Agam Deep Agam 14 To 15 Gujarati Anuvaad Part 4 - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Agam Deep Agam 14 to 15 Gujarati Anuvaad Part 4," based on the provided pages:

Title: Agam Deep Agam 14 to 15 Gujarati Anuvaad Part 4 Author(s): Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar Publisher: Agamdip Prakashan Catalog Link: https://jainqq.org/explore/005057/1

This volume is part of the "Agam Deep" series, specifically focusing on Gujarati translations and commentaries ("Anuvaad" and "Gurjar Chhaya") of Jain Agamas. This particular part covers Agam 14 (Jivajivabhigam Sutra) and Agam 15 (Pannavanasutra). The "Gurjar Chhaya Karta" (commentator in Gujarati) is Muni Deepratnasagar.

Key Contents and Structure:

The book is structured to provide a detailed explanation of these two important Agamas through a Gujarati lens. It is divided into sections corresponding to different "Pratipatti" (understandings or classifications).

Core Agamas Covered:

Jivajivabhigam Sutra (Agam 14): This Agama deals with the classification and detailed description of souls (Jiva) and non-souls (Ajeeva).
Pannavanasutra (Agam 15): This Agama provides detailed classifications and descriptions of various categories of existence, including the nature of souls, non-souls, and their attributes.

Summary of Content by Pratipatti (Classification) / Chapter:

The text follows a systematic approach, breaking down the complex concepts of the Agamas into understandable categories. Based on the provided index and page content, the summary can be outlined as follows:

Part 4 (Division 5) Index (Page 4-5):

The index clearly outlines the structure of the volume, detailing the "Pratipatti" (classification/understanding) covered for each Agama.

Jivajivabhigam Sutra (Agam 14) - Gurjar Chhaya:

Pratipatti 1 ("Duvidha"): Discusses the dual nature (Jiva and Ajeeva).
- Ajeevabhigam:
  - Aroopi Ajeevabhigam: Describes ten categories: Dharmastikaya (substance of motion), its parts and regions, Adharmastikaya (substance of rest), its parts and regions, Akashastikaya (substance of space), its parts and regions, and Kal (time).
  - Roopi Ajeevabhigam (Matter - Pudgal): Four types are mentioned: Skandha (aggregates), Skandha-desha (parts of aggregates), Skandha-pradesh (regions of aggregates), and Parmanu (ultimate particles). Pudgals are further elaborated based on their attributes: color (five types), smell (two types), taste (five types), touch (eight types), and form (five types).
- Jivabhigam:
  - Two types: Samsara Samapannaka (souls caught in the cycle of birth and death) and Asamsara Samapanna (liberated souls).
  - Asamsara Samapanna: Further divided into Anantar Siddha (liberated without interval) and Parampar Siddha (liberated with intervals). Anantar Siddha is described as fifteen types, from Tirthasiddha to various states of Siddhas. Parampar Siddha is described as having infinite types, depending on the time of liberation (first moment, second moment, etc.).
  - Samsara Samapannaka: Discusses the nine different views on the types of souls in samsara.
    - Two types: Trasa (moving beings) and Sthavar (immobile beings).
    - Sthavar: Three types: Prithvikayika (earth-bodied), Apkayika (water-bodied), and Vanaspatikayika (plant-bodied).
      - Prithvikayika: Sub-divided into Sukshma (subtle) and Badara (gross). Sukshma Prithvikayika are described with 23 detailed attributes: body type, abode, form, senses, passions, consciousness, etc. Their lifespan is stated as a maximum of Antarmuhurta (less than a moment). They originate from the fallen beings of Tiryangyonis and humans, and their re-birth is in Tiryangyonis and humans.
      - Badara Prithvikayika: Further classified into Shleshna (sticky) and Khara (rough). Shleshna Badara Prithvikayika are seven types. Their characteristics are detailed, similar to Sukshma, but with variations in lifespan (up to 22,000 years), number of lishyas (four), and origin (from Tiryangyonis, humans, and even from heavens up to Ishan).
    - Jal Kaya (Water-bodied beings): Classified into Sukshma and Badara. Sukshma Apkayika have a specific form (like water bubbles). Badara Apkayika are numerous (dew, snow, etc.). Their characteristics, lifespan (up to 7,000 years), and origin are discussed.
    - Tej Kaya (Fire-bodied beings): Classified into Sukshma and Badara. Characteristics, lifespan (up to 3 days for Badara), origin (Tiryang, human, heavens), and various forms of fire are described.
    - Vayu Kaya (Air-bodied beings): Classified into Sukshma and Badara. Badara Vayukayika have various forms (winds). Their lifespan is up to 3,000 years.
    - Jiva (Souls): Classified by senses: Ekendriya (one-sensed), Dvi-indriya (two-sensed), Trijndriya (three-sensed), Chaturindriya (four-sensed), and Panchindriya (five-sensed).
      - Dvi-indriya: Described with details on lifespan (up to 12 years), form (Hundak), senses, passions, lishyas (four), etc. Their origin is from Tiryang and human realms.
      - Trijndriya: Similar details, with lifespan up to 49 days.
      - Chaturindriya: Similar details, with lifespan up to 6 months.
      - Panchindriya: Classified into Nairayika (hellish beings), Tiryangyonika (animal realm), Manushya (human), and Deva (celestial beings).
        
