Agam Deep Agam 40 To 45 Gujarati Anuvaad Part 7

This Jain text, "Agam Deep Agam 40 to 45 Gujarati Anuvaad Part 7," compiled by Dipratnasagar and Deepratnasagar and published by Agamdip Prakashan, is a Gujarati translation and commentary on Jain Agamas, specifically focusing on Agamas 40 to Aagam 45, which include Char Mool Sutra, Nandi, and Anu-yoga. The provided text is Volume 7 of this series, with Muni Dipratna Sagar as the commentator.

The text begins with a devotional salutation to "Naimmal Dansans." It is presented as a publication by Agamdip Prakashan, with Muni Deepratna Sagar as the author of the "Gurjar Chhaya" (Gujarati commentary/shadow).

The primary focus of the provided pages is the detailed explanation and translation of specific Jain scriptures, primarily from the Dasa-vaikalika Sutra (identified as the third Mool Sutra) and briefly mentioning the Nandi Sutra (first Churika) and Anu-yogdara (second Churika). The text meticulously breaks down various chapters (adhyayan) and sections within them, offering commentary and explanations in Gujarati.

Here's a breakdown of the key scriptures and concepts covered in the provided pages:

Key Scriptures Covered:

• Aagam 40-43 (Char Mool Sutra): The text specifically delves into portions of these foundational Jain scriptures.
• Aagam 44 (Nandi Sutra): The "Prathama Churika" (first part) of Nandi Sutra is presented.
• Aagam 45 (Anu-yogdara): The "Dvitiya Churika" (second part) of Anu-yogdara is mentioned.

Core Concepts and Sections within the Text:

1. Devotional Salutations: The text starts with reverence to the pure vision (Nirmal Darshan), the fifth Ganadhara Shri Sudharma Swami, and other revered Gurus.

2. Aavashyak Sutra (Chapter 40): This section, identified as the first Mool Sutra, is extensively detailed with a Gujarati translation and commentary (Gurjar Chhaya) by Muni Deepratna Sagar.

   • Chapter 1: Samayik: This chapter covers the core principles of Jain practice, including:
     • The Namaskar Mantra (Pancha Parameshthi Namaskara).
     • The meaning of "Arihant" (those worthy of salutation and veneration, those who have conquered internal enemies).
     • The meaning of "Siddha" (liberated souls free from all suffering).
     • The meaning of "Acharya" (those who practice and teach the fivefold conduct).
     • The meaning of "Upadhyaya" (those who teach the twelve Angas and propagate knowledge).
     • The meaning of "Sadhu" (those who strive for their own and others' welfare, leading to salvation).
     • The concept of "Mangal" (auspiciousness), described as the foremost among all auspicious things.
     • The acceptance of "Samayik" (equanimity) and the vow of "Pratyakhyan" (renunciation of sinful activities) for life. This section includes detailed explanations of renouncing sinful actions through mind, speech, and body, and seeking forgiveness.
   • Chapter 2: Chaturvishati Stava (Vandana): This section covers the praise and salutation of the 24 Tirthankaras. It details the praise of Rishabh, Ajit, Sambhav, Abhinandan, Sumati, Padmaprabha, Suparshva, Chandraprabha, Suvidhi, Shreyans, Vasupujya, Vimal, Anant, Dharmanath, Shantinath, Kunthu, Aran, Mallinath, Munisuvrat, Nami, Neminath, Parshvanath, and Vardhaman. It emphasizes the purity of these Tirthankaras and their merit.
   • Chapter 3: Vandan (Salutation): This chapter describes the etiquette of saluting the Guru. It includes the disciple seeking permission to approach, touching the Guru's feet (Adho Kaya), seeking forgiveness for any unintentional offenses, and expressing gratitude for the Guru's guidance. It highlights the importance of respecting the Guru and seeking their blessings.
   • Chapter 4: Pratikraman (Repentance): This chapter details the process of repentance, covering:
     • Repentance for offenses related to the day.
     • Ayambila (fasting) and other vows.
     • The importance of following the three Guptis (restraint of mind, speech, and body) and five Mahavratas.
     • The detailed description of various offenses (atichara) related to the day and night, covering acts committed through mind, speech, and body, leading to the renunciation of these actions. The text enumerates offenses related to 32 principles, including the five Mahavratas, senses, kashayas, etc., all of which are to be repented.
   • Chapter 5: Kayotsarga (Abandoning the body): This chapter explains the practice of Kayotsarga, a form of meditation where one remains still and detached from the body. It covers the procedure, including seeking permission, maintaining posture, and the mental focus required. It also includes the meaning of various prayers recited during Kayotsarga, such as "Logassa Ujjogare" and the significance of meditating on the Tirthankaras and Siddhas.
   • Chapter 6: Pratyakhyan (Renunciation): This chapter details the vows of renunciation, outlining various restrictions and observances for Jain monks and nuns. It explains the practices related to food intake (pratyakhyan), particularly the rules for fasting and abstaining from certain types of food. The text elaborates on the conditions for accepting alms, the rules for avoiding tainted food, and the importance of adhering to the vow of non-violence in relation to food. It also touches upon the concept of vow observance and its principles.

