Dada Shree Jinkushalsuri - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Dada Shree Jinkushalsuri," based on the provided pages. The text details the life and teachings of Acharya Jin Kushal Suri, a prominent figure in Jainism, particularly within the Kharatar Gacch tradition.

Overall Introduction:

The book "Dada Shree Jinkushalsuri" is a Gujarati translation of a work originally authored in Hindi by Agarchand Nahta and Bhanvarlal Nahta. It was translated into Gujarati by Muni Shri Kantisagarji and edited by the late Anugacharya Shri Keshar Muniji Ganivar Vinay Buddhisagar Ganiji. The publication was made possible through the financial support of various Jain communities and individuals, highlighting the collective effort to preserve and disseminate the life of this influential Jain scholar. The text emphasizes the significant role of Acharyas in propagating and upholding Jain Dharma, especially in the current era (Pancham Kaal).

Key Figures and the "Dada Saheb" Title:

The text identifies four highly influential Acharyas in Jain history who are collectively known as "Dada Saheb." These are:

Shri Jintatta Suri Maharaj: Known for initiating a vast number of people into Jainism.
Shri Jinchandra Suri Maharaj (Mani Dhari): A direct disciple of Shri Jintatta Suri, who despite his short life, influenced many non-Jains to embrace the faith.
Shri Jinkushal Suri Maharaj: Celebrated for his extensive travels and for converting fifty thousand new lay followers (Shravaks) through his teachings.
Shri Jinchandra Suri Maharaj (Akbaropadeshak): Renowned for his discourse with Emperor Akbar, leading to the abolition of certain practices detrimental to Jainism across India, and for successfully petitioning Emperor Jahangir to revoke a ban on Jain monks' travels.

Shri Jinkushal Suri is the primary focus of this book, celebrated for his unwavering character, profound teachings, and miraculous powers, which attracted vast numbers to Jainism. His influence is so widespread that his foot imprints (padukas) and idols are venerated in numerous places across India, with both Shvetambar (Deravasi and Sthanakvasi) and Terapanthi followers honoring him.

The Life of Shri Jinkushal Suri:

Birth and Early Life: Born in the year V.S. 1337 (circa 1280 CE) in the village of Samiyana (Gadh-Siwana) in Rajasthan, to Minister Shri Jesal-Jeddagar and his virtuous wife Jayantashri. He was named Karman Kumar. From a young age, he exhibited a deep inclination towards spirituality, deeply influenced by the teachings of Acharya Shri Jinprabodh Suri, the disciple of the renowned Acharya Shri Jinchandra Suri. His strong desire for spiritual liberation led him to renounce worldly life despite his mother's emotional pleas.
Initiation and Education: At the age of ten, he received initiation from Acharya Shri Jinchandra Suri, taking the name Kushalkirti. He was educated under the tutelage of prominent scholars like Upadhyay Shri Viveksamudra, Master of grammar, logic, literature, and other subjects. His profound intellect and grasp of various disciplines were evident from his early years, leading to his appointment as a Vachakacharya (preacher/reader of scriptures) by Acharya Shri Jinchandra Suri.
Ascension to Suri Pad (Priesthood): Following the passing of his Guru, Acharya Shri Jinchandra Suri, who was suffering from an illness, appointed Kushalkirti as his successor. In V.S. 1377 (circa 1320 CE), during a grand ceremony in Patan, Kushalkirti was officially installed as Acharya and given the title "Shri Jinkushal Suri." This event was marked by widespread festivities and the participation of many esteemed monks and lay followers from across the land.
Extensive Travels and Propagation of Dharma: The book details Shri Jinkushal Suri's extensive travels across various regions of India, including Rajasthan, Gujarat, Sindh, Punjab, Delhi, and beyond. His influence extended to places like Uchh Nagar and Devrajpur (now in Pakistan), where he actively countered prevailing non-Jain beliefs and established the supremacy of Jain principles. His eloquent discourses and profound spiritual presence attracted many, leading to conversions and the strengthening of Jain communities.
Miracles and Spiritual Power: The text attributes numerous miracles and displays of spiritual power to Shri Jinkushal Suri. These include saving ships from storms, bringing rain during droughts, demonstrating profound knowledge, and influencing rulers and common people alike. His interventions are depicted as aiding his followers in times of distress and fulfilling their sincere wishes.
Literary Contributions: Shri Jinkushal Suri was a learned scholar and composed several important works, including commentaries on Jain scriptures. Notably, his commentary on the Chaiitya Vandan Kulak Vrutti is highlighted for its depth, clarity, and inclusion of ethical narratives. His other known works include stotras (hymns) and descriptive accounts of sacred places.
Establishment of Shrines and Monastic Lineages: The book enumerates various places where Shri Jinkushal Suri established temples, installed idols, and initiated disciples, leading to the establishment of distinct monastic branches and a widespread network of veneration. The presence of his padukas (foot imprints) and statues in numerous Jain temples across India is a testament to his enduring legacy.
Passing and Legacy: Acharya Shri Jinkushal Suri passed away in V.S. 1389 (circa 1332 CE) in Devrajpur after observing a period of austerity. His death was mourned by his vast following. His successor, Acharya Shri Jinpadma Suri, and subsequent Acharyas, like Acharya Shri Semprabh, continued to spread his teachings and expand the influence of the Kharatar Gacch. The text also discusses the historical debate surrounding the exact date of his passing.

Appendices:

The book includes appendices that contain:

Appendix [A]: An excerpt from an ancient letter describing an interaction between Shri Jinpati Suri and a follower, highlighting the ethical conduct and spiritual devotion of Jain laypeople.
Appendix [B]: A Gujarati Chaupai (poetic composition) titled "Shri Jinchandra Chaturshashtika" composed by Shri Jinkushal Suri himself, praising his Guru, Shri Jinchandra Suri.
Appendix [C]: A Chaupai by Mahopadhyaya Shri Jayasagar, praising Shri Jinkushal Suri.
Appendix [D]: A Stavana (devotional song) by Rajharsh, listing 108 places associated with Shri Jinkushal Suri.

Conclusion:

"Dada Shree Jinkushalsuri" serves as a detailed historical and devotional account of a significant Jain Acharya. It highlights his immense contributions to the propagation and preservation of Jain Dharma through his scholarly pursuits, ethical conduct, spiritual prowess, and extensive missionary activities. The book aims to inspire readers by showcasing the life of a great soul who dedicated himself to spiritual upliftment and societal welfare, leaving an indelible mark on Jainism.