        Nairayika: Described in detail across seven hellish planes (Ratnaprabha to Tamastama), including their number of Narakaavas (dwelling places), size, forms, lifespan (up to 33 sagaras), karma, senses, lishyas (Kṛṣṇa, Nīla, Kāpota), knowledge, delusion, etc.
        
        Tiryangyonika: Classified into Jalachara (aquatic), Sthalachara (terrestrial), and Khechara (aerial). Each is further sub-classified into Sammurcchima (spontaneously generated) and Garbhaja (progenitive). Their characteristics, lifespan, origin, and re-birth are discussed.
        
        Manushya: Classified into Karma-bhumija, Akarmabhumi, and Antardvip. Detailed descriptions of various islands, human lifespans, characteristics, and lineage are provided.
        
        Deva: Classified into Bhavanvasi, Vyantar, Jyotishka, and Vaimanika. Bhavanvasi are further divided into ten classes (Asura Kumara to Stanita Kumara), with details on their Indras, assemblies, lifespan, and characteristics. Vyantar, Jyotishka, and Vaimanika are also described with their respective Indras, lifespan, and origins.
Pratipatti 2 ("Trividha"): Discusses the three types of souls based on sensual perception: Stri (female), Purush (male), and Napunsak (eunuch/neuter). Detailed descriptions of their lifespans, origins, and classifications within various life forms (Tiryang, Manushya, Deva) are provided.
Pratipatti 3 ("Chaturvidha"): Discusses the four types of souls: Nairayika, Tiryangyonika, Manushya, and Deva. This section delves into the specifics of the hellish realms (Narakas), including the seven planes, their dimensions, inhabitants, lifespans, and suffering. It then moves on to discuss the lifespans and characteristics of various categories of beings within the Tiryangyonika, Manushya, and Deva realms.
Pratipatti 4 ("Panchvidha"): Discusses the five types of souls based on senses: Ekendriya (one-sensed), Dvi-indriya (two-sensed), Trijndriya (three-sensed), Chaturindriya (four-sensed), and Panchindriya (five-sensed). Details on their lifespans, the prevalence of peryaya (stages of development), and their relative numbers (Alpa-Bahutva) are provided.
Pratipatti 5 ("Chhividha"): Discusses the six types of souls: Prithvikayika, Apkayaika, Tejaskayika, Vayukayika, Vanaspatikayika, and Trassakayika. Detailed discussions on their lifespans, peryaya (stages of development), and their relative numbers (Alpa-Bahutva) are presented, offering significant detail on the characteristics of beings within each category, including their originating realms and the types of lifespans they experience.
Pratipatti 6 ("Sattavidha"): Discusses seven types of souls, likely referring to classifications based on karma or other qualities, though the provided text mainly elaborates on the previous classifications.
Pratipatti 7 ("Attavidha"): Discusses eight types of souls, with a focus on Gati (destination) and their origins.
Pratipatti 8 ("Navavidha"): Discusses nine types of souls, focusing on the states of consciousness related to senses, passions, and knowledge.
Pratipatti 9 ("Dashvidha"): Discusses ten types of souls, likely related to the classifications of lifespan, karma, or spiritual development.
Pratipatti 10 ("Sabhyajiva"): This section is dedicated to the "Sabhyajiva" (all souls), likely a recapitulation or further elaboration on the nature of souls in general. It touches upon concepts like lifespan, origination, and the influence of karma and mental states (like leshyas) on their existence.

