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Dhaturatnakar Part 4

Added to library: September 1, 2025

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First page of Dhaturatnakar Part 4

Summary

Here is a comprehensive summary of the provided Jain text, "Dhaturatnakar Part 4" by Lavanyasuri:

Overview:

This document is the fourth volume of the "Dhaturatnakar" series, authored by Muni Lavanyasuri and published by Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, New Delhi. The title of this specific volume is "Yankluvanta Namdhatu." The text focuses on the study of Sanskrit grammar, specifically the formation of verbs derived from nominal stems (नामधातु - Namdhatu) and the causative/reduplicative verb forms (यङ्लुगन्त - Yangluganta). It systematically details various Sanskrit verbal roots (धातु - Dhatu) and their conjugations, particularly those arising from nominal bases.

Key Content and Structure:

The majority of the provided text is a detailed grammatical analysis of Sanskrit verbs. It follows a structured approach, likely derived from Sanskrit grammatical traditions like Panini's Ashtadhyayi. The core of the text is organized as follows:

  1. Introduction and Publisher Information:

    • Title: DHATURATNAKARA (धातुरत्नाकर)
    • Author: Muni Lavanya Vijaya (मुनिश्रीलावण्यविजयनिर्मित)
    • Volume: IV (चतुर्थभाग)
    • Specific Section Title: Yunkluvanta Namdhatu (यङ्लुवन्तं नामधातु) or Yanluvanta Namdhatu (यवलुवन्तं नामधातु) as mentioned on page 2. The content primarily details forms derived from nominal bases (नामधातु - Namdhatu).
    • Publisher: Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, New Delhi (राष्ट्रिय संस्कृत- संस्थान, नई दिल्ली).
    • Reprint Information: Published under the reprint scheme of the Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan. The second reprinted edition was published in 2006. The price for volumes 1-5 is mentioned as Rs. 1665.00.
    • Endorsement: A message from Arjun Singh, the then Minister of Human Resource Development, Government of India, highlights the importance of reprinting rare and scholarly Sanskrit works to make them accessible to students and scholars, thereby promoting Sanskrit literature and knowledge.

  2. Biographical Information of the Author and Predecessors:

    • Pages 8 and 9 contain biographical details and honorific titles of the author, Muni Lavanya Vijaya Surishwar, and his spiritual preceptor, Acharya Shri Vijay Nemisurishwar. It details their birth, initiation, and various academic and spiritual achievements, including their mastery over different branches of Sanskrit literature like grammar, poetry, and philosophy. Muni Lavanya Vijaya Sūri is described as a prolific writer with numerous commentaries and original works.
    • Page 10 includes an "Ashtakam" (an ode in eight verses) in praise of Shri Vijay Nemisurishwar, composed by Muni Shri Dakshavijay, a disciple of Lavanya Vijaya Surishwar.

