Europena Sansmarano - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Europena Sansmarano" by Motichand Girdharlal Kapadia, based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Europena Sansmarano (Memoirs of Europe) Author & Publisher: Motichand Girdharlal Kapadia Publication Year: August 1927 (First edition, 1000 copies) Travel Period: May - September 1926

Overview:

"Europena Sansmarano" is a travelogue by Motichand Girdharlal Kapadia, detailing his experiences and observations during his journey through Europe in 1926. The book is written from a Jain perspective, with a particular emphasis on the author's personal reflections and practical advice for fellow Gujaratis contemplating such a journey. Kapadia highlights that while Europe offers much to learn, it's crucial to approach it with an open mind, critical observation, and a commitment to preserving one's own cultural and religious values.

Key Themes and Content:

Purpose of the Travelogue: Kapadia states that there's a lack of travel books in Gujarati, and he wants to provide practical insights to help prevent unnecessary expenses and misconceptions about traveling to distant lands. He aims to share the "impressions" left on his mind during the journey, rather than being a comprehensive guide.
Jain and Vegetarian Considerations: A significant aspect of the book is addressing the concerns of a Jain and vegetarian traveler in Europe. Kapadia reassures readers that living as a vegetarian (Niramishahari) in Europe is not difficult. He notes the availability of vegetarian food options and advises on how to communicate dietary needs, especially the distinction between being vegetarian and abstaining from eggs, fish, and chicken.
Practical Advice for Travelers: The book is rich in practical advice, covering:
- Preparation: The importance of preparing beforehand, including studying architecture, art, human anatomy, music, and learning basic French or English.
- Travel: The best time to travel (April-September), how to book passages (recommending Italian lines for vegetarian food and convenience), and the necessity of keeping an open mind.
- Language: The importance of English proficiency for easier travel, with French being helpful but not essential.
- Packing: Advice on what to pack and what not to pack, emphasizing minimalism and practicality. He advises against bringing bedding or heavy food containers.
- Itinerary Planning: The need to plan an itinerary, suggesting a duration for visiting different countries and cities (e.g., 1.5 months for England/Scotland, 15 days for Switzerland, 5 days each for Berlin and Rome).
- Finances: Guidance on exchange rates and managing money, recommending Thomas Cook's services for checks and letters of credit.
- Conduct: The importance of observing local customs, maintaining cleanliness, and showing respect.
- Learning from the West: Kapadia encourages travelers to observe European society, their organizational skills, educational progress, social structures, and the reasons behind Europe's global dominance, advising to adopt good practices while retaining one's own cultural identity.
Detailed Travelogue: The book then proceeds to describe the author's journey chronologically, covering:
- The Voyage: The journey aboard the steamer "Rajputana," describing the ship's facilities, the departure from Mumbai, and the initial sea voyage.
- European Destinations: Detailed accounts of visiting various cities and countries, including:
  - France: Marseille, Paris (including Eiffel Tower, Louvre Museum, Versailles, Gardens), and Boulogne.
  - England: Dover, London (including Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, Tower of London, National Gallery, British Museum, Hyde Park, Albert Memorial, museums, and the general life and customs), and Canterbury.
  - Scotland: Edinburgh (including the Tower, St. Giles Cathedral, John Knox's house, Greyfriars' Churchyard, and the Forth Bridge), and the Scottish Lakes region (Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Trossachs).
  - Switzerland: Geneva (Lake Geneva, Montreux, Rochers de Naye, Jungfrau), and Interlaken.
  - Italy: Milan (Duomo, Last Supper painting, Cemetery), Pavia (Certosa di Pavia), Pisa (Leaning Tower), Rome (Pantheon, Colosseum, Vatican City, St. Peter's Basilica, Roman Forum, Palatine Hill, Catacombs, Cypress of Rome), and Venice (Grand Canal, Gondolas, Lido, St. Mark's Square and Basilica, Doge's Palace).
  - Germany: Berlin (Linden Avenue, Brandenburg Gate, Reichstag, Arsenal, Sanssouci Palace), Cologne (Cathedral), and Bonn (Professor Jacobi, University).
  - Belgium: Brussels and Waterloo.
Observations on Culture and Society: Throughout the travelogue, Kapadia shares his observations on various aspects of European life:
- Efficiency and Discipline: He repeatedly notes the punctuality, discipline, and organizational skills of Europeans, particularly in London's transport system and German efficiency.
- Art and Architecture: He marvels at the grand cathedrals, palaces, museums, statues, and paintings, dedicating significant portions to describing these artistic achievements.
- Social Etiquette: He observes social norms, the importance of 'tips', the structured office timings, and the different approaches to life at various stages.
- Vegetarianism: His consistent effort to find and maintain a vegetarian diet is a recurring theme, offering practical advice for others.
- Appreciation of Nature: He expresses deep appreciation for the natural beauty of Switzerland, the vineyards of Italy, and the parks of London.
- Contrasts with India: He frequently draws comparisons with India, noting differences in efficiency, cleanliness, social habits, and the approach to art and history. He also expresses concern about the perceived decline in certain values in India.
Jain Philosophy: While not explicitly detailing Jain religious practices, the author's adherence to vegetarianism and his observations on moral conduct and societal order subtly reflect his Jain upbringing and values. His appreciation for art and history is presented with a sense of wonder and learning.

Overall Tone:

The book is written in a clear, informative, and personal tone. Kapadia's writing is observant, detailed, and filled with a desire to share his learnings with his community. He balances factual descriptions with personal anecdotes and reflections, making the travelogue engaging and practical. The language is Gujarati, reflective of the author's cultural background.