Agam 41 Mool 02 Ogh Niryukti Sutra Shwetambar Agam Guna Manjusha

This document is a Hindi text titled "Agam 41 Mool 02 Ogh Niryukti Sutra Shwetambar Agam Guna Manjusha" authored by Gunsagarsuri. It appears to be a commentary or explanation of various Jain scriptures. The provided pages offer a comprehensive overview of the 45 Jain Agamas, categorizing them into several sections:

I. Eleven Angas (Main Scriptures): The text briefly introduces and describes the content and approximate verse count of the following Anga sutras:

• Acārāṅga Sūtra: Focuses on the conduct of monks and laypeople, with an emphasis on the "ways of conduct" teaching.
• Sūyagaḍāṅga Sūtra (Sūtra-Kṛtāṅga): Discusses various philosophical viewpoints, including ritualists, non-ritualists, and agnostics, with a focus on "entity" teaching.
• Thāṇāṅga Sūtra: Primarily deals with calculation and touches upon the other three Jain teachings (entity, religious discourse, ways of conduct). It organizes objects from one to eight.
• Samavāyāṅga Sūtra: A compendium listing objects from one to crores, providing details about their categories.
• Vyākhyā-prajñapti Sūtra (Bhagavatī Sūtra): The largest Agama, it is a collection of questions posed by Gautama Ganadhara and answered by Lord Mahavira, covering all four Jain teachings. It's described as a treasure trove.
• Jñātādharmakathāṅga Sūtra: Focuses on religious discourses, containing numerous stories and narratives.
• Upāsaka-daśāṅga Sūtra: Details the twelve vows and the life stories of ten prominent lay disciples.
• Antaḵa-daśāṅga Sūtra: Primarily about religious discourses, it narrates the lives of highly spiritual souls who achieved liberation.
• Anuttaropapātika-daśāṅga Sūtra: Focuses on religious discourses, depicting the lives of individuals who attained heavenly states and subsequently achieved liberation.
• Praśna-vyākaraṇa Sūtra: Primarily concerned with the "ways of conduct," it contains Lord Mahavira's answers to questions asked by various beings.
• Vipāka Sūtrāṅga Sūtra: Contains stories of ten sinful and ten virtuous souls, illustrating the consequences of actions.

II. Twelve Upāṅgas (Subordinate Scriptures): The text lists and briefly describes:

• Aupapātika Sūtra: A sub-text of Acārāṅga Sūtra, detailing aspects of Campā city, austerities, and disciples.
• Rājapraśnīya Sūtra: A sub-text of Sūyagaḍāṅga Sūtra, discussing King Pradesi and the worship of Jina idols.
• Jīvābhigama Sūtra: A sub-text of Thāṇāṅga Sūtra, providing analysis of souls and non-souls.
• Prajñāpanā Sūtra: A sub-text of Samavāyāṅga Sūtra, describing 36 specific topics.
• Sūrya Prajñapti Sūtra & Candra Prajñapti Sūtra: Both deal with calculation, describing celestial movements, days, seasons, etc.
• Jambūdvīpa Prajñapti Sūtra: Also related to calculation, it details the Jambūdvīpa continent and its structure.
• Nirayāvali Pāṅka: This group includes:
  • Nirayāvali Sūtra: Depicts a war and the fate of King Śreṇika's sons.
  • Kalpāvatāṁśaka Sūtra: Narrates the lives of princes.
  • Puṣpaka Sūtra: Contains ten lessons on various deities and disciples.
  • Puṣpacūlikā Sūtra: Describes the previous births of goddesses.
  • Vr̥ṣṇidaśā Sūtra: Contains stories of the Yadu dynasty.

III. Ten Payanna Sūtras (Supplementary Scriptures): The text lists ten Payanna Sūtras, which deal with specific topics:

• Āturapratyākhyāna Payaṇṇā Sūtra: Discusses final practices and death rituals.
• Bhakta-parijñā Payaṇṇā Sūtra: Describes different types of death and related practices.
• Sansthāraka Payaṇṇā Sūtra: Extols the virtues of Sansthāraka (a ritual).
• Tandula-vaiyāliya Payaṇṇā Sūtra: An "ocean of detachment," it discusses food consumption over a lifetime.
• Cāndāvijaya Payaṇṇā Sūtra: Deals with death improvement practices.
• Devendra-stava Payaṇṇā Sūtra: Presents hymns to Lord Indra and related topics.
• Maraṇasamādhi Payaṇṇā Sūtra: Focuses on final religious practices related to death.
• Mahāpratyākhyāna Payaṇṇā Sūtra: Details practices for monks at the time of death.
• Gaṇivijaya Payaṇṇā Sūtra: Summarizes astrological treatises.
• Note: The text mentions that some count "Gacchācāra Payaṇṇā" in place of Cāndāvijaya Payaṇṇā.

