Bhagavana Rushabhdeva - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Bhagvan Rushabhdev" by Jaybhikkhu, based on the provided pages:

Overview:

The book "Bhagvan Rushabhdev" by Jaybhikkhu, published by Shri Jaybhikkhu Sahitya Trust, Ahmedabad, presents a compelling narrative of the life and teachings of the first Tirthankara of Jainism, Lord Rishabhdev. The book is part of the "Jaybhikkhu Janmashatabdi Granthavali" series and aims to bring Jaybhikkhu's profound literature to a wider audience. The author, Jaybhikkhu, is recognized for his "life-affirming literature" that imparts messages of humanity, national pride, respect for women, and interfaith harmony. He penned 297 works, leaving an indelible mark on Gujarati literature.

Key Themes and Narrative:

The book delves into the story of Lord Rishabhdev's life, portraying him as a universal figure revered across various traditions, not confined to Jainism. It highlights his role as the progenitor of civilization, introducing concepts like agriculture, commerce, and governance. The narrative is structured to be engaging, accessible to all ages, and filled with philosophical depth.

Key Sections and Their Content:

Introduction and Dedication: The book is dedicated to Shri U.N. Mehta and Shrimati Shardaben U. Mehta for their contributions to social causes and education. The introductory sections emphasize Jaybhikkhu's prolific writing career and the establishment of the Shri Jaybhikkhu Sahitya Trust to promote his humanitarian and literary works.
Jaybhikkhu's Literary Contribution: The publisher's note details Jaybhikkhu's significant contributions to Gujarati literature, including novels, short stories, biographies, and children's literature. It mentions the establishment of the trust in his honor and its ongoing activities like memorial lectures, essay competitions, and awards.
Prakathan (Preface) by Sushil: This preface praises Jaybhikkhu's storytelling style, which breathes life into ancient tales and makes them feel new. It compares his narrative ability to that of great ancient poets like Kalidasa and Bhavabhuti, capable of captivating audiences with familiar stories. The preface highlights how Jaybhikkhu's writing aims to revive ancient Jain literature and convey its universal message.
"E Vishwatomukh Vibhuti" (A Universal Being): This section, likely an introduction or a chapter, introduces Bhagvan Rishabhdev as a multifaceted personality whose life story is a captivating novel. It emphasizes his universal appeal, transcending religious and sectarian boundaries. The text acknowledges the differing interpretations of Rishabhdev's life across various scriptures (Brahminical, Jain, Islamic), noting that each tradition has molded his narrative to suit its own doctrines. It highlights Rishabhdev's introduction of essential societal practices like "Asi" (weaponry/defense), "Masi" (writing/administration), and "Krishi" (agriculture), and his establishment as the first Dharma-pravartaka (Tirthankar). The author reflects on the historical darkness surrounding ancient India and the challenges of discerning historical accuracy, but firmly establishes Rishabhdev's significance as a universally revered figure.
"Jhanjhavaat" (The Storm): This chapter vividly depicts the primal state of existence before the advent of societal structures. It describes a world where humans lived as "Yugaliks" (paired beings, born and dying together), existing in a state of idyllic innocence and natural harmony. The narrative then shifts to the onset of a catastrophic storm, a natural upheaval that marks a turning point, leading to the death of the male Yugali, a significant event that introduces the concept of mortality and sorrow. This primal event triggers the first instance of human lament and sets the stage for the subsequent development of societal norms and the search for meaning.
"Jijivisha nu Juddh" (The War of the Will to Live): This section narrates the immediate aftermath of the storm and the death of the male Yugali. The surviving female experiences profound grief and loneliness. This leads to the birth of the first human emotion of sorrow and the emergence of rudimentary concepts of "gods" and "worship" as humans seek explanations and solace for the inexplicable events. The development of ritualistic practices and the attribution of cause and effect to supernatural beings are explored as humanity grapples with the loss of innocence and the onset of suffering.
"Jay Ho Vrushabhadhwajano!" (Hail to the Bull-Bannered One!): This chapter focuses on the emergence of a significant figure, implied to be Lord Rishabhdev, who appears on a magnificent elephant. He is depicted as a charismatic leader, a beacon of hope amidst the prevailing chaos and fear. He begins to educate and organize the scattered human settlements, introducing them to new ways of living, laws, and societal structures. His teachings emphasize the inherent potential within humans and the importance of self-reliance rather than solely depending on divine intervention. This marks the beginning of organized civilization and the establishment of a new order.
"Kularkaro" (The Clan Founders): This section likely details the establishment of societal structures, families, and the concept of lineage. It might describe the early stages of human organization, the development of social roles, and the process by which these foundational elements of civilization were laid.
