Gujarat Varnacular Societyno Itihas Part 03 - Book Summary

This is a summary of the Jain text "Gujarat Vernacular Society no Itihas Part 03" by Hiralal Tribhuvandas Parekh, based on the provided pages.

Book Title: Gujarat Vernacular Society no Itihas Part 03 (History of Gujarat Vernacular Society, Part 03) Author: Hiralal Tribhuvandas Parekh Publisher: Hiralal Tribhuvandas Parekh Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032697/1 Period Covered: 1909 to 1933

This volume, the third part of the history of the Gujarat Vernacular Society, meticulously details the society's activities and progress from 1909 to 1933. It builds upon the previous two volumes, providing a comprehensive account of the organization's multifaceted contributions.

Key Themes and Content:

Introduction (Upodghat by Lady Vidyagauri Nilkanth):
- Expresses joy in presenting the third volume, acknowledging the positive reception of the first two.
- Highlights the society's role as a center for all-round progress in the province, influencing social, industrial, and literary development.
- Emphasizes the dedication of its administrators in fostering the region's progress.
- Acknowledges the society's limitations but stresses its commitment to serving the public by providing suitable books and articles for both general readers and scholars.
- Addresses the misconception of abundant funding, clarifying that trust funds are for specific purposes and the society's own finances are not unlimited.
- Mentions the society's recent ventures into lecture series and library activities.
- Suggests the need for a dedicated printing press and skilled proofreaders to maintain high-quality publications.
- Stresses the importance of adopting a standardized Gujarati spelling, referencing the Gujarat Vidyapith's dictionary.
- Advocates for entrusting the society's work to well-paid scholars for greater progress.
- Calls for support from all Gujaratis to make this institution a leading one among provincial societies.
Preface (Prastavana by Hiralal Tribhuvandas Parekh):
- Announces that this third volume brings the society's history up to the end of 1933.
- Mentions a planned index for "Buddhiprakash" and a cumulative index for the three volumes of the history, which had to be postponed due to the present volume's length.
- Considers it a fortunate opportunity to chronicle the society's history and his own career within it.
- Expresses gratitude to the Executive Committee and Honorary Secretary, Lady Vidyagauri Nilkanth, for their assistance and trust.
- Thanks Shri Manilal Chhaganlal Bhatt and the society's members for their support.
Table of Contents (Anukramanika):
- Provides a detailed chapter breakdown, covering a wide range of topics related to the society's work and the socio-cultural landscape of the period.
- Key Chapters Include:
  - Life Transformation (Jivan Parivartan)
  - Gujarati Dictionary Publication Work
  - History Books (including specific figures like Bhai Shanker Nhanabhai)
  - Publication of Ancient Poetry
  - "Mahila Mitra" (Friend of Women) and related committees
  - Religious and Philosophical Books
  - Annual Lectures
  - Biographical Works
  - The Dalpatram Hastlikhit Pustak Sangrah (Dalpatram Manuscript Collection)
  - Literature Discussing Women's Issues
  - "Buddhiprakash" (monthly magazine)
  - Science Books
  - Revised Society Constitution
  - Health and Public Welfare
  - Biographies of prominent figures like Sir Ramanbhai Mahipatram
  - Society's Library and Library Activities
  - Books and Authors
  - Improvements to the Society's Building
  - Managerial Reading Material
  - Biographies of Keshavlal Harshadrai Dhruv, Sir Ramanbhai, Lady Vidyagauri Nilkanth, etc.
Chapter 1: Life Transformation (Jivan Parivartan):
- Discusses the significant changes and transformations occurring in India and Gujarat during this period, influenced by global events like World War I.
- Highlights the shift in Indian mindset towards national identity and self-determination.
- Examines the impact of Western education and culture, along with the concurrent efforts to preserve and revive Indian heritage.
- Touches upon the evolving social reforms, including changes in attire, women's education, child marriage prevention (Sharda Act), and widow remarriage.
- Notes the growing importance of women's education, their entry into public life, and the quest for independence.
- Discusses the economic challenges, unemployment, and the impact on rural life.
- Explores the shift in religious thought towards tolerance and mutual respect, emphasizing human service and universal brotherhood.
