Bhagavana Mahavira Aur Unka Tattvadarshan - Book Summary

Based on the provided Jain text, here's a comprehensive summary in English:

Book Title: Bhagavana Mahavira aur Unka Tattvadarshan (Lord Mahavira and His Philosophy) Author: Deshbhushan Acharya Publisher: ZZZ Unknown Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/090094/1

This book, published in honor of the 2500th Nirvana anniversary of Lord Mahavira, is a comprehensive exploration of his life and philosophy, compiled and presented by Acharya Deshbhushan Ji Maharaj. The preface highlights the Acharya's profound spiritual insights, literary contributions, and his commitment to the welfare of all beings, drawing parallels with revered saints.

Key Aspects and Content:

The Central Figure: Lord Mahavira: The book is dedicated to Lord Mahavira, detailing his philosophy, life, and teachings. It aims to provide a complete understanding of his spiritual insights and their relevance for spiritual seekers and the general public.
Acharya Deshbhushan Ji Maharaj's Contribution: The preface emphasizes Acharya Deshbhushan's extensive knowledge of various languages and philosophies, his deep study of ancient Jain literature, and his dedication to bringing these invaluable works to light. His interaction with notable figures like Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri and industrialist Jugal Kishore Birla is mentioned, showcasing his broad influence. The Acharya's passion for unearthing and publishing rare Jain manuscripts is highlighted, with specific mention of his efforts to make Kannad, Tamil, and other regional language texts accessible in Hindi.
The "Vardhaman Purana" by Kavi Navalshah: A significant portion of the book is dedicated to the "Vardhaman Purana," a poetic work on the life of Lord Mahavira by Kavi Navalshah, composed in 1768 AD. This ancient manuscript, previously unpublished and found in a temple library in Delhi, is a key component of the book. It is noted for its rich descriptions and approximately 400 illustrations that depict various events from Mahavira's life. The Acharya's effort in editing, translating, and publishing this illustrated work is highly praised.
Structure and Content of "Vardhaman Purana": The "Vardhaman Purana" is described as a narrative following the traditional Jain Purana style, covering 16 chapters (Adhikars). It details Lord Mahavira's past lives, his birth, childhood, renunciation, arduous penance, attainment of Kevala Jnana (omniscience), his sermons in the Samavasarana, the conversion of prominent disciples like Gautam Gandhar, his teachings on various topics, his extensive travels, and his final Nirvana. The narrative structure is designed to expound Jain principles through the life story of the Tirthankara.
Comprehensive Jain Knowledge: Beyond the "Vardhaman Purana," the book includes a vast collection of Jain knowledge, organized into distinct chapters:
- Jain Dharma and its Principles: Discusses the general nature of Jainism, core principles, Dravya (substances), Pudgala, Dharmadravya, Adharmadravya, Akashadravya, Kaladravya, Sapta Tattva (Seven Realities), Ashtakarma, and the practices of lay followers (Avashyak, Vratas, Pratimas, etc.).
- Jain Cosmology and Geography: A detailed description of the Jain universe, including the structure of the universe (Lok), the underworld (Adholok), the middle world (Madhyalok), and the heavens (Urdhvalok), along with descriptions of continents, oceans, mountains, rivers, and celestial beings. This section includes extensive lists of geographical features and their measurements.
- Chronology and Lives of Kulakaras and Tirthankaras: Provides historical context and biographical details of the fourteen Kulakaras and the twenty-four Tirthankaras, with a particular focus on Lord Mahavira's timeline and the history of his Nirvana place, Pawapuri.
- Key Jain Concepts: Explains concepts like Digambaratva (celibacy/nakedness of monks), the superiority of Mahavira's teachings, and the relationship between Lord Mahavira and Lord Buddha. It also touches upon Siddha Bhumi (the abode of liberated souls).
- Interfaith Perspectives: Briefly discusses Lord Mahavira's philosophy in relation to Hinduism (Vedas, Gita) and Buddhism.
- Jain Art and Iconography: The book is rich in illustrations, particularly those from the "Vardhaman Purana," which are highlighted for their artistic and historical value. The preservation of ancient Jain art through these illustrations is considered a significant contribution.
- Philosophical Depth: The text delves into the nature of the soul (Jiva), its various states and liberation, the concept of Karma, the causes of bondage and liberation, and the path to spiritual purification. The philosophical discussions are presented in a way that is both informative and conducive to spiritual contemplation.
Detailed Table of Contents: The book's extensive table of contents (Pages 8-47) outlines the vast array of topics covered, including detailed descriptions of the celestial realms, hellish realms, various classifications of beings, karmic principles, the stages of spiritual progress (Gunsthan), vows and their observances (Anuvratas, Mahavratas, Pratimas), the concept of Tapa (asceticism), and the ultimate goal of Moksha (liberation). The inclusion of numerous sub-sections within each chapter suggests a highly detailed and systematic presentation of Jain doctrine.
Emphasis on Ahimsa and Purity: The core tenets of Jainism, such as Ahimsa (non-violence) and the importance of adhering to principles like avoiding certain foods (Madyam, Mansam, Madhu), filtered water, and refraining from eating at night, are elaborated upon, especially in the context of the Asta Mulaguna (Eight Principal Virtues). The text stresses the purity of conduct and thought necessary for spiritual progress.
The "Vardhaman Purana's" Narrative Structure: The book details the 16 Adhikars of the "Vardhaman Purana," outlining the specific events and teachings covered in each chapter, from Mahavira's antecedent lives to his final liberation. It highlights the poet's skill in using various meters and rhetorical devices suitable for the subject matter.

In essence, "Bhagavana Mahavira aur Unka Tattvadarshan" is presented as a monumental work that not only celebrates Lord Mahavira's legacy but also serves as a comprehensive encyclopedia of Jain philosophy, cosmology, history, and practices, made accessible through the dedicated efforts of Acharya Deshbhushan Ji Maharaj and the publication of the ancient "Vardhaman Purana."