Bharatiya Sanskritino Aatma

This book, "Bharatiya Sanskritino Atma" (The Soul of Indian Culture), authored by Kumarpal Desai and published by the World Jain Confederation, is a biographical sketch of Virchand Raghavji Gandhi, a prominent Jain scholar and exponent of Indian philosophy. It also includes an essay on the "harmful practice of crying and lamenting at the time of death."

The book delves into the life and contributions of Virchand Gandhi, highlighting his intellectual prowess, his extensive travels and lectures across America and England, and his role as a representative of Jainism at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago in 1893.

Key aspects covered in the book include:

• Virchand Gandhi's Early Life and Education: Born in Mahuva, Gujarat, Gandhi displayed exceptional intellect from a young age. The book details his early education, his move to Mumbai for higher studies, and his achievement as the first Jain graduate from the Bombay University.

• His Role in the World Parliament of Religions (1893): The book provides a detailed account of Gandhi's participation in this historic event, emphasizing his eloquent presentations on Jain philosophy and Indian culture. It highlights how he countered criticisms against Hinduism and effectively presented the depth of Indian thought to a Western audience. His interactions with figures like Swami Vivekananda are also touched upon.

• Advocacy for Jainism and Indian Culture: Gandhi was a passionate advocate for Jainism, explaining its principles with clarity and logic. He also championed Indian culture, refuting the prevalent Western misconceptions about India being a backward nation. He spoke on various social and religious topics, showcasing the richness of Indian heritage.

• Social Reforms and Activism: The book details Gandhi's involvement in social reforms, including his efforts to abolish harmful funeral rites, his advocacy for women's education through the establishment of the 'International Society for the Education of Women in India,' and his involvement in issues related to Jain pilgrimage sites like Shatrunjay and Sametshikhar.

• Writings and Translations: The book mentions Gandhi's significant literary contributions, including translations and essays. Notably, his translation of Nicholas Notovitch's "The Unknown Life of Jesus Christ" is discussed, along with his own works like "The Jain Philosophy," "The Yoga Philosophy," and "Karma Philosophy." The essay on the "harmful practice of crying and lamenting" is also featured, where he critiques traditional mourning rituals and advocates for a more rational and dignified approach.

• Interactions with Mahatma Gandhi: The book sheds light on the relationship between Virchand Gandhi and Mahatma Gandhi, noting their shared living space in Mumbai and their discussions on food experimentation.

• Impact and Legacy: The author emphasizes Gandhi's pioneering role in presenting Indian thought to the West and his efforts to foster interfaith understanding. The book laments the lack of sustained efforts to propagate his ideas after his demise and calls for a revival of his legacy to inspire future generations.

• Critique of Missionary Activities: Gandhi was a strong critic of Christian missionary activities in India, arguing that they often misrepresented Indian culture and sought to convert people through coercive or misleading means.

• Praise and Recognition: The book includes testimonials from various newspapers and individuals in America and England, praising Gandhi's eloquence, intellect, and the profound impact of his lectures.

In essence, "Bharatiya Sanskritino Atma" portrays Virchand Raghavji Gandhi as a multifaceted personality – a scholar, a social reformer, a nationalist, and a devoted follower of Jainism, who played a crucial role in shaping perceptions of India and its culture on the global stage. The book aims to reintroduce this "forgotten hero" to the Jain community and the broader Indian society, urging them to learn from his life and contributions.