainism. It highlights the oral tradition of the past, the establishment of formal institutions in the present, and the need for adapting methodologies for future generations. The essay stresses the importance of integrating modern tools and approaches, such as visual aids and interactive learning, to effectively impart Jain teachings to younger audiences.

• Jain Journalism: Past, Present, and Future (Manilal Gala): This chapter analyzes the role of Jain journalism in societal awakening and the propagation of Jain principles. It discusses the historical evolution of Jain publications, their challenges (including financial sustainability), and the current landscape, particularly in the digital age. The essay calls for responsible and insightful journalism that upholds Jain values and contributes to the welfare of all beings.

• The Link Connecting the Four-Fold Jain Community (Dr. Madhuben G. Barvalia): This essay explores the concept of the Chaturvedha Sangha (the four-fold community: monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen) and the crucial role of certain individuals or groups acting as a bridge between them. It highlights the emergence of the Shraman-Shramani category and the Samani tradition within the Terapanth sect as examples of such connecting links, facilitating the spread of Jainism in diverse geographical locations, including overseas.

• Jainism in Foreign Lands (Himmatlal S. Gandhi): This chapter provides a historical overview of Jainism's spread beyond India. It discusses the early diffusion of Jain principles, the misconceptions that arose (e.g., equating Jainism with Buddhism), and the pivotal role of scholars like Barrister Virchand Raghavji Gandhi and Acharya Shrimad Vijayanand Suri in presenting Jainism as an independent and ancient religion on the global stage, particularly at the Parliament of World Religions in Chicago. It also touches upon the current efforts to establish Jain centers and promote Jainism worldwide.

• Asceticism and the Journey of Monks (Dr. Sejal Shah): This essay reflects on the significance of Vihar (wandering) in the life of Jain ascetics. It describes the traditional practice of constant movement, the challenges faced in modern times due to increased traffic and safety concerns, and the need for adapting certain practices while maintaining the core principles of asceticism. It emphasizes the deep love and respect the public has for ascetics and the responsibility of the laity to support their journey.

• Jainism's Women (Dr. Jagruti Nalin Ghivala): This essay reiterates the elevated position of women in Jainism, drawing upon numerous historical and scriptural examples. It showcases women from various backgrounds – as mothers of Tirthankaras, scholars, renunciates, queens, and even courtesans – who achieved spiritual liberation and contributed significantly to Jain thought and practice. It highlights their strength, devotion, and intellectual capabilities.

• Jain Dharma and Charity (Daan) (Dr. Bhanuben J. Shah (Satra)): This chapter delves into the concept of Daan (charity/giving) as the first step in the path of Dharma. It traces the grand tradition of Varshidan (annual grand donation) in ancient times, exemplified by the Tirthankaras and revered by rulers like King Kumarpal. The essay contrasts this with the challenges of Daan in the present era, emphasizing the importance of purity in intention, action, and wealth for true spiritual merit. It also discusses the evolving nature of charity and the need for supporting those in need and preserving Jain heritage.

• Jain Temple Architecture: Past, Present, and Future (Dr. Renuka Porwal): This essay explores the architectural evolution of Jain temples, from ancient stupas and cave temples to the magnificent structures of today. It discusses the significance of various architectural elements, styles (Nagar and Dravidian), and the meticulous craftsmanship involved in their creation. The chapter also addresses the importance of preserving these invaluable heritage sites and the need for expert guidance in restoration efforts.

• Jainism and Charity (Daan) (Dr. Bhanuben J. Shah (Satra)): (This seems to be a repeat or overlap with point 13, focusing on the principles and practice of charity in Jainism, its historical significance, and its contemporary relevance, including the need for ethical wealth management and support for the less fortunate.)

• Jainism and Rituals (Aavashyak Sutra - Pratikraman) (Purnimaben Mehta): This essay explains the significance of Aavashyak (necessary duties) in Jain practice, particularly Pratikraman (confession and repentance). It outlines the six essential Aavashyaks and their role in spiritual purification, highlighting their importance for both ascetics and lay followers. The chapter discusses the variations in practice across different Jain traditions and the challenges of maintaining these practices in the modern context, especially regarding language and time constraints.

• The Best Support for Devotion to God: Jinadarshan and Jinpūjā (Kanubhai L. Shah): This chapter focuses on Jindarshan (seeing the Tirthankaras) and Jinpūjā (worship of the Tirthankaras) as fundamental aspects of devotion in Jainism. It provides detailed step-by-step guidance on performing the Trikal Puja (worship thrice daily) and emphasizes the importance of reverence, proper etiquette, and a pure heart in these practices. The essay also touches upon the need for improved religious education and the scientific basis of Jain practices to appeal to the modern generation.

• Shasan Prabhavna (Hemang Ajmera): This essay discusses the concept of Shasan Prabhavna (enhancing the glory of the Jain tradition). It highlights the historical efforts of Jain scholars and ascetics in spreading Jain teachings and the role of modern media and technology in this endeavor. The essay stresses the importance of translating Jain scriptures into various languages, promoting Jain principles globally, and engaging the youth through contemporary methods.

• Jain Literature Creation (Bharti Deepak Mehta): This chapter provides a historical overview of Jain literature, its prolific output, and its diverse forms. It highlights the significant contributions of Jain ascetics and scholars in creating a rich body of work encompassing philosophy, history, ethics, and devotional poetry. The essay also discusses the challenges of preserving ancient manuscripts and the contemporary efforts to make Jain literature accessible through modern technologies.

• Jain Tradition (Miteshbhai A. Shah): This essay delves into the historical lineage and traditions of Jainism, particularly from the Digambara perspective. It traces the transmission of knowledge from Tirthankaras through various Acharyas and the subsequent divergence of sects. The chapter acknowledges the current diversity within Jainism and calls for unity and the propagation of core Jain principles like Ahimsa, Anekantavada, and Aparigraha for a brighter future.

• Jainism and Tap (Dr. Utpala Modi): This chapter focuses on Tapa (asceticism and penance) as a crucial element of Jain spiritual practice for purifying the soul from karmic bonds. It provides numerous examples of rigorous penance performed by ascetics and lay followers throughout history and in contemporary times. The essay underscores the importance of Tapa for self-discipline, spiritual progress, and ultimately, liberation.

Overall Message:

The book collectively presents Jainism as a profound and timeless philosophy with a rich historical legacy, a vibrant present, and a promising future. It emphasizes the enduring relevance of its core principles, the significant role of its followers (both ascetics and laity, including women), and the continuous efforts to adapt and propagate its teachings in an ever-changing world. The compilation serves as a valuable resource for understanding the depth and breadth of Jainism.