"Vrushabhadhwaj" (The Bull-Bannered One): This chapter likely focuses on Lord Rishabhdev's identity and his divine attributes, symbolized by the bull banner. It may elaborate on his role as a spiritual guide and the originator of ethical and moral principles that would govern human conduct.
"Sunanda e Nirakhli Ayodhya" (Ayodhya as Seen by Sunanda): This chapter offers a glimpse into the nascent city of Ayodhya through the eyes of a character named Sunanda. It likely portrays the early stages of urban development, the societal norms, and the burgeoning culture that would eventually be associated with Rishabhdev's teachings.
"Avibhakta Atmao" (Unpartitioned Souls): This section might explore the concept of interconnectedness and the non-dualistic nature of the soul, a core principle in Jain philosophy. It could illustrate how Rishabhdev's teachings emphasized unity and the dissolution of perceived separateness.
"Sarvottam Shakti ni Shodh" (The Search for the Ultimate Power): This chapter likely delves into the philosophical quest for understanding the divine or the ultimate reality. It might portray Rishabhdev's efforts to guide humanity towards self-realization and the discovery of their inherent spiritual strength.
"Ashtapad na Panjama" (In the Claws of Ashtapad): This chapter may narrate a period of hardship or a significant challenge faced by Rishabhdev or his followers, possibly involving the mythical mountain Ashtapad, which is spiritually significant in Jainism. It could highlight themes of perseverance and overcoming adversity.
"Manas ne Saja ke Kshama" (Punishment or Forgiveness for Man): This section likely explores the ethical dimensions of justice and human fallibility. It might depict Rishabhdev's teachings on accountability, consequences of actions, and the importance of forgiveness in societal harmony.
"Virahini Mahadevi" (The Lonely Great Goddess): This chapter may focus on themes of separation, loss, and the emotional struggles that arise from them, possibly through the character of a grieving or yearning female figure, reflecting the human experience of attachment and detachment.
"Vasantotsav ma Vairagya" (Detachment in the Spring Festival): This chapter appears to present a narrative paradox – the juxtaposition of worldly celebration (Vasantotsav) with spiritual renunciation (Vairagya). It might explore how amidst worldly pleasures and festivities, the path of detachment and spiritual pursuit can still be found or emphasized.
"Raja no Dharma" (The Duty of a King): This section focuses on the principles of righteous governance and the responsibilities of a ruler. It likely outlines the ethical duties of a king, emphasizing justice, welfare of the subjects, and the establishment of a morally upright society, aligning with the teachings of a Tirthankara.
"Jene Je Joie Te" (Whatever One Desires): This chapter likely highlights the theme of abundance and fulfillment. It might depict a society where people's needs are met, and their desires are realized, possibly through the compassionate rule of Rishabhdev or the inherent spiritual wealth of the era.
"Vishwatomukh": This likely refers back to Rishabhdev's universal nature, appearing as a recurring theme or a concluding thought on his all-encompassing presence and influence.
"Bhavya Margano Ekaki Upasak" (A Solitary Worshipper of the Grand Path): This chapter might focus on the solitary path of spiritual pursuit, possibly detailing Rishabhdev's own ascetical practices or his role in guiding others toward a spiritual journey.
"Avar Dev Nahi Yachu" (I Will Not Pray to Another God): This chapter's title suggests a focus on the principle of singular devotion or the ultimate realization of the divine within oneself, perhaps reflecting Rishabhdev's teachings on self-reliance and the inherent divinity of the soul.
"Me To Dolto Dungar Ditho Jo" (I Saw a Swaying Mountain): This chapter's title evokes a mystical or visionary experience, possibly symbolizing the profound spiritual insight or realization that Rishabhdev attained. It might represent a moment of profound understanding of the universe's interconnectedness.
"Antar Vasiya Maharaj" (The Inner King): This section likely refers to the concept of the indwelling self or the divine within, emphasizing the internal kingdom of the soul that one can discover and rule, aligning with spiritual liberation.
"Maro Vrushabh!": This chapter, meaning "My Bull!", likely refers to Rishabhdev's epithet, the "Vrishabhdhwaj" (Bull-banner), and may delve into the symbolism and significance of the bull, representing strength, dharma, and steadfastness.
"Prabhu, Tuj Shasan Ati Bhallu" (Lord, Your Rule is Most Excellent): This title suggests a chapter praising the benevolent and just rule of Lord Rishabhdev, highlighting the effectiveness and virtue of his administration and teachings.
"Prasthan" (The Departure): This likely signifies Lord Rishabhdev's final journey towards liberation (Moksha) or his renunciation of worldly affairs. It would detail his final teachings and his departure from the cycle of birth and death.

Overall Impression:

Jaybhikkhu's "Bhagvan Rushabhdev" appears to be a meticulously researched and beautifully rendered biography that goes beyond mere historical or mythological recounting. It aims to present Lord Rishabhdev as a foundational figure of human civilization and a beacon of spiritual wisdom, whose teachings remain relevant for fostering a humane and ethical society. The book seems to blend historical context with philosophical insights, making the life of this revered figure accessible and inspiring to contemporary readers.