IV. Six Cheda Sūtras (Rules and Regulations): These scriptures are described as dealing with rules, exceptions, and penance. The text emphasizes that their study is restricted to highly qualified monks with specific spiritual attainments. The six Cheda Sūtras mentioned are:

• Vyavahāra Sūtra
• Niśītha Sūtra
• Mahāniśītha Sūtra
• Pañcakaḷpa Sūtra
• Daśāśruta-skandha Sūtra
• Bhaṭkalpa Sūtra

V. Four Mūla Sūtras (Root Scriptures): These are fundamental texts:

• Dajavaikalika Sūtra: Compared to a nectar lake for monks, it contains ten lessons and two concluding sections called Colikas.
• Uttarādhyayana Sūtra: Contains the final sermons of Lord Mahavira, discussing detachment and monastic conduct.
• Anuyogadvāra Sūtra: Considered the "key to all Agamas," it teaches the path of spiritual practice through explanation and analysis, covering four types of Anuyoga.
• Avaśyaka Sūtra: Essential for all four Jain congregations (monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen), it describes six obligatory daily duties.

VI. Two Colikās (Concluding Sections):

• Nandi Sūtra: Contains hymns to Lord Mahavira, analogies for the Jain community, names of Tirthankaras and Ganadharas, and details on the five types of knowledge.
• Anuyogadvāra Sūtra: (Also listed under Mūla Sūtras) This is a crucial text for understanding the Agamas, explaining the structure of Jain scriptures.

Detailed Chapters of Uttarādhyayana Sūtra: The majority of the text then delves into the content of the 36 chapters (Adhyayanas) of the Uttarādhyayana Sūtra. Each chapter is introduced with its name and then provides the Gujarati translation of the original Prakrit verses, along with a simple Gujarati meaning. The chapters cover a vast range of topics related to:

• Conduct and Discipline: Chapters on Vinaya (etiquette), controlling senses, conduct during alms-round, behavior towards elders and gurus, speech discipline, avoiding worldly attachments, maintaining equanimity.
• Patience and Endurance: Chapters detailing the 22 types of hardships (Pariṣaha) that ascetics face and the importance of enduring them with patience.
• Spiritual Practices: Chapters on the four pillars of Jainism (Mānuṣatva, Śruta, Śraddhā, Saṁyama), the cycle of birth and death, the value of detachment, overcoming desires, the nature of karma, and the path to liberation.
• Moral and Ethical Teachings: Chapters on avoiding sinful actions, the importance of truthfulness, non-violence, the ephemeral nature of life and worldly possessions, the consequences of attachment, and the path of renunciation.
• Philosophical Discussions: Chapters illustrating philosophical concepts through stories and dialogues, such as the difference between true and false asceticism, the meaning of true knowledge, and the stages of spiritual progress.
• Lives of Great Souls: Chapters narrating the lives and preachings of prominent ascetics and kings who achieved spiritual heights, providing examples of virtuous conduct and renunciation.
• Specific Practices: Chapters detailing various aspects of monastic life, such as food rules (Piṇḍaiṣaṇā), rules for accepting offerings, practices for maintaining celibacy (Brahmacarya), and the importance of introspection and self-control.
• The Path to Liberation: Chapters emphasizing the ultimate goal of Moksha (liberation) and the various practices and disciplines required to achieve it, including meditation, austerities, and the eradication of karma.

Overall Purpose: The text, "Agam 41 Mool 02 Ogh Niryukti Sutra Shwetambar Agam Guna Manjusha," serves as an explanatory guide to the Jain Agamas, particularly focusing on the Uttarādhyayana Sūtra. It aims to elucidate the teachings, principles, and practices of Jainism for the spiritual upliftment and ultimate liberation of its followers. The author, Gunsagarsuri, through this compilation, provides a structured and detailed understanding of the vast Jain scriptural tradition.