- Mentions the significant contributions of individuals like Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi.
- Reflects on the changing literary landscape, with a move away from traditional forms towards new styles and themes.
- Comments on the role of newspapers and periodicals in shaping public opinion and the growing importance of cinema and radio.
Chapter 2: Gujarati Dictionary Publication Work (Gujarati Bhasha na Kosh nu Prakashan Karya):
- Details the society's long-standing efforts to create a comprehensive Gujarati dictionary.
- Discusses the challenges faced, particularly regarding spelling standardization.
- Highlights the involvement of various scholars and the gradual progress of the project, including the publication of a vocabulary collection.
- Mentions the appointment and work of Shri Manilal Chhachharambhai Bhatt, who played a crucial role in compiling the dictionary.
- Notes the society's decision to publish a revised and expanded edition of the existing dictionary.
- Details the process of collecting and refining words, the involvement of the Book Committee, and the proposed methodology for future dictionary work, aiming for accuracy, comprehensiveness, and scholarly rigor, inspired by works like the "New English Dictionary."
Chapter 3: History Books (Itihas Granth):
- Emphasizes the society's significant contribution to publishing historical works in Gujarati, covering Indian and regional history.
- Highlights the translation of key texts like "Vikramankadev Charit," "Kirti Kaumudi," "Mirat-i-Sikandari," and "Mirat-i-Ahmadi," which shed light on South Indian dynasties, Gujarat's history under the Vaghela dynasty, and the Sultanate period.
- Discusses the translation of Vincent Smith's "Early History of India" and Sir Jadunath Sarkar's "Musalmani Riyasat," "Marathi Riyasat," and "British Riyasat," providing a comprehensive overview of Indian history.
- Acknowledges the scholars and translators involved in these significant projects.
Chapter 4: Bhai Shanker Nhanabhai (Society's President 1913-1920):
- Provides a biographical sketch of Bhai Shanker Nhanabhai, a prominent figure associated with the society.
- Details his background, early life, career as a solicitor, and his eventual return to Ahmedabad.
- Highlights his involvement in public activities, his role as an advisor to the society, and his literary interests.
- Discusses his tenure as President and his attempts to reform the society's administration, including his interactions with the managing committee and his personal integrity.
Chapter 5: Publication of Ancient Poetry (Prachin Kavya nu Prakashan):
- Details the society's efforts to research and publish ancient Gujarati poetry, supported by the Kavi Ishwar Das Memorial Fund.
- Highlights the publication of works by poets like Premanand and Bhim, emphasizing the scholarly editing and introductions provided.
- Discusses the society's role in making classical Gujarati literature accessible to readers, including the compilation of new and old poetry collections.
- Mentions the publication of works by poets like Narsinh Mehta, Bhalan, Bhim, Dayaram, and Akho.
Chapter 6: "Mahila Mitra" (Women's Friend):
- Focuses on the society's commitment to women's education and the publication of literature for women.
- Discusses the challenges of retaining girls in education and the society's efforts to address this through examinations and publications.
- Highlights the establishment of the "Mahila Mitra" annual publication, edited by prominent women like Lady Vidyagauri Nilkanth and Shrimati Sharada Behan Mehta, and later by Shrimati Sarojini Behan Mehta and Shrimati Saudamini Behan Mehta.
- Explores the societal issues and women's perspectives discussed in "Mahila Mitra," including the debate on women's rights and education.
Chapter 7: Religious and Philosophical Books (Dharm ane Tattvajnana na Pustako):
- Discusses the society's role in promoting religious and philosophical literature, while maintaining a policy of neutrality to avoid sectarian conflicts.
- Recounts an incident involving an article on "Tajia" in "Buddhiprakash" that caused offense to the Muslim community, leading to the policy of avoiding religious topics.
- Emphasizes the importance of religion in human life and the society's later involvement in publishing works that explore universal spiritual truths, such as those by Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi.
- Highlights the publication of books on the Upanishads and the history of Indian philosophy.
Chapter 8: Annual Lectures (Varshik Vyakhyan):
- Details the introduction of annual lectures by the society, a practice that began in 1920 under the presidency of Diwan Bahadur Keshavlal Harshadray Dhruv.
