Dharmanubandhi Vishva Darshan Pustak 07 Krantikaro

This Jain text, "Dharmanubandhi Vishva Darshan Pustak 07 Krantikaro" by Nemichandra Muni, published by Mahavir Saitya Prakashan Mandir, explores the concept of "revolution" from a Jain perspective, contrasting it with violent, Western notions of revolution. The book posits that true revolution, or 'kranti', in the Indian context is a continuous, internal process of purification, renewal, and self-creation, akin to a flowing river.

The text argues that historical revolutions in the West, characterized by power shifts and bloodshed, often fail to establish lasting positive values and lead to further cycles of violence. In contrast, Indian 'kranti' emphasizes inner transformation and the establishment of new, beneficial values for human well-being.

The book analyzes various historical figures and movements, both Indian and foreign, as examples of 'revolutionaries' and 'revolution' in different spheres:

Key Themes and Concepts:

• True Revolution vs. Western Revolution: The core argument is that true revolution is not about violent overthrow of power but about establishing new, higher values for human welfare. This is illustrated by the example of a flowing river that purifies itself and nourishes life, contrasting with destructive floods.
• Indian Context of Revolution: Indian revolutions are characterized by a continuous internal process of purification, self-renewal, and creative advancement. This is seen as an organic, self-sustaining process.
• Inner Transformation: The emphasis is on internal change and the establishment of new values rather than external power struggles.
• Examples from Indian Tradition:
  • Lord Rishabhadeva and Adim Manu: Considered the first revolutionaries for establishing social order and structuring human life.
  • Lord Arishtanemi and Parshvanatha: Highlighted for their revolutions in social and religious spheres, including their preparation, adherence to principles, and emphasis on compassion.
  • Lord Rama and Lord Krishna: Presented as socio-political revolutionaries who established righteous governance and moral principles.
  • Lord Mahavira and Lord Buddha: Recognized for their comprehensive revolutions in religious and social spheres, advocating for non-violence, compassion, and the eradication of social evils like caste discrimination and animal sacrifice.
  • Swami Dayananda Saraswati and Adi Shankaracharya: Discussed as religious revolutionaries who challenged existing religious practices and established new philosophical interpretations.
  • Sant Kabir: Celebrated as a social revolutionary who promoted Hindu-Muslim unity and challenged superstitions.
  • Swami Vivekananda: Acknowledged for his role in spreading Indian philosophy and spirituality globally, emphasizing service to humanity.
  • Swami Rama Tirtha: Recognized for his spiritual quest and influence on people's lives through his teachings.
  • Mahatma Gandhi: Presented as a paramount modern revolutionary who embodied non-violent resistance, self-sufficiency (through Khadi and Charkha), and social reform, demonstrating a comprehensive approach to societal transformation.
• Examples from Global Tradition (with nuances):
  • Jesus Christ, Prophet Muhammad, and Zoroaster: Acknowledged as figures who initiated significant changes but are discussed in the context of their potential limitations in achieving 'Sarvangi Kranti' (all-encompassing revolution) due to factors like lack of organizational structure or over-reliance on state power.
  • Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: Mentioned as philosophical and cultural revolutionaries whose ideas influenced subsequent thought, though their impact was limited by the prevailing political structures.
  • Shakespeare and John Ruskin: Recognized for their cultural and literary contributions that challenged societal norms and advocated for new values.
  • Abraham Lincoln and George Washington: Highlighted for their role in political revolution, particularly in establishing democratic principles and abolishing slavery.
  • Karl Marx: Discussed as an economic revolutionary whose ideas on class struggle and worker empowerment led to significant societal shifts, though the book notes potential negative outcomes like suppression of individual freedom.
• Characteristics of a Revolutionary: The text outlines key traits of a revolutionary, including:
  • Readiness to sacrifice life, prestige, and possessions for principles.
  • Deep understanding of the context (time, place, audience, principles).
  • Focus on establishing new, positive values.
  • Courage, determination, and unwavering commitment.
  • The ability to lead by example and inspire others.
  • The importance of organizations and collective action in driving revolutionary change.
• Critique of Western Revolutions: The book consistently critiques revolutions based on violence, political upheaval, and the pursuit of material gain, labeling them as 'apkranti' (counter-revolution) or 'bhranti' (delusion).
• Emphasis on Jain Principles: While discussing various figures, there's an underlying thread that connects to Jain principles of non-violence (ahimsa), non-possession (aparigraha), truthfulness (satya), and self-control (brahmacharya) as fundamental to true revolutionary change.

In essence, "Dharmanubandhi Vishva Darshan Pustak 07 Krantikaro" offers a spiritual and ethical framework for understanding revolution, emphasizing inner transformation and the establishment of noble values as the true essence of change, aligning with Jain philosophy's core tenets.