Apaschim Tirthankar Mahavira Part 01

This is a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Apaschim Tirthankar Mahavira Part 01" by Akhil Bharat Varshiya Sadhumargi Jain Sangh Bikaner. This summary focuses on the content provided in the text, covering the early life, previous lives, and spiritual journey of Lord Mahavira, as narrated in the book.

Book Title: Apaschim Tirthankar Mahavira Part 01 Author(s): Akhil Bharat Varshiya Sadhumargi Jain Sangh Bikaner Publisher: Akhil Bharat Varshiya Sadhumargi Jain Sangh

Overall Summary:

"Apaschim Tirthankar Mahavira Part 01" is a devotional and scholarly work by the Akhil Bharat Varshiya Sadhumargi Jain Sangh, dedicated to elaborating on the life and teachings of Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara. This first part, as indicated by the title, likely covers the foundational aspects of Lord Mahavira's existence, tracing his spiritual lineage and the events leading up to his birth and early life. The book emphasizes the significance of the Sadhumargi Jain tradition in preserving and propagating the teachings of Jainism, highlighting the role of its spiritual leaders.

Chapter-wise Breakdown of the Provided Text:

• Page 1-3: Introduction and Dedication. The book is published by Shri Akhil Bharatvarshiya Sadhumargi Jain Sangh, Bikaner. It is dedicated to Acharya Shri Ramlalji Maharaj Saheb, highlighting his role as a spiritual leader and guiding light within the Sadhumargi tradition.

• Page 4-5: Publishing Information: Details the first edition, publication date (March 2005), print run (2100 copies), financial supporter (Shri Sujanmalji Karnavat, Bangalore), price (₹40), publisher's contact details, typesetting, and printing information.

  • Dedication: The book is dedicated to Acharya Shri Ramlalji Maharaj Saheb, recognizing him as a guiding light, visionary, and proponent of peace-filled revolution within the Sadhumargi tradition.

• Page 5-7: Foreword (Prakashkiya): The foreword emphasizes the profound importance of Shraman culture and the Sadhumargi tradition within Indian culture. It praises the current leadership of Acharya Shri Ramlalji Maharaj Saheb for his deep knowledge of scriptures, his exemplary conduct, and his dedication to purity of practice for himself and his disciples. It also highlights the author, Mahasati Shri Vipulashri Ji M.S.A., for her scholarly depth, having earned an M.A. in Sanskrit and profound knowledge of Jain Agamas from Acharya Shri Nanesh. The foreword acknowledges a past misrepresentation of Lord Mahavira's principles and states that this book aims to present his life and penance based on ancient texts.

• Page 7-9: Introduction of Financial Supporter: Introduces Shri Sujanmalji Karnavat and his wife Smt. Gunmalaji Karnavat as the financial supporters of this "unique creation." It details Shri Sujanmalji's significant contributions in various fields and praises his family's unwavering dedication to the Jain Sangha and its spiritual leaders.

• Page 10-11: Table of Contents (Vishayanukramanika): Lists the chapters and their respective page numbers, covering topics like:

  • First Year of Sadhana
  • Second Year of Sadhana
  • Third Year of Sadhana
  • Fourth Year of Sadhana
  • Fifth Year of Sadhana
  • Sixth Year of Sadhana
  • Seventh Year of Sadhana
  • Eighth Year of Sadhana
  • Ninth Year of Sadhana
  • Tenth Year of Sadhana
  • Eleventh Year of Sadhana
  • Twelfth Year of Sadhana
  • Thirteenth Chapter
  • Fourteenth Chapter
  • Fifteenth Chapter
  • Sixteenth Chapter
  • Seventeenth Chapter
  • Eighteenth Chapter
  • Nineteenth Chapter
  • Twentieth Chapter
  • Twenty-first Chapter
  • Twenty-second Chapter

• Page 12-15: Chapter 1: Swapnalok (Dream World): This chapter likely describes the dreams of Queen Trishala (mother of Lord Mahavira) before his birth. It details the fourteen auspicious dreams, which are considered divine premonitions of a Tirthankara's birth. The dreams include an elephant, a bull, a lion, Lakshmi, a flower garland, the moon, the sun, a flag, a pitcher, a lotus lake, an ocean of milk, an aerial palace, a pile of jewels, and a fire. The chapter elaborates on the significance of each dream, as interpreted by the king and wise men, foretelling the extraordinary destiny of the child. The text also touches upon King Siddhartha's joy and anticipation.

