Ashtmangal Aishwarya - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Ashtmangal Aishwarya," based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Ashtmangal Aishwarya (The Magnificence of the Eight Auspicious Symbols) Author(s): Jaysundarsuri, Saumyaratnavijay Publisher: Jinshasan Aradhana Trust Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034073/1

Core Purpose and Content:

"Ashtmangal Aishwarya" is a Jain religious text that delves deeply into the significance, origin, iconography, and practical application of the Ashtmangals – the eight auspicious symbols within Jainism. The book aims to provide a simple and accessible introduction to these eternal and perfected symbols, emphasizing their importance in the Jain tradition.

Key Themes and Sections:

Introduction to the Ashtmangals (Page 1): The book opens by visually presenting the eight auspicious symbols: Swastik, Shrivatsa, Nandyavarta, Vardhamanaka, Bhadrasana, Purna Kalasha, Min Yugal (paired fish), and Darpan (mirror).
Scholarly Foundation and Publication (Page 2): It highlights that the book is based on various Jain scriptures (Agamas, Prakirnaka, Shilpa, Vidhi, Kosh, Digambara, and even Vedic-Buddhist texts) and is presented as a detailed, descriptive research essay on each of the eternal and perfected Ashtmangals, a first of its kind in Jain literature.
Dedication and Inspirational Source (Page 3): The book is dedicated to revered Jain Acharyas, including Acharya Bhadra Shri Vijay Jayghos Surishwarji Maharaj and Acharya Bhadra Shri Vijay Hemchandrasurishwarji Maharaj, acknowledging their inspiration and guidance. The author expresses a prayer for the progress and peace of the Jain community and for the ultimate goal of Moksha.
Publication Details and Contributors (Page 4): This page outlines the book's subject matter, the simplification of complex scriptural references, and the contributors. Acharya Bhadra Shri Vijay Jayasundarsuri is credited with the revision and validation, and Muni Shri Saumya Ratna Vijayji is the author. It also details publication history (first and second editions) and contact information for obtaining the book.
Context of the Publication: The Shraman Sammelan Proposal (Page 5): The publication is directly linked to a resolution (Proposal No. 48) from a historic Shraman Sammelan in Palitana (V.S. 2072). This resolution aimed to address the financial challenges faced by Jain communities ("Sadharan Khate") by proposing various fundraising methods during the Paryushan festival. One key proposal was to conduct "Uchhamani/Boli" (auctions/bids) for the eight Ashtmangals, where devotees could make offerings to "view" or "donate" for them, with the proceeds going to the common fund.
Purpose of the Book within the Resolution (Page 6): The book serves as a companion to this initiative, providing an introduction to the "Mahatmya" (glory) of the Ashtmangals. It explains that the book is a simplified summary of a more extensive work titled "Ashtmangal Mahatmya (Sarvasangrah)." The text also mentions that other suggestions for increasing the common fund are included at the end of the booklet. Gratitude is expressed to the author and the benefactors.
The Author's Perspective and Curiosity (Page 7): Muni Shri Saumya Ratna Vijayji shares his long-standing curiosity about the importance of Ashtmangals in Jainism, questioning whether their significance is merely worldly or truly spiritual. He notes that the eight auspicious symbols are predominantly found in Jain scriptures, not in other traditions. He mentions discovering the "Ashtmangal Pravibhakti Chitra" (a play related to Ashtmangals) while studying the "Shradh Vidhi" and expresses his gratitude to the author for the detailed research that will benefit many curious individuals.
Deeper Research and Future Avenues (Page 8): The author elaborates on the profound research undertaken, referring to it as a "Ph.D. equivalent thesis." This research uncovered the fundamental Jain tradition of Ashtmangals, their eternal nature, their specific sequence, their number (eight or sixty-four), the practice of "alekhan" (drawing/inscribing) rather than "poojan" (worship), and the absence of flaws in their "visarjan" (immersion). He encourages further research into their connection with elements, planets, yogic principles, and even their potential energy frequencies.
