Ajahara Parshwanath Charitra

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Ajahara Parshvanath Charitra" by Manilal Nyalchand Shah, based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Ajahara Parshvanath Charitra Author: Manilal Nyalchand Shah Publisher: Jain Sasti Vachanmala

Overall Purpose and Theme:

The book "Ajahara Parshvanath Charitra" is a Jain narrative that recounts the history and glory of the Ajahara Parshvanath temple and the associated Panchatirthi. It emphasizes the ancient origins of these sacred sites, highlighting their importance in showcasing Jain antiquity. The primary aim of the author and publisher is to spread awareness about these historically significant but often lesser-known pilgrimage sites, attracting more devotees and encouraging support for their preservation and restoration. The narrative is presented in a novelistic style, incorporating historical accounts, religious teachings, and the exemplary lives of devout individuals.

Key Sections and Content:

1. Introduction and Dedication (Pages 2-3):

   • The book is dedicated to the late Ratanben, wife of Sheth Kershibhai Vijpalbhai, acknowledging her virtuous life, piety, simplicity, and devotion to Lord Parshvanath.
   • The publisher expresses gratitude to Sheth Kershibhai Vijpalbhai of Kutch Asambiya for his generous support in printing the book in memory of his wife.
   • The publisher's motive is clearly stated: to propagate the glory of Ajahara Parshvanath and the Panchatirthi, and to draw the Jain community's attention and devotion towards these ancient sites.

2. Preface/Introduction (Pages 4-6):

   • The preface laments the dilapidated condition of once-famous pilgrimage sites due to the passage of time and neglect. It highlights that many people are unaware of these " Panchtirthis" (five holy sites) and that their current state, though deteriorated, still speaks of Jain antiquity.
   • The author emphasizes that the value of something is only realized when it becomes known. This book aims to reveal the grandeur, antiquity, and religious significance of the Ajahara Parshvanath area and its Panchtirthi.
   • The author appeals to the Jain community, regardless of their status (learned or wealthy), to contribute to the preservation of these historical sites, viewing it as a duty and an opportunity in human life.
   • The book's narrative style is described as a novel, focusing on King Ajay (also known as Anaranya) in relation to Ajahara Parshvanath. It also includes descriptions of Unnatpur, Delwada, Diu-Daman, and Kedinar, culminating with the famous Ambika Devi of Kedinar. The author expresses hope that the book will inspire the community to extend their support to these sacred places.

3. Table of Contents (Pages 7-8):

   • The detailed table of contents outlines the 36 chapters, covering the journey of King Ajay/Anaranya, the princess Pruthukumari, the events at the temple of the Kuldevi, the descriptions of various locations like Unnatpur, Delwada, Diu-Daman, and Kedinar, and the divine presence of Shri Ajahara Parshvanath. The narrative progresses through trials, warfare, divine intervention, and the eventual establishment of the holy sites.

4. Biographical Sketch of Ratanben (Pages 11-14):

   • This section provides a detailed biography of Ratanben, highlighting her virtuous qualities: good deeds, pure heart, religious devotion, simplicity, contentment, and hospitality.
   • It mentions her birth in Bidada, Kutch, and her marriage at 13 to Sheth Kershibhai Vijpalbhai, a respected and honest businessman from Asambiya, Kutch, who had a successful business in Rangoon.
   • Ratanben, despite her comfortable and luxurious upbringing, led a simple life, dedicating her time to religious practices and reading holy scriptures.
   • She had a son, Revajibhai, and a large, prosperous family.
   • Her life was characterized by humility, affection, and generosity. She undertook significant pilgrimages like Shatrunjay, Girnar, and Samet Shikharji.
   • She passed away in 1983 (Vir Samvat) in Bidada at the age of 47.
   • In her memory, Sheth Kershibhai established a Jain Pathshala in Asambiya, donated Rs. 10,000, and supported the publication of historical books like this one, promoting religious literature.
   • The author expresses sorrow at the premature death of such a virtuous woman and hopes that her life will serve as an inspiration for other women.

