Dharmpariksha

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Dharmpariksha" by Yashovijay Maharaj and Bhuvanbhanusuri, based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Dharmpariksha (धर्मपरीक्षा) Author(s): Yashovijay Maharaj (न्यायविशारद न्यायाचार्य महोपाध्याय श्रीमद् यशोविजय विरचिता), Bhuvanbhanusuri (mentioned as inspiration for the translation) Publisher: Andheri Gujarati Jain Sangh, Mumbai Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022165/1

Overall Summary:

"Dharmpariksha" (Examination of Dharma) is a significant Jain text authored by the renowned scholar and philosopher, Mahamahopadhyaya Yashovijayji Maharaj. Published by the Andheri Gujarati Jain Sangh, this book aims to critically examine and elucidate Jain principles, particularly focusing on the true nature of Dharma and refuting heterodox views that deviate from the established Jain scripture and logic.

The text is a profound exploration of Jain philosophy, characterized by its rigorous Nyaya (logic) style. It delves into complex philosophical points, addresses potential misunderstanditions or misinterpretations of scriptures, and aims to establish the truth of Jain teachings with irrefutable reasoning. The book is particularly noted for its detailed analysis and refutation of arguments presented by scholars from other traditions who misrepresented or misunderstood Jain tenets, especially within the context of scriptures like the "Sarvajna Shatak" (a work by a scholarly antagonist).

The introductory sections highlight the historical context of the publication, emphasizing the lapse of three centuries since Yashovijayji Maharaj's passing and the unfortunate disappearance of many of his works. The present edition, with a Gujarati translation, is presented as an effort to revive and propagate his profound knowledge and devotion to the faith. It acknowledges the challenge posed by Yashovijayji's complex logical style, which can be difficult for the common reader, but stresses the enduring relevance of his works in guiding towards the true path.

Key Aspects and Themes:

1. Purpose of the Text: To examine and clarify the true meaning of Dharma (righteous conduct and principles) and to resolve doubts and refute misconceptions that arise from interpretations, particularly those presented by scholars of other philosophical schools, which may misrepresent Jain teachings.

2. Yashovijayji Maharaj's Scholarship: The text celebrates Yashovijayji Maharaj's exceptional intellect, unparalleled logic, profound understanding of scriptures, and his ability to meticulously analyze and refute opposing viewpoints. His work is characterized by:

   • Pratibhashakti (Intellectual Prowess): Manifested in his sharp intellect, strong memory, exceptional reasoning abilities, deep insight, and a profound grasp of the interconnectedness of scriptural passages.
   • Argumenative Skill: Skillfully identifying and dismantling "poor-vaks" (preliminary arguments or opposing viewpoints) by finding flaws in their logic, contradictions, and misinterpretations of scripture, often using the opponent's own words against them.
   • Scriptural Fidelity: Unwavering adherence to Jain scriptures (Agamas) and the teachings of past Acharyas, while also demonstrating originality in his reasoning.
   • Humility and Reverence: Despite his vast knowledge, Yashovijayji Maharaj consistently displays humility, acknowledging the possibility of other interpretations and deferring to the wisdom of greater scholars, which is a hallmark of his profound devotion to Jainism.

3. Methodology: The book employs a rigorous dialectical method, presenting the "poorvak" (opponent's view) and then meticulously refuting it with logical arguments, scriptural evidence, and incisive analysis. This method is evident throughout the text, particularly in its detailed discussions of various philosophical concepts and debates.

4. Key Discussions (as indicated by the Table of Contents): The extensive table of contents reveals a wide range of topics discussed, including:

   • The nature of Dharma and the importance of equanimity (madhyasthata) in its examination.
   • Detailed analysis of different types of mithyaatva (false beliefs/views).
   • The concept of ananta samsara (infinite transmigration) and its causes.
   • The distinction between vastu (substance) and pudgala (matter) in Jain philosophy.
   • The role of jnana (knowledge) and kriya (action) in spiritual progress.
   • The nature of arahkta (one who is worthy of worship) and the subtle distinctions in their qualities.
   • Discussions on kriya (action), drivya (substance), and bhava (state of being) in the context of spiritual practice.
   • Detailed examination of concepts like anuchita (unsuitable) and uchita (suitable) actions, and apavada (concessions) and utsarga (general rules).
   • The significance of anubandha (connection/consequence) in karma.
   • The concept of kevali (omniscient beings) and the nature of their actions, particularly regarding drivya himsa (subtle violence).
   • The distinction between sakaama (motivated) and akaama (unmotivated) nirjara (karma shedding).
   • The role of abhraaya (intention) in actions.
   • Critique of various philosophical schools and their views on Dharma.

5. Relevance and Value: The book is presented as an invaluable resource for understanding the depth and nuances of Jain philosophy. It not only clarifies complex doctrines but also equips readers with the tools of logic and critical thinking to discern truth from falsehood, fostering a deeper appreciation for the Jain path.

Specific Content from the Pages:

• Page 2: Features the invocation Namoṭṭhu Naṁ Samanassa Bhagavo Mahavīrassa and pays homage to Śrīmad Vijayprembhuvanbhānusūrīśvar Sadgurbhyo Namaḥ. It clearly states the title Dharma Pariksha (धर्म परीक्षा) authored by Yashovijay Viritā and mentions the Gujarati translation (गुर्जर भाषावानुवाद युता). Acharya Shri Vijay Bhuvanbhanusurishwarji Maharaj is credited as the inspiration for the translation. The publisher is identified as Shri Andheri Gujarati Jain Sangh.
• Page 3: Mentions the first edition (પ્રથમ આવૃત્તિ) with a print run of 500 copies. It details the dedication of the book to Acharya Shri Vijay Dharmjit Surishwarji Maharaj, highlighting the author's (Muni Abhayshekhar Vijay) close familial and spiritual connections.
• Page 4 & 5: The publisher's note explains the rationale behind re-publishing Yashovijayji's works, emphasizing the need to disseminate his knowledge, especially in the current era where understanding of philosophical texts is declining due to materialistic influences. It mentions the challenging nature of his style and the intention to make his works accessible through translations. It lists other works that have been or are being published by the Sangh with translations.
• Page 6 onwards: The "Prastavika" (Introduction) section by Upadhyaya Yashovijayji Maharaj himself (as interpreted in the Gujarati Bhavanuvaad) elaborates on the profound philosophical depth and unique qualities of the Dharmpariksha text. It details the author's exceptional intellectual abilities, his skill in refuting opposing arguments, and his unwavering adherence to scriptural principles. The introduction further categorizes Yashovijayji's works and highlights the unique nature of Dharmpariksha in engaging with scriptural interpretations within the Jain tradition itself.
• Pages 7 onwards: These pages contain detailed discussions on various philosophical points, including the nature of Dharma, the validity of different paths, the concept of mithyaatva, the subtle arguments regarding karma, nirjara, and the refutation of various philosophical schools' views. The text engages in deep analytical debates, as indicated by the structure of "poorvak paksha" (opponent's view) and "uttar paksha" (author's reply). The extensive table of contents (pages 28-174) further details the intricate topics covered in the book, demonstrating its comprehensiveness.

Overall Significance:

"Dharmpariksha" stands as a testament to the intellectual rigor and philosophical acumen of Jain scholars. It serves as a critical resource for those seeking a deep understanding of Jain Dharma, its logical foundations, and its refutation of external philosophical challenges. The translation into Gujarati aims to make these profound insights accessible to a wider audience.