Personal Gratitude and Dedication (Page 9): The author expresses deep gratitude to Acharya Bhadra Shri Vijay Jayasundarsuri for his meticulous revision and enhancement of the booklet, which increased its authenticity. He also notes that the second edition is being presented on the 82nd birthday of Acharya Bhadra Shri Vijay Jayaghos Surishwarji Maharaj, finding fulfillment in this contribution.
Ashtmangal Doha (Verses) for Devotion (Page 10): This page provides eight couplets (dohas), one for each Ashtmangal, that can be recited during their "darshan" (viewing) or "alekhan" (inscribing). Each doha explains the specific auspicious quality or benefit associated with that symbol, culminating in a final couplet invoking the blessings of the Acharyas.
The Ashtmangals in Practice (Page 11): It begins by stating that the "darshan" of the Ashtmangals leads to the upliftment of the Jain Sangha, removal of obstacles, and attainment of liberation. It then transitions into the practical aspects of "manglik upchar" (auspicious rituals) in Jain life, from major temple events to personal milestones like exams, weddings, or business openings. It acknowledges that while material offerings are part of these rituals, the core desire is for the auspicious and for the removal of misfortunes.
Defining "Mangal" (Auspiciousness) (Page 12): This section defines "Mangal" (auspiciousness) as anything that leads to one's well-being, purity, destruction of obstacles, and joy. It emphasizes that anything that brings forth Dharma into one's life is also considered auspicious.
Various Forms of Auspiciousness (Page 13): It expands on the various forms of auspiciousness, stating that Arihant Parmatma is the supreme auspicious form. Their remembrance, images, and the eight Pratiharyas are also auspicious. The 14 dreams of the Tirthankara's mother and Jain puja (worship) implements are also considered auspicious. Even certain bodily marks and auspicious signs are included. The text clarifies that auspiciousness can be in the form of a person, food, fruit, sound, or even an image. It highlights that Swastik, Shrivatsa, Nandyavarta, and Min Yugal are primarily image-based auspicious symbols, while Vardhamanaka, Bhadrasana, Purna Kalasha, and Darpan are both image-based and object-based auspicious symbols.
The Origin of Ashtmangals in Jain Tradition (Page 14): The book asserts that while auspicious symbols exist in many traditions, the specific designation of eight auspicious symbols (Ashtmangal) originates earliest in Jain Agamas. It further points to a 2000-year-old Jain "Ayagapatt" (a type of commemorative tablet) from Mathura as the earliest collective engraving of Ashtmangals, as depicted in the book's frontispiece.
Historical Manifestations and Continuing Tradition (Page 15): It mentions the collective inscription of Ashtmangals on the doorframes of the thousand-year-old Shantinath Jain temple in Kumbhariya and their presence in the borders of ancient Jain manuscripts. The tradition continues in the Shvetambara sect, with Ashtmangals inscribed on the "ogha" (a type of broom used by monks) and as decorative elements on doorframes. It also notes that four of the 24 Tirthankaras' emblems (Laanchan) are also part of the Ashtmangals.
The Eternal Agamic Order of Ashtmangals (Page 16): This crucial section emphasizes that the order of the Ashtmangals is also considered eternal and consistent across various Jain Agamas like the Shri Raysheniya Sutra, Shri Aupapatik Sutra, and others. It lists the established order: Swastik, Shrivatsa, Nandyavarta, Vardhamanaka, Bhadrasana, Kalasha, Min Yugal, and Darpan. It also mentions their presence in processions and on sacred structures.
The Journey of Ashtmangals: From Inscription to Tablets (Page 17): The text traces the evolution of presenting Ashtmangals in Jain rituals. Initially, they were inscribed on pure ground. From the 16th century, they began appearing on "Patla" (wooden boards). By the 19th century, "Patla" became essential in various rituals. The convenience of pre-carved "Patla" led to their widespread adoption. Eventually, the idea of creating permanent "Patli" (metal plates) made of Panchdhatu (five metals) emerged, leading to the current practice of revering them with Kesar (saffron). It clarifies that the original practice was inscription, not worship.