• Page 16-18: Chapter 1 (Continued): Discusses the interpretation of the fourteen dreams in detail, connecting them to the future Tirthankara's qualities and achievements. It also references various Jain scriptures like the Kalpa Sutra and Bhagavati Sutra for detailed explanations of dreams and their meanings. It briefly touches upon the five types of dreams and the reasons for dreams.

• Page 21-23: Chapter 2: Kshatriyakund: Describes Kshatriyakund, the birthplace of Lord Mahavira, as a prosperous and well-developed city with strong fortifications, beautiful gardens, and grand buildings. It provides context about King Siddhartha and Queen Trishala, noting her relationship with Maharaja Chetak of Vaishali. The chapter delves into the political landscape of the time, mentioning the prevalence of both monarchical and republican systems of governance, and the rise of various clans and kingdoms.

• Page 24-26: Chapter 2 (Continued): Continues the discussion on the political structure of the Vajjian confederacy, highlighting the democratic governance of Vaishali, the assembly (Sansthagar), and the judiciary system. It then shifts to the economic conditions of the era, describing the prosperity in agriculture, trade, and arts, and the currency and entertainment prevalent at the time. This sets the stage for the divine birth of Lord Mahavira.

• Page 29-31: Chapter 3: Shishu Sanrakshan (Child Protection/Garbh Sanrakshan): Focuses on the meticulous care taken by Queen Trishala for the sustenance and upbringing of the divine embryo within her womb. It elaborates on the impact of a pregnant woman's diet, activities, and thoughts on the developing child, drawing parallels with Ayurvedic principles. It emphasizes the sacred duty of motherhood in nurturing a virtuous and powerful offspring, particularly in the case of a future Tirthankara.

• Page 32-33: Chapter 4: Matri Prem (Maternal Love): Depicts the deep affection and contemplation of King Siddhartha regarding his impending third child. It describes his joy and anticipation, naming the child 'Vardhaman' (meaning one who increases prosperity) due to the auspicious signs. It also highlights a significant event where the divine child in the womb, sensing the mother's distress, subtly moved, fulfilling a vow taken by Lord Mahavira in a previous birth. This chapter also touches upon the divine cravings (Dohad) of Queen Trishala during her pregnancy, which were fulfilled by the king.

• Page 36-38: Chapter 5: Bhagavat Janm (Divine Birth): Recounts the auspicious birth of Lord Mahavira on the auspicious night of Chaitra Shukla Trayodashi. It describes the divine atmosphere, the celestial music, and the overwhelming joy that filled the universe upon his arrival. The chapter details the birth of the child as a luminous being, fulfilling the prophecy of the fourteen dreams. It includes the astrological details of the birth, highlighting the planetary positions considered auspicious for a Tirthankara.

• Page 40-42: Chapter 6: Dev Janmabhishek (Divine Birth Ceremony): Describes the grand celestial ceremony performed by the gods to celebrate Lord Mahavira's birth. It details the arrival of various celestial beings, including the eight Dikumaris from the lower world, the eight from the upper world, and others from Ruchi Kuta, who participate in the bathing and adorning of the divine child. The elaborate rituals involve fragrant waters, divine garments, jewels, and music, all orchestrated by Indra and other celestial kings.

• Page 43-46: Chapter 6 (Continued): Continues the description of the divine birth ceremony, detailing the specific roles of different groups of celestial beings and their offerings. It highlights Indra's concern for the delicate divine child and the subsequent display of Lord Mahavira's immense strength, which calms Indra's apprehension. The chapter also describes the preparations for the grand Abhishek ceremony on Mount Meru, involving a vast collection of auspicious items and the participation of all the gods.

• Page 47-50: Chapter 7: Siddhartha dwara Janmabhishek (Birth Ceremony by Siddhartha): After the celestial ceremony, it describes King Siddhartha's human-level celebrations and rituals for his newborn son. This includes ordering the release of prisoners, ensuring public welfare, decorating the city, and holding festivities. The chapter also details the naming ceremony, where the child is formally named 'Vardhaman' due to the increased prosperity his birth brought. The narrative emphasizes the immense joy and pride of King Siddhartha and Queen Trishala.

