Dipmala Aur Bhagwan Mahavir - Book Summary

Here is a comprehensive summary in English of the Jain text "Dipmala Aur Bhagwan Mahavir" by Gyanmuni:

Book Title: Dipmala Aur Bhagwan Mahavir (Diwali and Lord Mahavir) Author: Gyanmuni Publisher: Shri Jain Shastramala Karyalay, Ludhiana

This book, authored by Gyanmuni and published by Shri Jain Shastramala Karyalay, aims to explain the significance of the Jain festival of Dipmala (Diwali) from a Jain perspective, connecting it deeply with Lord Mahavir. The author expresses his gratitude to his spiritual teacher, Param Shraddhey Gurudev Poojya Shri Atmaram Ji Maharaj, whose inspiration made this work possible.

Core Themes and Content:

The book is structured into two main essays, both exploring the importance and relevance of Dipmala.

Essay 1: "Dipmala Aur Jain Dharm" (Dipmala and Jainism)

Purpose of Dipmala: The author emphasizes that, from a Jain perspective, Dipmala is not merely a festival of worldly enjoyment. It is a significant spiritual occasion that conveys messages of spirituality and good conduct annually. Its primary aim is to illuminate the inner self (Atma Mandir) by dispelling the darkness of ignorance and to cleanse the mind of negative emotions like lust, anger, pride, attachment, and greed through virtues like gentleness and simplicity.
Historical and Spiritual Significance: Dipmala is celebrated with great reverence in Jainism. It is a time for increased religious practices, chanting, scripture study, and meditation to brighten one's future.
Connection to Lord Mahavir: The core reason for the importance of Dipmala in Jainism is its direct link to Lord Mahavir. The book states that Lord Mahavir attained Nirvana on the night of Kartik Amavasya (the night of Dipmala). It was on this night that he achieved the ultimate liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
Connection to Gautam Swami: Equally significant, on the same night, Lord Mahavir's principal disciple, Shri Gautam Swami, attained Keval Gyan (omniscience). Thus, this night marks two momentous spiritual achievements. Dipmala serves as a symbol and reminder of these two great souls and their contributions.
Misunderstanding of the Festival: The author notes that many people, including Jains, are unaware of the true origin and meaning of Dipmala. This leads to common questions about why Jains celebrate it, the underlying sentiment, its historical and spiritual importance, and the proper way to observe it, as well as its relevance to personal, social, and national life.
Critique of Non-Jain Practices: The essay also includes a critical examination of non-Jain beliefs and practices associated with Dipmala. It discusses the misconception linking Dipmala to Lord Rama's return to Ayodhya, arguing against this based on chronological inconsistencies and the lack of mention in important scriptures like the Ramayana.
Critique of Gambling and Fireworks: A significant portion is dedicated to condemning the practice of gambling and lighting fireworks during Dipmala.
- Gambling: The author debunks the superstitious belief that not gambling on Dipmala leads to rebirth as a donkey. He strongly argues that gambling itself is the cause of downfall and misery, likening the gambler's life to that of a donkey and worse. He cites historical examples like the Pandavas to illustrate the destructive nature of gambling. The book lists seven major vices in Jainism, with gambling being the first and most detrimental.
- Fireworks: The author laments the transformation of a spiritual festival into an occasion for fireworks, a practice that leads to the wastage of wealth, loss of life and property, and creates environmental pollution and distress for animals. He highlights the financial burden and potential dangers associated with fireworks, especially in a country facing poverty.
Nationalism of Dipmala: The essay concludes by asserting the nationalistic aspect of Dipmala, arguing that any festival that inspires positive moral, social, and spiritual development for the betterment of individuals, families, societies, and the nation can be considered a national festival. Dipmala, by promoting virtues like truth, non-violence, and righteous conduct, contributes to national building.

Essay 2: "Veer-Nirvan Mahaparv (Dipmala)" (The Great Festival of Mahavir's Nirvana - Dipmala)

Dipmala as Veer Nirvana Mahaparv: The author states that his preferred name for the festival is "Veer Nirvana Mahaparv" (The Great Festival of Mahavir's Nirvana), suggesting that "Dipmala" is a later evolution of the name. He believes the original essence of the festival was to commemorate Lord Mahavir's Nirvana.
Focus on Lord Mahavir's Life and Teachings: This essay provides a concise overview of Lord Mahavir's life, from his birth to his attainment of Nirvana. It highlights his extraordinary qualities, his rigorous penance (tapasya), and his compassionate nature.
Lord Mahavir's Teachings (Updeshamrit): The essay presents excerpts from Lord Mahavir's teachings, emphasizing key principles:
- Ahimsa (Non-violence): Mahavir's Ahimsa is described as universal and all-encompassing, extending to thoughts, words, and deeds. It includes universal love, tolerance, and treating all beings as oneself.
- Aparigraha (Non-possession/Non-attachment): The book stresses the importance of limiting desires and possessions, as excessive attachment is the root cause of dissatisfaction, conflict, and societal unrest.
- Samata (Equanimity): Mahavir advocated for equality and equanimity among all beings, irrespective of caste, creed, or social status. He recognized women as the primary spiritual guides and challenged societal inequalities.
- Anekantavada (Pluralism of Viewpoints): This fundamental Jain philosophy emphasizes that truth is multifaceted and can be viewed from various perspectives. The author uses this to advocate for tolerance and understanding in religious and philosophical discourse, critiquing sectarianism.
- Karmavada (Law of Karma): The book underscores the Jain belief that individuals are responsible for their actions and their consequences. Karma dictates one's destiny, and liberation is achieved by transcending the effects of karma.
The True Spirit of Celebration: The essay reiterates that the true way to celebrate Dipmala is to internalize Lord Mahavir's teachings, cultivate inner purity, and practice virtues like compassion, truth, and self-control, rather than engaging in external rituals or excesses.

Overall Message:

"Dipmala Aur Bhagwan Mahavir" serves as an educational and spiritual guide, urging readers to understand the profound spiritual significance of Dipmala within Jainism. It emphasizes that the festival's true essence lies in remembering and emulating the life and teachings of Lord Mahavir, particularly his principles of Ahimsa, Aparigraha, Samata, and Anekantavada. The book encourages a shift from outward displays to inner transformation, advocating for a meaningful and virtuous celebration of this sacred night.