Significance of Ashtmangal Darshan for the Sangha (Page 18): Viewing the Ashtmangals at appropriate times, such as the start of a task, during departures, or on auspicious days, is considered beneficial for removing obstacles and achieving goals. It provides peace and happiness and is considered unique and extraordinary. The positive energy of these symbols can counteract negativity and depression.
Locations for Ashtmangal Presentation (Page 19): Ashtmangals can be inscribed before Gurus, during ceremonies like "Gahuli" (a ritual for children), procession vehicles, and on the doors of Upashrayas (monastic residences) and homes. They can also be engraved in the architectural art of Jain temples.
The Symbolic Message of Each Ashtmangal (Pages 19-33): This extensive section dedicates detailed explanations to the symbolism and significance of each of the eight Ashtmangals:
- Swastik: Represents welfare, destruction of sins, expansion of merit, and can symbolize the four types of Dharma, the cycle of birth and death, or even the four directions. It is highly energetic and widely used in Jain practice.
- Shrivatsa: Represents prosperity, abundance, and the compassion of Tirthankaras. It is found on the chest of Tirthankaras and is believed to symbolize auspiciousness and wealth. The text discusses its ancient and modern forms.
- Nandyavarta: Symbolizes happiness, well-being, and the overcoming of sorrow. It is associated with the 18th Tirthankara, Aranath. The text discusses its ancient form, often compared to a great fish.
- Vardhamanaka: Represents growth, prosperity, and development in ten directions. It is also referred to as a "Sharav Sampoot" (a type of container).
- Bhadrasana: Symbolizes a benevolent and comfortable seat, often associated with the throne of Tirthankaras, signifying good conduct and the avoidance of pride.
- Purna Kalasha: Represents fullness, completion, and auspiciousness. It is associated with the ninth dream of the Tirthankara's mother and the emblem of the 19th Tirthankara, Mallinath.
- Min Yugal (Paired Fish): Symbolizes happiness, joy, and true love. It also represents moving against the current of worldly attachments to achieve spiritual purity. It is listed as one of the dreams of the Tirthankara's mother.
- Darpan (Mirror): Represents the destruction of ego, pure knowledge, and self-awareness. It reflects the divine and encourages virtuous reflections of others. It is also used in rituals for auspiciousness and removing negativity.
Guidance for Increasing Common Funds (Pages 34-37): This section reiterates the proposals from the Shraman Sammelan and provides a comprehensive list of various "chadhava" (offerings/bids) that can be conducted throughout the year (Paryushan, New Year, Chaturmas, Diksha, etc.) to increase the "Sadharan Dravya" (common funds) of the Jain Sangha. These include offerings related to viewing the Ashtmangals, symbolic roles during festivals, honoring spiritual leaders and patrons, and various charitable activities.
Specific Notes on Dev-Devi Related Funds (Page 37): It clarifies that funds generated from deities' temples or associated properties must be used appropriately and cannot be used for general donations, alms, or charitable activities beyond their intended purpose.
Concluding Blessing (Page 38): The book concludes with a heartfelt blessing, encouraging the reading and viewing of the Ashtmangals during sacred days like Paryushan. It expresses the hope that these symbols will inspire a "Dharma Mangalmay" (auspicious in Dharma) life, and suggests performing rituals of offering fragrant water, sandalwood, flowers, and incense.
Related Publications (Page 40): The final page lists other publications from the same publisher, "Shilp Vidhi Prakashan," focusing on Jain art, architecture, rituals, and iconography, indicating a broader effort to document and propagate Jain knowledge.

In essence, "Ashtmangal Aishwarya" serves as both a spiritual guide to the profound meaning of the eight auspicious symbols in Jainism and a practical handbook for implementing initiatives to support the Jain community's financial well-being, rooted in ancient traditions and scholarly research.