• Page 58-64: Chapter 8: Purvabhavon ki Yatra (Journey of Previous Lives): This chapter is crucial as it begins to trace Lord Mahavira's past lives. It narrates the story of Nayasar, a devoted villager, who lived virtuously and attained the first stage of spiritual realization (Samyaktva). It then follows Nayasar's soul to the first heaven, subsequent rebirths as a human named Marichi (son of Chakravarti Bharat), a Brahmin, a Tri-dandi ascetic, and various other lives, including those as a Vasudev and Chakravarti. This section illustrates the long and arduous path of spiritual evolution through multiple births, marked by both virtuous deeds and occasional deviations, culminating in the readiness for Tirthankara status. The narrative highlights key events and the consequences of actions in these past lives, setting the context for Mahavira's spiritual journey.

• Page 91-94: Chapter 9: Parinay ki Parikrama (The Cycle of Marriage): This chapter likely details Lord Mahavira's marriage to Yashoda. It describes the societal expectations, King Siddhartha's desire for his son to marry, and Queen Trishala's efforts to persuade Vardhaman. The text notes Vardhaman's detachment even in the context of marriage and Yashoda's own inner resolve. It also mentions the birth of their daughter, Priyadarshana (later married to Jamali), and the eventual renunciation of household duties by King Siddhartha and Queen Trishala.

• Page 105-108: Chapter 11: Sadhnakal ka Pratham Varsh (First Year of Sadhana): Describes the profound transformation of Prince Vardhaman into Mahavira Swami after his renunciation. It details his austere practices, the hardships he endured, and the physical and mental challenges he faced. The chapter vividly portrays the emotional turmoil of his wife, Yashoda, who worries about his well-being. It also highlights Lord Mahavira's equanimity and detachment amidst severe penances and the suffering caused by insects and other creatures. The chapter mentions his first year of spiritual discipline and the immense inner strength required to overcome worldly attachments and physical discomforts.

• Page 111-114: Chapter 11 (Continued): Continues the description of Lord Mahavira's spiritual practices, focusing on his detachment from material comforts and his adherence to rigorous vows. It depicts his encounters with various individuals and situations, including a cowherd, a shepherd, and heathens, who often misunderstand and mistreat him. The text emphasizes his unwavering equanimity, his adherence to his vows, and his ability to remain undisturbed by external afflictions. It also touches upon his first year of penance and the significance of accepting suffering with equanimity.

• Page 117-120: Chapter 11 (Continued): Details more instances of Mahavira's tolerance and equanimity in the face of severe suffering inflicted by beings like the Yaksha Shulapani. It describes how Shulapani, a Yaksha, caused great torment to Mahavira through various forms of physical and mental torture. Despite enduring immense pain, Mahavira remained unperturbed, demonstrating profound self-control and compassion. The chapter concludes with the Yaksha's remorse and apology upon realizing Mahavira's true divine nature.

• Page 127-136: Chapter 12: Sadhnakal ka Dwitiya Varsh (Second Year of Sadhana): This chapter recounts events from Lord Mahavira's second year of spiritual practice. It describes his continued travels and encounters, including an incident involving a diviner named Achhandak. Through the intervention of the celestial being Siddhartha, Achhandak's fraudulent practices are exposed, highlighting Lord Mahavira's inherent divine knowledge and his commitment to truth. The chapter also portrays Goashala's growing attachment to Mahavira and his eventual discipleship, while also showing Goashala's contrasting nature of attachment and anger.

• Page 142-150: Chapter 13: Sadhnakal ka Tritiya Varsh (Third Year of Sadhana): This chapter continues the narrative of Lord Mahavira's spiritual journey, detailing his interactions with Goashala and the exposure of Goashala's misconduct. It describes Mahavira's consistent adherence to his vows and his unwavering equanimity even when faced with adversity. The chapter highlights incidents where Goashala's actions lead to negative consequences, further underscoring the contrast between Mahavira's path and Goashala's flawed approach to spiritual life. It also describes incidents of Mahavira facing severe trials, such as fire and snake bites, yet remaining unfazed.

• Page 152-156: Chapter 14: Sadhnakal ka Chaturth Varsh (Fourth Year of Sadhana): This chapter continues to narrate the challenges faced by Lord Mahavira during his spiritual quest. It details further instances of his encounters with deceitful individuals like Goashala and the locals, who often misunderstand and persecve him. Despite facing physical torment, betrayal, and false accusations, Mahavira's resilience and inner strength are consistently portrayed. The chapter also touches upon his encounters with various celestial beings and the protection they offer, albeit in accordance with his karma.