  3. Grammatical Analysis (Yaglu-banta Namdhatu Prakriya - यङ्लुबन्तं नामधातु प्रक्रिया):

    • The core of the volume is dedicated to the "Yaglu-banta Namdhatu Prakriya" (यङ्लुबन्तं नामधातु प्रक्रिया). This section systematically presents verbal forms derived from various nominal roots and their conjugations.
    • The text begins with a discussion of the principle that "Yaglu-banta" forms are included in the scope of roots. It then proceeds to list numerous Sanskrit verbal roots (धातु - Dhatu) starting from 'भू' (bhū - to be) and proceeding alphabetically or by phonetic class (ganas).
    • For each root, the text details its various verbal forms across different tenses and moods (Lat - present, potential, imperative, imperfect, aorist, perfect, future, etc.). This is presented in a tabular or list format, showing the verb stem with various affixes and suffixes.
    • The provided pages cover a vast number of roots, demonstrating the comprehensive nature of the Dhaturatnakara in its exploration of Sanskrit verb morphology. The sheer volume of roots and their conjugations indicates the depth of the work.
    • Notable roots covered in the provided snippet include:
      • Bhū (भू): Root meaning "to be" (Page 14).
      • Pā (पा): Root meaning "to drink" (Page 15).
      • Ghrā (घ्रा): Root meaning "to smell" (Page 16).
      • Sthā (स्था): Root meaning "to stand" (Page 16).
      • Mnā (म्ना): Root meaning "to practice, repeat" (Page 17).
      • Dā (दा): Root meaning "to give" (Page 17).
      • Ji (जि): Root meaning "to conquer" (Page 18).
      • Kṣi (क्षि): Root meaning "to decay" (Page 19).
      • Du (दु): Root meaning "to go" (Page 19).
      • Ghrā (घ्रा): Root meaning "to smell" (repeated for context) (Page 19).
      • Bhṛ (भृ): Root meaning "to bear" (Page 20).
      • Śu (शु): Root meaning "to go" (Page 20).
      • Du (दु): Root meaning "to go" (repeated for context) (Page 20).
      • Khū (खु): Root meaning "to go" (Page 21).
      • Dhru (ध्रु): Root meaning "to be firm" (Page 21).
      • Su (सु): Root meaning "to produce, prosper" (Page 22).
      • Smṛ (स्मृ): Root meaning "to remember" (Page 22).
      • Gṛ (गृ): Root meaning "to seize" (Page 23).
      • Dā (दा): Root meaning "to give" (repeated for context) (Page 23).
      • Dhu (धु): Root meaning "to shake" (Page 24).
      • Jī (जि): Root meaning "to conquer" (repeated for context) (Page 24).
      • Kṣi (क्षि): Root meaning "to decay" (repeated for context) (Page 25).
      • Sai (सै): Root meaning "to decay" (Page 25).
      • Jai (जै): Root meaning "to decay" (Page 26).
      • Gai (गै): Root meaning "to sing" (Page 26).
      • Rai (रै): Root meaning "to move" (Page 27).
      • Ḍyai (ट्यै): Root meaning "to assemble" (Page 27).
      • Styāi (स्त्यै): Root meaning "to assemble" (Page 28).
      • Khai (खै): Root meaning "to eat" (Page 28).
      • Kṣai (क्षै): Root meaning "to decay" (Page 29).
      • Jai (जै): Root meaning "to decay" (repeated for context) (Page 29).
      • Mai (मै): Root meaning "to be satisfied" (Page 30).
      • Chai (चै): Root meaning "to be adorned" (Page 30).
      • Gai (गै): Root meaning "to sing" (repeated for context) (Page 30).
      • Rai (रै): Root meaning "to move" (repeated for context) (Page 31).
      • Ṭyai (ट्यै): Root meaning "to assemble" (repeated for context) (Page 31).
      • Styāi (स्त्यै): Root meaning "to assemble" (repeated for context) (Page 32).
      • Khai (खै): Root meaning "to eat" (repeated for context) (Page 32).
      • Kṣai (क्षै): Root meaning "to decay" (repeated for context) (Page 33).
      • Mai (मै): Root meaning "to be satisfied" (repeated for context) (Page 34).
      • Chai (चै): Root meaning "to be adorned" (repeated for context) (Page 34).
      • Khū (खु): Root meaning "to go" (Page 35).
      • Dhu (धु): Root meaning "to shake" (Page 35).
      • Śu (शु): Root meaning "to go" (Page 36).
      • Du (दु): Root meaning "to go" (repeated for context) (Page 36).
      • Smṛ (स्मृ): Root meaning "to remember" (Page 37).

  4. Explanatory Notes (Implied):

    • The text includes discussions of specific grammatical rules and exceptions (e.g., the application of rules like "नेमादा०" (2.3.79), "एकस्वरादनुस्वारेतः" (4.4.45), and "एकस्वरानुस्वारेतः" (4.4.56)).
    • There are explanations of how yaglu-banta (यङ्लुबन्त) forms are derived and how they relate to the base root.
    • The text seems to be a highly technical work for advanced Sanskrit scholars of grammar.

Significance:

This volume represents a detailed and scholarly contribution to the field of Sanskrit grammar, specifically focusing on the complex system of verb formation. The meticulous listing of roots and their derivations demonstrates the rigorous approach to linguistic analysis within the Jain tradition. The publication by the Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan underscores its academic value and the effort to preserve and disseminate such classical knowledge. The inclusion of the Minister's message highlights the cultural and educational importance of this work.

In essence, "Dhaturatnakar Part 4: Yanluvanta Namdhatu" is a vital resource for understanding the nuances of Sanskrit verb conjugation, particularly the creation of verbal forms from nominal bases, as expounded by Muni Lavanya Vijaya.