Devshilp

This is a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Devshilp" by Devnandi Maharaj, based on the provided pages and catalog link.

Devshilp: Temple Architecture and Sculpture

"Devshilp" is a significant Jain text authored by Acharya Shri 108 Devnandi Maharaj, a renowned scholar and spiritual leader. Published by ZZZ Unknown, the book focuses on the intricate and vital subject of temple architecture and sculpture within the Jain tradition. The work is a comprehensive guide, aiming to illuminate the principles and practices that underpin the creation of sacred Jain spaces and divine images.

Core Message and Purpose:

The central theme of "Devshilp" is the profound importance of Devshilp (divine craftsmanship) in the Jain faith. The author, Devnandi Maharaj, emphasizes that a religion's grandeur and historical significance are often reflected in its archaeological and architectural heritage. Jain temples and sculptures, standing for centuries, are testaments to the antiquity, richness, and splendor of Jainism.

The book highlights that a lack of knowledge about temple construction and sculpture has led to the neglect and sometimes flawed execution of these sacred structures. This deficiency not only diminishes the spiritual experience of the devotees but also affects the potential for accumulating immense merit through the construction and upkeep of temples. The author expresses a desire to bridge this knowledge gap, enabling householders to engage in meritorious deeds with proper understanding and intent.

Key Themes and Content:

"Devshilp" delves into various aspects of Jain temple construction, drawing from ancient scriptures and architectural treatises. The key themes covered include:

• Theological and Spiritual Significance of Temples: The book underscores that temples are not just buildings but are considered divine in themselves, housing the sacred images of the Tirthankaras. They are vital for the spiritual upliftment of the populace, serving as spaces for worship, contemplation, and the purification of the mind.
• Ancient Knowledge and Its Preservation: The text references the lost Angas and Upangas of Jain scripture, which are said to have contained vast knowledge of architecture and sculpture. While these texts may be unavailable, the surviving architectural marvels serve as evidence of this ancient wisdom.
• The Merit of Temple Construction: The text elaborates on the immense spiritual merit (punya) gained from constructing and renovating Jain temples and installing Jina images. It cites scriptural references that quantify the virtue gained from such acts.
• Principles of Temple Architecture (Vastu Shastra): A significant portion of the book is dedicated to the principles of Vastu Shastra as applied to Jain temples. This includes:
  • Site Selection and Preparation (Bhumi Prakaran): Selecting suitable land, identifying auspicious characteristics, and the process of purification and rectification of the site.
  • Layout and Design (Parisar Prakaran): The proper placement of various elements within the temple complex, including water flow, bathing areas, areas for preparing offerings, and the orientation of different functional spaces.
  • Types of Temples (Devalay Prakaran): Descriptions of various temple designs, including the Samavasharan temple, Manastambhas, Navagraha temples, and temples dedicated to the Pancha Paramesthis.
  • Construction Materials and Techniques (Nirman Prakaran): Guidance on the selection of materials, construction methods, and the importance of adhering to traditional craftsmanship.
  • Dimensions and Proportions (Map Prakaran): Detailed discussions on measurements, the use of traditional units like the 'hast' and 'angul', and their conversion to modern measurements.
  • Details of Temple Components: The book provides meticulous instructions on constructing various parts of the temple, including the foundation (Kurma Shila, Khar Shila), walls (Mandovar, Bhitti), doorways (Dehri, Uttarang), windows (Jali, Gavaksh), pillars, mandaps (Balaanak, Chauki, Gudh Mandap), and the sanctum (Garbhagriha).
  • Shikhar (Spire) Architecture: Detailed explanations on the design, construction, and ornamentation of the temple spire, including its various components like the Shikhar, Greeva, Amalasar, and Kalash.
  • Iconography and Idol Making (Vedi Pratima Prakaran): Guidelines for the construction and consecration of Jina idols, including the materials to be used, the correct proportions, the placement of the idol, and the significance of various features. It also discusses the importance of auspicious characteristics in idols and the consequences of installing flawed idols.
  • Deities and Divine Assistants (Dev-Devi Prakaran): Information on the forms and placement of guardian deities (Shasan Devas and Devis) and other celestial beings associated with Jain temples.
  • Various Directives (Vividh Nirdesh Prakaran): Practical advice on home temples (Griha Chaityalaya), living spaces for monks (Vastika, Nishedhika), the Panchakalyanak consecration rituals, and the treatment of damaged idols.
  • Astrology and Timekeeping (Jyotish Prakaran): Guidance on selecting auspicious times (Muhurtas) for various stages of construction and consecration based on astrological principles.
  • Types of Palaces/Temples (Prasad Bhed Prakaran): A classification of various types of temple structures, detailing their characteristics and suitability for different deities.
  • Specific Tirthankara Temples (Jinendra Prasad Prakaran): Tailored architectural guidance for constructing temples dedicated to each of the 24 Tirthankaras.
• Adherence to Principles: The author stresses the importance of precise measurements and adherence to established guidelines, warning against deviations that can lead to negative consequences. He also emphasizes the need for coordination with experienced architects and adherence to the spiritual guidance of religious leaders.
• Cultural and Artistic Heritage: The book implicitly celebrates the rich cultural and artistic legacy embedded in Jain temple architecture, which has survived through centuries of change.

Author's Approach and Intent:

Acharya Devnandi Maharaj's approach is deeply rooted in Jain tradition and scripture. He has meticulously compiled and presented this knowledge in an accessible language. The book is intended for a wide audience, including householders, temple trustees, architects, and anyone interested in the meticulous art of Jain temple construction. The editor, Narendra Kumar Badjatya, has played a crucial role in compiling and presenting this extensive work.

Overall Significance:

"Devshilp" serves as a valuable manual for the construction, renovation, and preservation of Jain temples. It aims to revive and reinforce the understanding of traditional architectural principles, ensuring that future sacred structures are built in accordance with the spiritual and aesthetic ideals of Jainism. The book is a testament to the enduring legacy of Jain architectural and sculptural arts and a crucial resource for maintaining their sanctity and magnificence.