3. Oha Nirgutti (Chapter 41): This section, identified as the second Mool Sutra, begins to explain the "Oha Nirgutti," which is a detailed discourse on Jain conduct and practices.

   • Upakram and Mangal: It starts by explaining the concept of "Upakram" (introduction or origin) in relation to the canons and the beginning of auspiciousness ("Mangal").
   • Niruyukti (Commentary/Explanation): The text discusses the purpose and meaning of "Niruyukti," which is a commentary or explanation of the scriptures. It highlights that Niruyukti is meant for the welfare of the saints.
   • Types of Conduct (Charitra): It begins to discuss different types of conduct (e.g., Charitra, Karan, Anuyog).
   • Seven Doors of Ogha Nirgutti: The text lists the seven key aspects of Ogha Nirgutti: Pratilakhana (inspection), Pind (alms), Upadhi Praman (rules regarding possessions), Anatayan Varjan (avoiding improper places), Pratisevana (proper usage), Alochana (confession), and Vishuddhi (purification).
   • Detailed explanation of Pratilakhana (Inspection): A significant portion of the Nandi Sutra explanation deals with the meticulous inspection required for all aspects of a monk's life, from their belongings to their actions, emphasizing the strict adherence to principles of purity and non-violence. This includes detailed instructions on inspecting alms bowls, robes, and even the ground while walking to avoid harming any living beings.
   • Ethical Conduct and Rules: The text elaborates on various rules of conduct for ascetics, including how to behave in different situations, interactions with householders, and the proper way to accept alms. It emphasizes the importance of vigilance, self-control, and adherence to the teachings of the Tirthankaras.

4. Dasaveyaliya (Chapter 42): This is identified as the third Mool Sutra and the text begins to provide a Gujarati commentary on its chapters.

   • Dhumapushpika, Shramanya Purva, Mullakachar Katha: These initial sections seem to set the stage for the teachings, possibly through stories or allegorical explanations.
   • Six Lifeyayikas (Six Categories of Living Beings): The text details the concept of six Jiva Kayas (living beings) in Jainism: Earth-bodied, Water-bodied, Fire-bodied, Air-bodied, Vegetation-bodied (one-sensed), and Mobile (two-sensed to five-sensed) beings. It emphasizes the Jain principle of ahimsa (non-violence) towards all living beings.
   • Pindeshana (Alms-seeking): This section likely deals with the rules and ethics of seeking alms, a fundamental practice for ascetics.
   • Mahachar Kathan (Great Conduct Narratives): This suggests stories or discussions about the exemplary conduct of great ascetics.
   • Vakya Shuddhi (Purity of Speech): This likely discusses the importance of right speech, avoiding falsehood, gossip, and harsh words.
   • Achar Pranidhi (Conduct Rules): This section would detail the rules of conduct for monks.
   • Vinaya Samadhi (Veneration and Equanimity): This covers the importance of respecting gurus and maintaining mental composure.
   • Ten Bhikshu (Ten Types of Monks): This might categorize monks based on their practices or stages of spiritual development.
   • Chulika (Appendices/Supplements): The text mentions "Chulika" twice, suggesting supplementary material or secondary texts within the Dasa-vaikalika Sutra.

5. Uttaradhyayana Sutra (Chapter 43): This is identified as the fourth Mool Sutra. The provided pages cover sections from the beginning, including:

   • Vinay Krit (Conduct related to Veneration): This section likely elaborates on the rules of discipline and conduct, particularly concerning veneration and respect for elders and gurus. It mentions respecting the Guru, seeking their blessings, and adhering to their teachings.
   • Parishah Vibhakti (Classification of Endurances): The text begins to discuss the concept of Parishahas (hardships or ordeals), which ascetics must endure with equanimity as part of their spiritual practice. It touches upon the twenty-two types of Parishahas and the importance of overcoming them.
   • Jeeva Nikaya (Living Beings): This section revisits the six Jiva Kayas, emphasizing the need for non-violence towards all life forms, from earth-bodied to mobile beings. It outlines the vows and practices related to abstaining from violence in all its forms, including mental, verbal, and physical actions.
   • Pinde Shana (Alms-seeking): This reiterates the rules and principles of accepting alms.
   • Mahachar Katha (Great Conduct Narratives): This likely continues the discussion on the exemplary conduct of great ascetics.
   • Vakya Shuddhi (Purity of Speech): This section reiterates the importance of pure and truthful speech, emphasizing the avoidance of falsehood and harsh words.
   • Achara Pranidhi (Conduct Rules): This section continues to detail the conduct rules.
   • Vinaya Samadhi (Veneration and Equanimity): This section highlights the importance of maintaining equanimity and devotion towards the Guru. It touches upon the different types of knowledge and their role in spiritual progress.
   • Dash Bhikshu (Ten Types of Monks): This section may describe different categories or stages of monastic life.
   • Mṛgāputrīya (Story of Mṛgāpuṭrī): This section begins to recount a narrative about the story of Mṛgāpuṭrī, likely illustrating the principles of renunciation and detachment. It mentions the King, his Queen, and their son, highlighting the importance of understanding the impermanence of worldly life and the path to spiritual liberation.
   • Kapiliya (Teachings of Kapila): This section seems to present teachings or narratives associated with the sage Kapila, possibly related to philosophical concepts or spiritual practices. It touches upon the nature of the soul, karma, and the cycle of birth and death.
   • Hṛiksheeya (Story of Hṛiksheeya): This section starts with the narrative of Muni Hṛiksheeya, a story likely illustrating spiritual principles through his life. It emphasizes the concept of non-attachment and indifference towards worldly matters.
   • Brahma-charya Samadhi Sthana (States of Brahmacharya and Equanimity): This section likely delves into the practices and states of mind required for maintaining celibacy and achieving inner peace.
   • Samayika (Equanimity): This concept is revisited, likely reinforcing its importance as a core Jain practice.
   • Kaya-utsearga (Abandoning the Body): This likely explains the practice of Kayotsarga, focusing on detachment from the physical body and its sensations.
   • Pratikramana (Repentance): This section likely revisits the process of repentance for past actions.
   • Pratyakhyana (Renunciation): This section reiterates the vows of renunciation.
   • Achara-pranidhi (Conduct Rules): This continues the discussion on ascetic conduct.
   • Vinaya-Samadhi (Veneration and Equanimity): This section emphasizes the importance of veneration and achieving mental peace.
   • Dash Bhikshu (Ten Types of Monks): This section continues to discuss the ten types of monks.