- Lists the topics and speakers of these lectures, covering subjects like history, literature, linguistics, and social reform, showcasing the intellectual discourse facilitated by the society.
Chapter 9: Biographical Works (Charitra Granth):
- Acknowledges the relatively limited number of original biographical works in Gujarati literature, with many being translations.
- Highlights the society's efforts to publish biographies of prominent Gujarati literary figures, historical personalities, and national leaders.
- Mentions works on figures like Akbar, Sir Syed Ahmed, Kings George V and Queen Mary, Mahatma Gandhi, and Sir Ramanbhai Mahipatram, contributing to biographical literature.
Chapter 10: Dalpatram Hastlikhit Pustak Sangrah (Dalpatram Manuscript Collection):
- Discusses the importance of preserving ancient manuscripts and the challenges faced in their collection and preservation.
- Recounts the story of how a valuable manuscript by Premanand was almost lost and subsequently saved.
- Details the society's efforts to collect and catalogue manuscripts, including those from Shri Farbes' collection and the growing collection of handwritten documents.
- Emphasizes the significance of these manuscripts for research and the publication of ancient Gujarati poetry.
Chapter 11: Literature Discussing Women's Issues (Stri Jivan na Prashno ne Charchatu Sahitya):
- Explores the society's engagement with literature addressing women's issues, recognizing the need for a distinct body of work catering to women's perspectives.
- Discusses the societal views on women's roles, education, and rights, and the efforts to challenge traditional norms through publications like "Mahila Mitra."
- Highlights the contributions of prominent women writers and activists in shaping this discourse.
Chapter 12: "Buddhiprakash" (Monthly Magazine):
- Traces the history of the society's monthly magazine, "Buddhiprakash," from its inception and its early association with Kavi Dalpatram.
- Discusses the challenges faced in maintaining the magazine's quality and relevance over the years, including changes in editorship and financial constraints.
- Explains the efforts made to revitalize the magazine, including suggestions for increasing its size, incorporating illustrations, and revising its content to be more engaging and informative.
- Highlights the critical feedback received and the continuous attempts to improve the publication.
Chapter 13: Science Books (Vijnan na Pustako):
- Acknowledges the rapid advancements in science and the need for Gujarati literature on scientific topics.
- Discusses the challenges of producing accurate and accessible scientific content in Gujarati, including the lack of specialized terminology and the availability of qualified authors.
- Details the society's initiatives to promote science education through publications on various scientific disciplines, including astronomy, chemistry, psychology, biology, geology, and agriculture.
- Mentions specific books and lecture series aimed at making scientific knowledge accessible to the general public.
Chapter 14: Revised Society Constitution (Society nu Sudharelun Bandharan):
- Outlines the evolution of the society's constitution and its amendments over time to adapt to changing circumstances and organizational needs.
- Highlights the efforts to formalize the governance structure and clarify the roles and responsibilities of its members and committees.
- Emphasizes the importance of clear rules for efficient management and the sustainable growth of the society.
Chapter 15: Health and Public Welfare (Arogya ane Janasukhakari):
- Focuses on the society's commitment to promoting public health and welfare through its publications.
- Discusses the importance of preventative healthcare, healthy lifestyles, and the need for accessible information on medical topics.
- Highlights specific books and lectures on general health, sanitation, disease prevention (malaria, cholera, tuberculosis), child welfare, and the role of women in maintaining family health.
- Emphasizes the efforts to translate and publish works that can educate and empower the public to lead healthier lives.
Chapter 16: Sir Ramanbhai Mahipatram Nilkanth:
- Provides a detailed account of the life and contributions of Sir Ramanbhai Mahipatram Nilkanth, a prominent scholar, social reformer, and a key figure in the society's management.
- Details his deep association with the society, his literary works, his commitment to social reform, and his public service.
- Recounts the honors and recognition he received for his contributions.
- Highlights his role as Honorary Secretary and later as President, guiding the society through various phases of its development.
- Emphasizes his dedication to literature, his intellectual prowess, and his unwavering commitment to public service.