5. Narrative Chapters (Pages 15-198):

   • Chapters 1-3: Introduce King Anaranya (Ajay) camping near Saketpur, enjoying nature, and receiving an invitation from King Sahasranshu of Mahismati for his sister Pruthukumari's swayamvar (choice of husband). The narrative builds anticipation for the princess and the political landscape.
   • Chapters 4-10: Depict Princess Pruthukumari's contemplation about choosing a suitable husband, her father's discussions with ministers, and her own internal conflict between worldly desires and renunciation. King Ajay's journey to Mahismati is described, along with the grand swayamvar setup. The text also details the intriguing encounter of King Ajay (in disguise) with Shivshankar Bhatt, who is forced to disguise himself as a woman.
   • Chapters 11-28: Detail the swayamvar proceedings, the princess's selection process, the disguised King Ajay's interactions, his rescue of Princess Pruthukumari from a runaway elephant, the subsequent battle between Ajay's forces and the disguised King's enemies, and the eventual revelation of Ajay's true identity. The story weaves in religious and philosophical discussions, the importance of destiny, and the divine intervention of Ajahara Parshvanath.
   • Chapters 29-35: Cover the aftermath of the swayamvar, Ajay's coronation as King of Ayodhya, his diplomatic and military campaigns, the establishment of the city of Ajaypur, the installation of the Ajahara Parshvanath idol, and the subsequent religious discourse by saints. The narrative also touches upon the lineage of kings in Ayodhya, the lives of Tirthankaras, and the eventual renunciation of King Anaranya (Ajay).
   • Chapter 36 (Bhavitavyata): Discusses the concept of destiny and the inevitability of fate, even for powerful kings like Anaranya. It describes his prolonged illness despite all efforts by physicians and divine remedies, emphasizing the role of past karma.
   • Later Chapters (Implied by descriptions): Describe the physical description of the Ajahara Parshvanath temple, its historical significance, the presence of various idols, ancient stupas, and the ongoing need for renovations and preservation. It also details the legends and miracles associated with the temple, the local beliefs about divine intervention, and the descriptions of nearby pilgrimage sites like Unnatpur, Delwada, Diu-Bunder, and Kedinar.

Key Jain Concepts and Values:

• Devotion to Lord Parshvanath: The narrative centers around the glory of Ajahara Parshvanath, highlighting his miracles and the profound devotion of his followers.
• Karma and Destiny: The story emphasizes the impact of past karma (purva-karma) on present life events, including suffering, fortune, and even divine intervention.
• Renunciation and Spirituality: The concept of renouncing worldly pleasures for spiritual liberation is explored through the characters' choices, particularly the king's eventual detachment.
• Importance of Pilgrimage: The text underscores the significance of visiting and supporting pilgrimage sites, recognizing their role in preserving history and fostering faith.
• Virtuous Living: The life of Ratanben serves as an example of ideal Jain womanhood, characterized by piety, humility, and service.
• Preservation of Heritage: The author's plea for the community's involvement in maintaining ancient temples and sites reflects a deep concern for preserving Jain heritage.

Historical and Mythological Context:

The story is set in ancient India, referencing kings, dynasties, and events that blend historical accounts with mythological elements typical of Jain Puranic literature. The narrative draws inspiration from the lives of prominent Jain figures and the traditions surrounding Tirthankaras. The mention of various historical periods, kings like Anaranya, Sahasranshu, and the impact of rulers like Allaudin Khilji on temples, adds historical depth, though presented within a narrative framework.

Overall Impact:

"Ajahara Parshvanath Charitra" serves as both a devotional narrative and a historical record, aiming to instill pride in Jain heritage, inspire religious devotion, and encourage practical support for the preservation of sacred sites. It is a testament to the enduring faith and the rich cultural tapestry of Jainism.