Development And Impact Of Jainism In India And Abroad

This collection of essays, "Development and Impact of Jainism in India & Abroad," edited by Gunvant Barvalia and published by the Arham Spiritual Centre's SKPG Jain Philosophical & Literary Research Centre, explores the multifaceted journey of Jainism. The book compiles research papers presented at a seminar, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of Jainism's presence and influence across various Indian states and on a global scale.

Key Themes and Contributions:

• Jain Diaspora and Global Reach: The book highlights the migration of Jains across the world and their efforts to establish and maintain their religious and cultural identity in new lands. It discusses the creation of global Jain organizations like JAINA and the importance of unity within the diaspora.
• Contribution of Foreign Scholars: It acknowledges the significant role played by European scholars, particularly Germans like Hermann Jacobi, Walter Schubring, and Ludwig Alsdorf, in studying, translating, and disseminating Jain literature and philosophy through critical editions and academic research.
• Manuscript Collections Abroad: The presence and preservation of Jain manuscripts in foreign countries, such as the British Library, are discussed, emphasizing the value of these collections for research and understanding Jain history.
• Jain Art and Iconography: The book details the presence of Jain idols and art pieces in museums abroad, showcasing the artistic heritage of Jainism and its spread through visual representations.
• Impact of Jain Philosophy: It delves into the profound influence of Jain philosophy, particularly Anekantavada (the principle of manifold aspects of reality) and Ahimsa (non-violence), on global philosophies, advocating for tolerance, understanding, and peaceful coexistence in a complex world. The ethical and philosophical relevance of Jain teachings for contemporary global challenges like environmental degradation, terrorism, and consumerism is emphasized.
• Regional Development in India: A significant portion of the book is dedicated to tracing the historical development and impact of Jainism in various Indian states, including:
  • Gujarat: Highlighting its role as a major center with significant contributions from prominent Jain figures and the establishment of numerous temples and educational institutions.
  • North Gujarat and Saurashtra: Discussing the contributions of revered Acharyas and the importance of pilgrimage sites.
  • Central and Southern Gujarat: Detailing the historical presence and influence of Jainism in cities like Ahmedabad, Vadodara, and Khambhat, as well as the contributions of prominent Jain philanthropists.
  • Maharashtra: Exploring the presence of Jain caves, temples, and the impact of Jain migration and community organization, along with the unique Bhattarak institution.
  • Karnataka: Focusing on the rich heritage of Jain art and architecture, from the early Kadamba period through the Hoysala and Vijayanagara dynasties, and highlighting rock-cut temples and the significance of figures like Gomateshwara.
  • Kerala: Examining the early entry of Jainism, its spread through migration and trade, and its philosophical influence on Tamil literature like Thirukkural and Shilappathikaram. It also touches upon the decline and survival of Jainism in the region, particularly in Wynad.
  • Goa: Discussing the historical presence of Jainism linked to Gujarati traders and the discovery of ancient Jain idols and temple ruins.
  • Orissa (Odisha): Detailing the ancient association of Jainism with the region, the patronage of kings like Kharavela, the importance of pilgrimage sites like Khandagiri and Udaigiri, and the presence of the Saraka community with Jainistic traditions.
  • Bihar: Recognizing it as the "homeland of Jainism," the birthplace of Lord Mahavira, and a significant region for Jain austerity and liberation, with a strong presence of Jain Sadhana and research institutes.
  • Uttar Pradesh: Tracing the historical spread of Jainism through key centers like Ayodhya, Varanasi, Mathura, Hastinapur, and Koshambi, highlighting the birthplaces of Tirthankaras and the development of Jain art, architecture, and literature.
  • Rajasthan: Showcasing the deep historical roots of Jainism, the influence of Jain ascetics on Rajput rulers, the extensive literary and epigraphic evidence, and the vibrant temple culture, particularly at Mount Abu and Ranakpur.
  • Madhya Pradesh: Exploring the historical presence of Jainism in various regions like Malwa, Bundelkhand, and Gwalior, the significant manuscript collections, and the contributions of Jain scholars and organizations.
  • Haryana: Discussing the spread of Jainism through temples and Stanaks, even in a state not directly linked to Tirthankara birthplaces, and highlighting the work of Jain educational and social service centers.
  • Punjab: Examining the historical presence of Jainism, the impact of Jain scholars and saints like Acharya Vijayanand Suri and Virchand Raghavji Gandhi, the creation of Jain literature, and the community's involvement in social and cultural activities.
  • Northeast India: Focusing on archaeological evidence from places like Surya Pahar and the consolidation of Jain presence through migration, highlighting the role of prominent Jain leaders in community development and the establishment of educational institutions.
• Jain Community's Social Contributions: The book underscores the significant role of the Jain community in societal development through philanthropic activities, educational initiatives, healthcare services, and contributions to trade and commerce, often maintaining a strong ethical framework.
• Preservation and Propagation: It emphasizes the continuous efforts by Jain monks, scholars, and communities to preserve ancient texts, translate scriptures, and propagate Jain teachings through modern means, including electronic media and interfaith dialogue, adapting to a globalized world.

In essence, "Development and Impact of Jainism in India & Abroad" serves as a valuable resource for understanding the historical trajectory, philosophical depth, and enduring cultural influence of Jainism, both within its birthplace and across the global landscape.