Agam Satik Part 11 Bhagavati Sutra Gujarati Anuwad 3

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Book Title: Agam Satik Part 11 Bhagavati Sutra Gujarati Anuwad 3 Author(s): Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar Publisher: Deepratnasagar Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/009002/1

Overall Context and Purpose:

This document is Volume 11 of a comprehensive series titled "Agam Satik Anuwad" (Agam Sutras with Commentary and Translation) published by Deepratnasagar. Specifically, this volume focuses on Bhagavati Sutra (Bhagavati Ang-Sutra, the 5th Ang-Sutra), continuing the translation and commentary from Shatak (Chapter/Section) 9 to Shatak 12. The series aims to make the profound Jain Agamas accessible through detailed Gujarati translation and commentary, referencing original texts, Niryuktis, Churnis, and Vrittis. The project is extensive, with plans for 42 parts covering all Agamas, reflecting a deep commitment to scriptural preservation and dissemination.

Key Information from the Initial Pages:

• Series Title: Agam Satik Anuwad
• Current Volume: Part 11
• Specific Text: Bhagavati Sutra (Ang-Sutra #5)
• Starting Point: Shatak 9
• Ending Point: Shatak 12
• Translator/Creator of Translation Series: Muni Deepratnasagar
• Start Date of this Phase: October 23, 2009
• Financial Support: The publication acknowledges significant financial contributions from various Jain Sanghs (communities) and Trusts, highlighting the community effort behind this project. Notable patrons include Shri Athwalines Jain J.M.P. Sangh and Shri Seth Phoolchand Kalyanchnad Trust, Surat, supporting multiple volumes. The text also expresses gratitude to various Acharyas and Muni-varya for their inspiration and guidance.
• Publisher's Commitment: The publisher aims to provide the complete set of 42 volumes for a significant sum, indicating the vast scope and value of the work.

Content Summary of the Agam Text (Shatak 9 onwards):

The core of the provided text delves into the Bhagavati Sutra, also known by names like "Vichchhinnadash" or "Vividh-vichchhed," and in Sanskrit as "Sutra Sangrahani" or "Charyaprapti." It is considered the fifth Anga Sutra and the fifth part of the Shrutaskandha.

Shatak 9:

• Focus: This section, as indicated by the introductory notes, focuses on various philosophical and cosmological principles.
• Structure: Shatak 9 contains 34 Uddeas (Discourses/Topics).
• Key Topics Covered (as per Sutra and Vivechan for Sutra 438-443):
  • Sutra 438: Lists topics starting from Jambudvipa, Jyotish (celestial bodies), then 28 Antardvipas (inner islands), followed by specific discussions on "Ashrutva" (hearing without prior knowledge), "Gangeya Anagar," Kundagrama, and "Purush" (man) and the consequences of killing.
  • Vivechan (Commentary) for Sutra 438: Elaborates on the topics: Jambudvipa discussion, Jyotish discussion, 28 Uddeas related to Antardvipa, the principle of attaining Dharma without hearing, the life story of Gangeya Anagar, the topic of Kundagrama, and the discussion of "Purush" and killing.
  • Sutra 439 (and subsequent related sutras 440-443): Begins with a narrative set in Mithila, describing a Manibhadra Chaitya and the arrival of the Bhagavan (Mahavira). Gautam Swami poses questions to the Bhagavan regarding Jambudvipa, its form, extent, rivers (mentioning specific numbers of rivers in different regions like Bharat, Airavat, etc.), mountains, rivers flowing into the sea, and their measurements (in Yojanas, Dhanush, Angulas). It details the number of regions, mountains, peaks, sacred sites, lineages, and kingdoms within Jambudvipa.
  • Shatak 9, Uddeas 2: Focuses on Jyotish (celestial bodies), detailing the composition of lunar and solar families, their numbers, and the celestial bodies associated with them. It also discusses the structure and measurements of various continents and oceans up to Swayambhuraman Samudra, including numerous smaller islands and seas.
  • Shatak 9, Uddeas 3-30: Dedicated to "Antardvip" (Inner Islands), covering 28 specific island regions. The text describes their location, dimensions, and associated beings and phenomena. It details concepts like human lifespan, birth, death, and rebirth in these regions.
  • Shatak 9, Uddea 31: Discusses "Ashrutva," dealing with the concept of gaining spiritual insight or religious principles without necessarily hearing them directly from a preceptor, attributing it to karma-kshayopasham (dissolution and subsidence of karma). It explores how various individuals (including women and those who haven't directly heard the teachings) can attain spiritual progress and attain liberation through their own understanding and conduct, again linked to karma.
  • Shatak 9, Uddea 32: Focuses on "Gangeya Anagar," likely recounting his story and spiritual journey.
  • Shatak 9, Uddea 33: Deals with "Kundagrama," a place, likely important in the narrative of Mahavira's life or teachings.
  • Shatak 9, Uddea 34: Discusses "Purush" (man) and the concept of killing, possibly exploring karma and the consequences of actions, especially those related to violence.