Pannavanasutra (Agam 15) - Gurjar Chhaya:

This part of the volume is dedicated to the Pannavanasutra, with its contents broken down by "Pad" (topic/category).

Pad 1-36: The index lists 36 specific topics covered within the Pannavanasutra. These include:
- Prajnapti (classification)
- Sthan (location/dwelling)
- Bahuvaktavyata (multitudinous speech/description)
- Sthiti (lifespan)
- Vishesh (special characteristics)
- Vyakranti (transmigration)
- Uchchvas (respiration)
- Sanjna (consciousness/mental faculty)
- Yoni (origin/species)
- Charam (final/ultimate)
- Bhasha (language)
- Sharir (body)
- Parinam (transformation/effect)
- Kashay (passions)
- Indriya (senses)
- Prayog (application/effort)
- Leshya (subtle karmic matter influencing disposition)
- Kayasthiti (duration of existence in a body)
- Samyakva (right faith)
- Antarkriya (action of ending/cessation)
- Avagahana (length/height)
- Sansthan (form/structure)
- Kriya (action)
- Karmaprakriti (types of karma)
- Karmabandha (bondage of karma)
- Vedana (feeling/sensation)
- Ahar (food/sustenance)
- Upayog (application/awareness)
- Pashyata (sight)
- Sanjnni (one with consciousness)
- Sanyam (restraint)
- Avadhi (clairvoyance)
- Pravicharana (reflection/consideration)
- Samudghata (emission of karmic body)

Key Themes and Details:

Detailed Classification: The text meticulously classifies beings and phenomena based on various criteria, including their nature (Jiva/Ajeeva), lifespan, origin, senses, body types, karmic influences (leshya, kashaya), and even their modes of sustenance and movement.
Lifespan (Sthiti): Extensive details are provided on the lifespans of beings in different realms and categories, from subtle hellish beings with extremely short lives to celestial beings with lifespans measured in cosmic time units (sagaropama, palyopama).
Origin (Yoni): The text elaborates on the origin of beings in different realms, discussing transmigration and the sources from which souls are reborn into specific forms (e.g., how hellish beings are reborn in the animal or human realms).
Physical Attributes: Descriptions include the physical characteristics of beings, such as their body types (audrika, vaikriya), forms, the nature of their sustenance, and even the minutiae of their senses.
Karma and Lèshya: The text touches upon the influence of karma and leshya (dispositional colors) on the state of beings, particularly in the context of hellish beings and their suffering.
Cosmology: Information about the structure of the universe, including various islands (dvipas), oceans (samudras), mountains (like Meru Parvat), and the characteristics of celestial beings' abodes (Vimanas) is presented.
Emphasis on Detail: The commentary provides exceptionally granular details, such as the exact number of Narakaavas, the dimensions of various cosmic structures, and the complex classifications of qualities and actions.
Role of Commentary: The "Gurjar Chhaya" indicates a Gujarati interpretation and explanation of the original Sanskrit/Prakrit Agamas, making the complex philosophical and cosmological concepts accessible in Gujarati.

Overall Purpose:

This volume aims to provide a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the Jiva and Ajeeva categories, the nature of souls in different states of existence, and the structure of the Jain cosmos, as presented in the Jivajivabhigam and Pannavana Sutras, explained through the lens of Jain tradition and Gujarati language. It serves as an educational resource for understanding foundational Jain philosophy and cosmology.