6. Nandi Sutra (Chapter 44 - First Churika): The text begins to explain the Nandi Sutra, specifically its first appendix ("Prathama Churika").

   • Praise of Tirthankaras and Sangha: It starts with the praise of the Tirthankaras and the Jain community (Sangha).
   • Six Lifeyayikas (Six Categories of Living Beings): It reiterates the concept of six Jiva Kayas, emphasizing non-violence towards them.
   • Pindeshana (Alms-seeking): It discusses the meticulous rules for seeking alms, highlighting the importance of purity and ethical conduct in this process. It delves into details of inspecting alms, the types of alms, and what is permissible or impermissible.
   • Udgama, Utpadana, Eshana: It starts to explain the three main sources of impurity in alms: Udgama (source of production), Utpadana (method of obtaining), and Eshana (usage or consumption). The text begins to detail the various faults associated with each of these.

7. Anu-yogdara (Chapter 45 - Second Churika): This section is mentioned as the second appendix, and the text begins to explain its contents, focusing on:

   • Jñana (Knowledge): The five types of Jñana (knowledge) are introduced: Mati Jñana, Sruta Jñana, Avadhi Jñana, Manah-paryaya Jñana, and Kevala Jñana.
   • Types of Jñana: The text elaborates on the nature of Mati Jñana and Sruta Jñana, discussing their different classifications and characteristics. It explains the importance of proper understanding and application of these concepts.
   • Pindeshana (Alms-seeking): This section likely revisits and expands upon the principles of alms-seeking as discussed in the Nandi Sutra.
   • Samayika (Equanimity): The text touches upon the concept of Samayika, emphasizing the importance of maintaining equanimity in all situations.
   • Ayambila: It mentions Ayambila, a type of fasting, and its significance.
   • Gaveṣaṇā (Search for Alms): The text details the principles of searching for alms, including the proper places to seek alms, the conduct to be maintained, and the avoidance of improper actions.
   • Pind Shuddhi (Purity of Alms): This is a crucial concept discussed, covering various impurities to be avoided in alms, such as Udgama, Utpadana, and Eshana doshas.
   • Upakrama: The text explains the concept of Upakrama, which relates to the introduction or origin of things, and its various types.

Overall Summary:

The text is a profound and comprehensive guide to the foundational practices and philosophical tenets of Jainism, particularly for ascetics. It emphasizes the meticulous adherence to the principles of non-violence (ahimsa) in all aspects of life, especially concerning alms-seeking and the conduct of monks and nuns. The text provides detailed instructions on:

• Conduct (Achara): The importance of discipline, veneration for gurus, and strict adherence to the rules laid down by the Tirthankaras.
• Renunciation (Vairagya): The need to detach from worldly desires, possessions, and sensory pleasures.
• Purity: The paramount importance of purity in all actions, especially in alms-seeking, to avoid causing harm to any living being.
• Knowledge (Jñana): The pursuit of right knowledge (Samyak Jñana) and right perception (Samyak Darshan) as the path to liberation.
• Equanimity (Samayika): The practice of maintaining mental balance and impartiality in all circumstances.
• Repentance (Pratikraman): The process of acknowledging and seeking forgiveness for past mistakes and transgressions.

The commentary by Muni Dipratna Sagar aims to make these complex scriptural texts accessible and understandable to Gujarati readers, providing "Gurjar Chhaya" (Gujarati interpretation) to illuminate the profound meanings. The text also acknowledges various "Dravya Sahayaka" (financial supporters) who contributed to the publication of this valuable work.

This detailed summary captures the essence of the provided pages, highlighting the scriptural basis, the ethical guidelines, and the spiritual practices that form the core of Jain asceticism as presented in this Jain text.