Shatak 10:

• Focus: Continues the discourse on various philosophical and cosmological elements.
• Structure: Shatak 10 contains 34 Uddeas.
• Key Topics Covered (as per Sutra and Vivechan for Sutra 434 onwards):
  • Sutra 434: Lists topics including directions, a specific monk named Samvritta Anagar, self-benefit, Shyamahasti (a disciple), goddesses, the Sudharma Sabha (assembly hall), and the 28 Antardvipas in the Northern direction.
  • Vivechan for Sutra 434: Explains these topics: the discussion regarding directions, the subject of Samvritta Anagar, the meaning of Atma-riddhi (spiritual powers) related to celestial beings, the discourse related to Shyamahasti, the description of goddesses like Chamara, the explanation of Sudharma Sabha, and the exposition of the 28 Antardvipas in the Northern direction.
  • Shatak 10, Uddea 1: Focuses on Directions (Disha), detailing the nature of living beings (Jiva) and non-living substances (A-jiva) within each of the ten directions (including zenith and nadir), and their respective cosmic classifications. It explains how different types of beings and substances exist in these directions and their spatial relationships.
  • Shatak 10, Uddea 2: Discusses Samvritta Anagar, likely his teachings or story, and relates it to karma (Aupyaghatiki and Samparayiki kriya). It contrasts those who follow the teachings (Samvritta) with those who don't, linking their karmic consequences to anger, pride, deceit, and greed.
  • Shatak 10, Uddeas 3 & 4: Detail Yon i (womb/source of birth) and Vedana (sensations/feelings), classifying them into Sheeta (cold), Ushna (hot), and Sheeto-ushna (both). It discusses how different beings, from hell-dwellers to gods, experience these yonis and vedanas, and how karma influences these experiences.
  • Shatak 10, Uddea 5: Focuses on "Ati-paata" (violence/killing) and its relationship with various vices like anger, pride, deceit, and greed. It explores how these vices bind karma. It also discusses the qualities of different beings and their karmic bonds.
  • Shatak 10, Uddea 6: Discusses "Sahu" (monks/ascetics) and their conduct, including their relationship with the teachings and the consequences of adherence or non-adherence. It also touches upon the concept of "Jagarika" (vigilance or spiritual awakening).
  • Shatak 10, Uddea 7: Discusses "Lok" (the universe/cosmos), its structure, dimensions, and the beings within it. It elaborates on the concept of hellish realms (Narakas), the beings within them, and their classification.
  • Shatak 10, Uddea 8: Focuses on "Naama" (names), likely discussing the names of various celestial beings, their lineage, and their characteristics.
  • Shatak 10, Uddea 9: Focuses on "Deva" (celestial beings), detailing their types, lifespan, dwelling places (vimanas), their queens (Agra-maheshis), their attendants, and their sensual pleasures. It classifies them into Bhavanvasi, Vyantar, Jyotish, and Vaimanika, further subdividing them based on their Riddhi (supernatural powers) and status.
  • Shatak 10, Uddea 10: Focuses on "Atma" (soul/self), exploring its nature, its relationship with karma, knowledge (jnana), perception (darshana), conduct (charitra), and energy (virya). It discusses how the soul's state is influenced by karma and its potential for liberation. It details the classification of the soul into various types based on its inherent qualities and karmic states.

Shatak 11:

• Focus: The text shifts to the nature of "Utpal" (a type of plant/lotus) and then moves through other plants like Shaluka, Palash, Kumbhi, Nalik, Padm, Karnika, Nalini, Shivrajrishi, Lok, Kaal, and Alabhika.
• Key Topics Covered (as per Sutra and Vivechan for Sutra 494 onwards):
  • Sutra 494: Lists the 12 Uddeas of Shatak 11: Utpal, Utpalkand, Palash, Kumbhi, Nalik, Padm, Karnika, Nalin, Shivrajrishi, Lok, Kaal, and Alabhika.
  • Uddeas 1-8 (Utpal to Nalini): These Uddeas likely detail the characteristics of various plants, their existence in different regions, their lifespans, karmic implications, and the types of beings that may be born from them. The text presents a systematic approach to these beings, exploring their Jiva (living beings), Jiva-desha (parts of living beings), Jiva-pradesha (regions of living beings), A-jiva (non-living substances), A-jiva-desha, and A-jiva-pradesha. It also discusses their birth (Upapata), lifespans (Sthiti), migration (Gati-Agati), karma, senses, desires, conduct, and the number of karmic influxes. The commentary details the complex classifications and calculations involved.
  • Uddea 9 (Shivrajrishi): This section seems to shift focus to a sage named Shivrajrishi, possibly detailing his practices, austerities, austerities performed in different directions, his pursuit of knowledge, and his eventual attainment of liberation. It includes a narrative about King Shiv, his queen Prabhavati, and their son Shivabhadra, all of whom are connected to spiritual practices or asceticism. The story highlights King Shiv's devotion and his eventual renunciation.
  • Uddea 10 (Lok): This Uddea revisits the concept of Lok (the universe), describing its structure (trapezoidal, bell-shaped, drum-shaped), its constituent parts (Adholok, Tiryaklok, Urdhvalok), and the beings residing within them. It reiterates the presence of Jiva, A-jiva, their parts and regions, and the concept of time (Kaal). It clarifies the existence of A-jiva in different lokas and discusses the nature of karma and liberation. The commentary goes into great detail about the mathematical and cosmological aspects of the universe.

Shatak 12:

• Focus: Continues the detailed classification and discussion of various Jain principles and beings.
• Structure: Shatak 12 contains 10 Uddeas.
• Key Topics Covered (as per Sutra and Vivechan for Sutra 499 onwards):
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 1 (Shankh): Discusses Shankh Shravak, a lay follower, and his spiritual journey. It includes a narrative about his interaction with the teachings of Mahavira and his subsequent ascetic practices.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 2 (Jayanti): Focuses on Jayanti Shravika, a laywoman, and her spiritual understanding. It highlights a discussion between Jayanti and Mahavira about the nature of the soul, its potential for liberation, and the conditions for attaining spiritual progress.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 3 (Pashundhi): This section likely discusses Pashundhi (false ascetics or those following incorrect paths) and the nature of their incorrect beliefs, contrasting them with the true Jain path. It also touches upon the discussion of the soul's nature and its relation to karma.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 4 (Pudgal): This Uddea delves into the nature of Pudgal (matter), a fundamental Jain principle. It systematically explains how atoms (paramanu) combine to form elementary substances (skandhas) of varying sizes and properties. The text provides a detailed mathematical breakdown of combinations and their resultant forms, illustrating the complex nature of matter in Jain philosophy.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 5 (Atipatata): Addresses Atipatata, which relates to violence or the destruction of life. It discusses the nature of violence, its connection to vices like anger, pride, deceit, and greed, and the karmic consequences associated with these actions. It also explores the concept of non-violence (Ahimsa) as a core Jain principle.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 6 (Sahu): Focuses on Sahu (monks/ascetics) and their way of life, including their practices, discipline, and the rules they follow. It might also discuss the distinction between true monks and those who merely pose as such.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 7 (Lok): Revisits the Lok (universe), discussing its structure, the existence of beings within it, and the concept of lifespan and karmic consequences across different realms.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 8 (Naama): Focuses on Naama (names), likely referring to the names of various celestial beings, their residences, and possibly their lineage or characteristics, often referencing earlier texts like Jivabhigam.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 9 (Deva): Details the various Deva (celestial beings), classifying them into Bhavanvasi, Vyantar, Jyotish, and Vaimanika. It describes their lifespans, their queens, their attendants, their divine pleasures, and their respective realms. It also touches upon their karmic bonds and the consequences of their actions.
  • Shatak 12, Uddea 10 (Atma): This Uddea explores the nature of the Atma (soul), its various aspects like Jnana (knowledge), Darshana (perception), Charitra (conduct), Virya (energy), and its relationship with karma, yoga, and consciousness. It delves into the soul's potential for liberation and the different states it can pass through due to karmic influences.

Overall Significance:

This extensive translation and commentary project signifies a monumental effort to preserve and disseminate the foundational texts of Jainism. The detailed breakdown of concepts, cross-references, and meticulous enumeration of beings and phenomena demonstrate the depth and complexity of the original Agamas. The financial support and acknowledgments point to a strong community backing for spiritual and educational endeavors within the Jain tradition. This particular volume, focusing on the Bhagavati Sutra, provides critical insights into Jain cosmology, ethics, karma theory, and the path to liberation.