Gujaratni Asmitana Anokha Aavirbhavak Hemchandracharya

Here is a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Gujaratni Asmitana Anokha Aavirbhavak Hemchandracharya" by Dhananjay J Jain, based on the provided pages:

The book, published by Jaypadma Prakashan, is a biographical account of Acharya Hemchandracharya, a pivotal figure in Gujarati history and Jainism. The work is presented as an offering to esteemed Jain monks, particularly Pujya Ganivarya Shri Jinchandrasagarji Maharaj and Pujya Munivarya Shri Jayachandravijayji Maharaj, and is dedicated to the memory of Sadhvi Padmyashashriji Maharaj.

Core Themes and Content:

• Hemchandracharya as the Catalyst of Gujarati Identity: The title itself, "Gujaratni Asmitana Anokha Aavirbhavak Hemchandracharya" (Hemchandracharya, the Unique Manifestor of Gujarati Identity), establishes the central thesis: Hemchandracharya was instrumental in shaping and elevating the cultural and intellectual identity of Gujarat.
• Early Life and Renunciation: The book details Hemchandracharya's birth in Dhundhka, Gujarat, to parents Chach and Pahini Devi. Born as Changdev, his destiny as a great spiritual and intellectual leader was foreseen by Acharya Devchandrasurishwarji, whose tears of concern for the Jain faith are presented as a divine catalyst for Hemchandracharya's appearance. The narrative highlights the significant event of his mother, Pahini, dedicating him to the Jain order, a profound act of maternal sacrifice for spiritual progress.
• Spiritual and Intellectual Journey: From Changdev to Somchandramuni and finally to Acharya Hemchandrasuri, the book chronicles his rise through spiritual disciplines and rigorous study. His early promise is evident in instances like him occupying his guru's seat as a child. His profound intellect is demonstrated through his early mastery of various subjects and his influential interactions, such as convincing Queen Mainal Devi on the importance of the Swetamber perspective in a debate.
• Scholarly Contributions: A significant portion of the book is dedicated to Hemchandracharya's monumental literary and scholarly achievements. His most famous work, the "Siddhhem Shabdanushasan" (a comprehensive grammar of Sanskrit and Prakrit), is highlighted. The book details its creation at King Siddharaj's behest, the grand reception of the work, and its profound impact on linguistic scholarship. Other significant works mentioned include:
  • Lexicons: Abhidhan Chintamani, Anekarth Sangrah, Deshi Namamala, Nighantu Sangrah.
  • Literary Criticism: Kavyanusashan (with commentaries).
  • Prosody: Chhandanushasan.
  • Philosophy and Logic: Praman Mimansa, Yogashastra.
  • Biographies: Trishashthi Shalaka Purush Charitra (biographies of 63 great individuals), Parishishta Parva (continuing the lineage and history).
  • Poetry and Devotional Works: Various stotras (hymns) like Vitrag Stotra, Mahadev Stotra, and others.
• Relationship with Kings Siddharaj and Kumarpal: The book emphasizes Hemchandracharya's significant influence on the powerful Solanki rulers of Gujarat, Siddharaj Jaysinh and Kumarpal. He served as a spiritual advisor, intellectual mentor, and moral guide to both kings.
  • Siddharaj: Hemchandracharya's wisdom and eloquent verses impressed Siddharaj, leading to a close association. The creation of the "Siddhhem" grammar was a testament to their intellectual collaboration.
  • Kumarpal: Hemchandracharya played a crucial role in Kumarpal's ascent to the throne and his eventual transformation from a potentially wayward prince to a devout Jain ruler and a proponent of Ahimsa (non-violence). The book narrates how Hemchandracharya's prophecies about Kumarpal's reign came true and how he guided Kumarpal towards spiritual enlightenment, convincing him to embrace Jain principles and implement Ahimsa throughout his kingdom.
• Ahimsa and Social Reform: The book underscores Hemchandracharya's commitment to Ahimsa. His influence led to Kumarpal's royal decrees prohibiting the killing of animals, thus establishing a precedent for a welfare state rooted in compassion.
• Ecumenical and Tolerant Approach: Despite being a staunch Jain Acharya, Hemchandracharya demonstrated remarkable tolerance and respect towards other religions and philosophies. His interactions with Siddharaj and the debates with scholars of other faiths highlight his ability to find common ground and promote understanding, a trait that contributed to the inclusive spirit of Gujarat.
• Humility and Scholarship: The text repeatedly emphasizes Hemchandracharya's profound humility, even while being recognized as "Kallikal Sarvagnya" (Omniscient of the Kali Yuga). He acknowledged the greatness of his predecessors and contemporaries, showcasing a rare quality of recognizing and appreciating others' virtues.
• Legacy and Impact: The book concludes by quoting various scholars and poets who lauded Hemchandracharya's immense contribution to Gujarati literature, language, and culture. His work is seen as foundational to Gujarati identity and a testament to the intellectual prowess of Jainism. The book also includes a section encouraging readers to emulate the virtues of Hemchandracharya and the kings he influenced through their actions.

In essence, "Gujaratni Asmitana Anokha Aavirbhavak Hemchandracharya" presents Hemchandracharya not just as a religious leader but as a multifaceted genius—a scholar, poet, grammarian, philosopher, advisor, and reformer—who profoundly shaped Gujarat's cultural and spiritual landscape, making him a timeless icon of its identity.