Chapter 17: Library and Library Activities (Society nu Pustakalay ane Pustakalay Pravrutti):
- Traces the history of the society's library, from its inception to its growth into a significant collection of Gujarati literature.
- Discusses efforts to collect, catalogue, and preserve manuscripts and books, including the establishment of the Himabhai Institute.
- Highlights the society's role in fostering library movement in Gujarat, including the organization of the first Gujarati Library Conference.
- Emphasizes the need for a comprehensive Gujarati bibliography and the importance of well-equipped libraries for academic and public use.
Chapter 18: "Buddhiprakash" - A Critique:
- Offers a critical review of the society's monthly magazine, "Buddhiprakash," assessing its past glory and its current standing.
- Discusses the challenges of maintaining editorial quality and relevance, especially in comparison to contemporary publications.
- Suggests improvements and reforms to enhance the magazine's appeal and effectiveness.
Chapter 19: Literature for the Masses (Prabandhak Vachan Sahitya):
- Explores the society's efforts to provide literature that is accessible and beneficial to the general public.
- Discusses the importance of self-improvement, character building, and the need for practical knowledge through reading.
- Highlights the publication of books on topics like thrift, health, and moral virtues, drawing inspiration from both Western and Indian traditions.
- Emphasizes the role of literature in shaping individual lives and contributing to societal progress.
Chapter 20: Diwan Bahadur Keshavlal Harshadray Dhruv:
- Provides a detailed account of the life and contributions of Diwan Bahadur Keshavlal Harshadray Dhruv, a distinguished scholar and a key figure in the society's leadership, particularly in Gujarati lexicography and the publication of ancient poetry.
- Highlights his dedication to learning, his critical approach to literature, and his significant role in reforming and promoting Gujarati scholarship.
- Discusses his efforts in improving the Gujarati dictionary and his passion for ancient Gujarati poetry.
Chapter 21: Education-related Books (Kelavani ne Lagta Pustako):
- Focuses on the society's publications related to education, including works on teaching methodologies, child development, and the importance of mother-tongue education.
- Discusses the evolution of educational practices and the society's efforts to provide relevant literature for students, teachers, and parents.
- Highlights the society's initiatives in promoting women's education and the publication of books aimed at improving domestic life and child-rearing.
Chapter 22: Books on Fine Arts (Lalit Kala na Pustako):
- Explores the society's contribution to the promotion of fine arts through its publications, recognizing their role in enhancing aesthetic appreciation and cultural understanding.
- Discusses the historical perception of arts like music and dance and the changing attitudes towards them.
- Highlights the publication of books on music, painting, architecture, and sculpture, aiming to familiarize the public with various art forms.
Chapter 23: Lady Vidyagauri Nilkanth:
- Provides a comprehensive biography of Lady Vidyagauri Nilkanth, a pioneering figure in women's education and social reform in Gujarat.
- Details her educational journey, her marriage into a progressive family, and her extensive involvement in public service and literary activities.
- Highlights her role as Honorary Secretary of the Gujarat Vernacular Society and her contributions to women's empowerment and the promotion of Gujarati literature.
- Includes commendations and honors received for her work, acknowledging her as a significant force in shaping modern Gujarati society.
Chapter 24: Advancement of Literature (Sahitya ni Abhivrudhhi):
- Analyzes the overall growth and development of Gujarati literature during the period, acknowledging the society's role in fostering this progress.
- Discusses the emergence of new literary trends, the influence of Western literature, and the efforts to adapt them to the local context.
- Highlights the contributions of various writers and their works across different genres.
- Emphasizes the importance of literary institutions like the society in nurturing literary talent and promoting intellectual discourse.
Chapter 25: Assistant Secretary (Asi. Secretary):
- Focuses on the role and contributions of the Assistant Secretary, Hiralal Tribhuvandas Parekh, in managing the society's affairs.
- Details his initial hesitations, his learning curve, and his eventual dedication to the society's mission.
- Discusses his involvement in various activities, including publications, library management, and administrative tasks.
- Reflects on the challenges and rewards of working in a public service organization and the personal growth derived from such experiences.

This volume serves as a valuable historical document, offering insights into the Gujarat Vernacular Society's significant role in the literary, educational, and social progress of Gujarat during a transformative period.