• Page 158-164: Chapter 15: Sadhnakal ka Pancham Varsh (Fifth Year of Sadhana): This chapter describes the fifth year of Mahavira's spiritual practices, including his sojourn in the difficult region of Lata. It details the extreme hardships he faced, such as intense heat, biting insects, rough terrain, and the hostility of the local populace. Despite these formidable challenges, Mahavira's unwavering determination and his ability to endure suffering with equanimity are emphasized. The chapter highlights his commitment to his spiritual path, even in the face of extreme adversity.

• Page 167-174: Chapter 16: Sadhnakal ka Shashth Varsh (Sixth Year of Sadhana): This chapter continues the narrative of Lord Mahavira's austere practices. It covers his spiritual journey through various regions, including encounters with his former associate Goashala, who continues to exhibit destructive tendencies. The chapter depicts Mahavira's resilience against Goashala's attempts to disrupt his path and his continued adherence to his spiritual discipline. It also mentions encounters with various individuals and celestial beings who either try to obstruct or assist him, emphasizing the divine nature of his mission.

• Page 175-178: Chapter 17: Sadhnakal ka Saptam Varsh (Seventh Year of Sadhana): This chapter describes Lord Mahavira's spiritual activities in the Magadha region, a period characterized by relative peace and fewer severe obstacles. It notes his interactions with King Shrenik and the pious people of Magadha. The chapter marks a transition to a period of less intense external suffering, allowing for deeper introspection and the continued progress of his spiritual journey.

• Page 179-185: Chapter 18: Sadhnakal ka Ashtam Varsh (Eighth Year of Sadhana): This chapter details the eighth year of Mahavira's austerities, including his visits to various villages and temples. It highlights the continued presence of Goashala and his misguided actions, as well as the instances of other individuals attempting to mislead or harm Mahavira. Despite these challenges, Mahavira's unwavering commitment to his path and his ability to overcome obstacles are consistently shown. It also includes incidents where celestial beings intervene to protect him.

• Page 191-198: Chapter 21: Sadhnakal ka Ekadash Varsh (Eleventh Year of Sadhana): This chapter describes the eleventh year of Mahavira's spiritual practices. It includes his rigorous vows, such as the "Abhigraha" (specific conditions for accepting alms), and the challenges he faced in fulfilling them. The chapter highlights the incident of Chandana, a devoted follower, who faced immense suffering but ultimately played a role in fulfilling Mahavira's vow. It also details the profound impact of his vows and austerities on the people around him and the divine manifestations that occurred.

• Page 213-219: Chapter 22: Sadhnakal ka Dwadash Varsh (Twelfth Year of Sadhana): This chapter focuses on the twelfth year of Mahavira's spiritual journey, culminating in his attainment of Kevalgyan (omniscience). It describes his severe penances, his encounters with various beings, including the celestial king Indra and the Yaksha Vibelak, who try to test his resolve. The chapter culminates with the significant event of Lord Mahavira attaining Kevalgyan under the Shalamali tree on the banks of the river Rjupalika. It describes the celestial celebration that followed this momentous event, marking the dawn of a new era of spiritual enlightenment.

Key Themes and Significance:

• The Life of Lord Mahavira: The book meticulously traces the life of Lord Mahavira, from his divine conception and birth to his extensive spiritual practices over twelve years.
• Past Lives and Karma: A significant portion of the book is dedicated to exploring Lord Mahavira's previous births, illustrating the principle of karma and how actions in past lives shape one's destiny.
• Austerity and Equanimity: The text emphasizes the extreme austerities, penances, and the unwavering equanimity Mahavira displayed in the face of immense suffering, torment, and misunderstanding.
• The Role of Goashala: Goashala is presented as a foil to Mahavira, highlighting his flawed nature, ambition, and eventual divergence from the true spiritual path, while Mahavira's steadfastness is contrasted.
• Divine Intervention and Protection: The narrative includes instances of celestial beings, like Indra and other gods, intervening to protect Mahavira or to witness his spiritual prowess, emphasizing his divine status.
• Jain Philosophy: The book implicitly conveys core Jain principles such as Ahimsa (non-violence), Anekantavada (non-absolutism), Aparigraha (non-possession), and the importance of right faith, knowledge, and conduct.
• Sadhumargi Tradition: The publication and dedication of the book by the Sadhumargi Jain Sangh underscore the Sangh's commitment to preserving and disseminating the teachings of Mahavira through the lens of their specific spiritual lineage.

This summary provides a comprehensive overview of the content covered in the provided pages of "Apaschim Tirthankar Mahavira Part 01," offering insights into the profound spiritual journey of Lord Mahavira.